add plugin camera desktop

plugins/camera_desktop/.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+name: CI
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches: [main]
+  pull_request:
+    branches: [main]
+
+jobs:
+  analyze:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+      - uses: subosito/flutter-action@v2
+        with:
+          channel: stable
+      - run: flutter pub get
+      - run: flutter analyze
+
+  test-dart:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+      - uses: subosito/flutter-action@v2
+        with:
+          channel: stable
+      - run: flutter pub get
+      - run: flutter test
+
+  build-linux:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+      - uses: subosito/flutter-action@v2
+        with:
+          channel: stable
+      - name: Install Linux dependencies
+        run: |
+          sudo apt-get update
+          sudo apt-get install -y \
+            clang cmake ninja-build pkg-config \
+            libgtk-3-dev \
+            libgstreamer1.0-dev \
+            libgstreamer-plugins-base1.0-dev \
+            gstreamer1.0-plugins-good \
+            libmpv-dev
+      - run: cd example && flutter build linux
+
+  build-macos:
+    runs-on: macos-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+      - uses: subosito/flutter-action@v2
+        with:
+          channel: stable
+      - run: cd example && flutter build macos
+
+  test-macos-native:
+    runs-on: macos-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+      - uses: subosito/flutter-action@v2
+        with:
+          channel: stable
+      - run: cd example && flutter build macos --debug
+      - name: Run XCTests
+        run: |
+          cd example/macos
+          xcodebuild test \
+            -workspace Runner.xcworkspace \
+            -scheme Runner \
+            -configuration Debug \
+            -quiet
+
+  build-windows:
+    runs-on: windows-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+      - uses: subosito/flutter-action@v2
+        with:
+          channel: stable
+      - uses: ilammy/msvc-dev-cmd@v1
+
+      - name: Verify /utf-8 is set for MSVC in windows/CMakeLists.txt
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          grep -q '/utf-8' windows/CMakeLists.txt \
+            || { echo "::error::windows/CMakeLists.txt is missing /utf-8"; exit 1; }
+
+      - name: Verify ci/cp936_repro.cpp covers every non-ASCII char in windows/
+        shell: bash
+        run: python ci/check_unicode_inventory.py
+
+      - name: Verify ci/cp936_repro.cpp has no UTF-8 BOM
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          bom=$(head -c 3 ci/cp936_repro.cpp | od -An -tx1 | tr -d ' \n')
+          if [ "$bom" = "efbbbf" ]; then
+            echo "::error::ci/cp936_repro.cpp must not have a BOM (MSVC would auto-detect UTF-8 and bypass /source-charset:.936)"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+          echo "OK: no BOM"
+
+      - name: CP936 simulation without /utf-8 must fail with C4819/C2220
+        shell: cmd
+        run: |
+          cl /c /WX /source-charset:.936 /execution-charset:.936 /nologo ci\cp936_repro.cpp > cl.log 2>&1
+          set CL_EXIT=%errorlevel%
+          type cl.log
+          if %CL_EXIT% equ 0 (
+            echo ::error::Expected C4819/C2220 but compile succeeded, CP936 simulation is not triggering the bug
+            exit /b 1
+          )
+          findstr /c:"C4819" cl.log >nul
+          if errorlevel 1 (
+            echo ::error::cl.exe failed but did not emit C4819, test is not reproducing the real bug
+            exit /b 1
+          )
+          findstr /c:"C2220" cl.log >nul
+          if errorlevel 1 (
+            echo ::error::cl.exe failed but did not emit C2220, /WX promotion is not working as expected
+            exit /b 1
+          )
+          echo OK: CP936 simulation reproduced C4819/C2220 as expected
+          exit /b 0
+
+      # Note: MSVC refuses `/source-charset:.936` together with `/utf-8`
+      # (error D8016: options are incompatible). On a real Chinese Windows
+      # host, CP936 is NOT a flag; it's an implicit default from GetACP().
+      # `/utf-8` overrides that implicit default. We prove the fix in two
+      # independent invocations: the previous step shows CP936 is hostile
+      # to our bytes; this step shows `/utf-8` makes MSVC read them as UTF-8
+      # and compile cleanly with /WX. Together they imply that on a real
+      # CP936 host, adding `/utf-8` switches MSVC from CP936-mode (fail)
+      # to UTF-8-mode (pass).
+      - name: Compile with /utf-8 must succeed (proves /utf-8 resolves our chars)
+        shell: cmd
+        run: cl /c /WX /utf-8 /nologo ci\cp936_repro.cpp
+
+      - name: Build the example (generates the plugin vcxproj)
+        run: cd example && flutter build windows
+
+      - name: Verify /utf-8 is threaded into the generated plugin vcxproj
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          vcxproj=$(find example/build/windows -name 'camera_desktop_plugin.vcxproj' | head -n1)
+          if [ -z "$vcxproj" ]; then
+            echo "::error::camera_desktop_plugin.vcxproj not found under example/build/windows"
+            find example/build/windows -name '*.vcxproj' || true
+            exit 1
+          fi
+          echo "Inspecting: $vcxproj"
+          if ! grep -q '/utf-8' "$vcxproj"; then
+            echo "::error::/utf-8 missing from $vcxproj, CMake did not thread the flag through"
+            echo "--- vcxproj contents ---"
+            cat "$vcxproj"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+          echo "OK: /utf-8 present in $vcxproj"

plugins/camera_desktop/.gitignore

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+# Miscellaneous
+*.class
+*.log
+*.pyc
+*.swp
+.DS_Store
+.atom/
+.build/
+.buildlog/
+.history
+.svn/
+.swiftpm/
+migrate_working_dir/
+
+# IntelliJ related
+*.iml
+*.ipr
+*.iws
+.idea/
+
+# The .vscode folder contains launch configuration and tasks you configure in
+# VS Code which you may wish to be included in version control, so this line
+# is commented out by default.
+#.vscode/
+
+# Flutter/Dart/Pub related
+# Libraries should not include pubspec.lock, per https://dart.dev/guides/libraries/private-files#pubspeclock.
+/pubspec.lock
+**/doc/api/
+.dart_tool/
+.flutter-plugins-dependencies
+/build/
+/coverage/
+
+# C++ test build artifacts
+linux/test/build/

plugins/camera_desktop/.metadata

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+# This file tracks properties of this Flutter project.
+# Used by Flutter tool to assess capabilities and perform upgrades etc.
+#
+# This file should be version controlled and should not be manually edited.
+
+version:
+  revision: "90673a4eef275d1a6692c26ac80d6d746d41a73a"
+  channel: "stable"
+
+project_type: plugin
+
+# Tracks metadata for the flutter migrate command
+migration:
+  platforms:
+    - platform: root
+      create_revision: 90673a4eef275d1a6692c26ac80d6d746d41a73a
+      base_revision: 90673a4eef275d1a6692c26ac80d6d746d41a73a
+    - platform: linux
+      create_revision: 90673a4eef275d1a6692c26ac80d6d746d41a73a
+      base_revision: 90673a4eef275d1a6692c26ac80d6d746d41a73a
+
+  # User provided section
+
+  # List of Local paths (relative to this file) that should be
+  # ignored by the migrate tool.
+  #
+  # Files that are not part of the templates will be ignored by default.
+  unmanaged_files:
+    - 'lib/main.dart'
+    - 'ios/Runner.xcodeproj/project.pbxproj'

plugins/camera_desktop/.pubignore

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# Build / tooling artifacts
+.dart_tool/
+build/
+.idea/
+*.iml
+
+# Dev/CI helper scripts, not needed by package consumers.
+ci/
+
+# Example Podfile (not needed in the published tarball).
+example/**/Podfile
+example/**/Podfile.lock
+
+# Internal working notes, not for the published package.
+NEW_SUPPORT_ROADMAP.md

plugins/camera_desktop/CHANGELOG.md

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+## 1.2.1
+
+* Fix Linux preview `Internal data stream error` (`not-negotiated`) on cameras that do not expose MJPEG, such as NV12/YUYV-only USB webcams. The MJPEG fast-path added in 1.1.7 was selected whenever its pipeline merely *parsed*, but `gst_parse_launch` succeeds even when the camera cannot produce MJPEG, so the intended raw-capture fallback never ran and initialization failed at `PLAYING`. The plugin now probes the V4L2 device (both `MJPEG` and `JPEG` pixel formats) for the target resolution before choosing the MJPEG path, and otherwise uses the always-safe raw capture path. The MJPEG pipeline pins only the resolution and lets the camera's native frame rate float, with `videorate` adapting it to the requested fps, so requesting a frame rate the camera does not expose natively in MJPEG no longer breaks negotiation. 
+
+## 1.2.0
+
+* Speed up Windows camera initialization by completing `initialize()` as soon as the preview starts instead of blocking until the first camera frame arrives. On a typical webcam this returns control to the app in roughly 250 ms rather than about 2 seconds. The preview fills in as frames arrive, and a watchdog reports a `cameraError` if no frames are received within 8 seconds.
+* Make Windows diagnostic logging opt-in and off by default so the plugin stays quiet in your app. Set the `CAMERA_DESKTOP_LOG` environment variable to any value other than `0` to capture a trace when reporting an issue. This also removes the logging overhead that slowed camera initialization, most noticeably with a debugger or IDE attached.
+
+## 1.1.8
+
+* Fix Windows use-after-free crashes on camera dispose: guard the preview texture against in-flight preview samples, and defer destroying the texture until Flutter's asynchronous `UnregisterTexture` completes (its raster-thread pixel-buffer callback could otherwise run after the texture was freed) (#4)
+
+## 1.1.7
+
+* Fix Windows crash after camera dispose by marshalling platform channel messages to the platform thread (#4)
+* Fix Linux preview `not-negotiated` error on common USB webcams (#5, thanks @jvnonce)
+* Fix Linux recording on systems without `x264enc` (#5, thanks @jvnonce)
+* Report max frame rate across all pixel formats during Linux device enumeration (#5, thanks @jvnonce)
+
+## 1.1.6
+
+* Fix Swift compiler warnings: remove unused variables in DeviceEnumerator, PhotoHandler, RecordHandler, and CameraSession
+
+## 1.1.5
+
+* Fix SPM integration by adding missing FlutterFramework dependency to iOS and macOS Package.swift
+
+## 1.1.4
+
+* Update documentation
+* Remove debug logging from image stream pause/resume and video recording completion
+
+## 1.1.3
+
+* Fix Windows build failure (C4819 / C2220) on hosts with a non-UTF-8 system code page (e.g. CP936 on Simplified Chinese Windows) by compiling the plugin with `/utf-8` under MSVC (#2)
+
+## 1.1.2
+
+* Fix macOS build failure on Xcode 26+ by removing unavailable `AVCaptureSessionInterruptionReasonKey` (re-introduced in 1.1.1)
+* Fix Windows build failure caused by implicit `wchar_t` to `char` conversion in debug logging
+
+## 1.1.1
+
+* Add comprehensive diagnostic logging across all platforms (Linux, macOS, Windows)
+* Log device enumeration, backend selection, pipeline construction, resolution selection, recording lifecycle, and error paths
+
+## 1.1.0
+
+* Add PipeWire camera portal support for Flatpak sandbox compatibility on Linux
+* Automatically detect Flatpak environment and use `pipewiresrc` instead of `v4l2src`
+* Request camera access via `org.freedesktop.portal.Camera` D-Bus interface
+* Enumerate PipeWire camera nodes via `GstDeviceMonitor`
+* Fall back to V4L2 if portal is unavailable or user denies permission
+* No new build dependencies: uses GIO (D-Bus) and GStreamer APIs already linked
+
+## 1.0.8
+
+* Fix macOS build failure on Xcode 26+ by removing unavailable `AVCaptureSessionInterruptionReasonKey` (iOS-only API)
+
+## 1.0.7
+
+* Fix camera initialization failure on Intel Macs by selecting session preset after device discovery using `device.supportsSessionPreset()` with automatic fallback (1080p → 720p → high → medium)
+* Make `canAddInput`/`canAddOutput` failures return a `FlutterError` instead of silently skipping, preventing blank-screen timeouts
+* Increase initialization timeout from 8s to 15s for slower USB cameras
+* Subscribe to `AVCaptureSessionRuntimeError`, `WasInterrupted`, and `InterruptionEnded` notifications and forward to Dart via `cameraError`
+* Fix MethodChannel image stream fallback sending hardcoded `bytesPerRow` instead of actual value from `CVPixelBuffer`
+* Add diagnostic logging at all critical points in macOS session setup
+
+## 1.0.6
+
+* Fix Xcode build warnings by declaring PrivacyInfo.xcprivacy as a resource bundle in iOS and macOS podspecs
+
+## 1.0.5
+
+* Fixes #1: conflict with camera_android and camera_avfoundation dependencies
+
+## 1.0.4
+
+* Fix macOS Swift Package Manager compatibility
+
+## 1.0.3
+
+* Fix hot restart FFI crash by replacing NativeCallable with polling
+
+## 1.0.2
+
+* Fix macOS use-after-free crash during engine teardown by making dispose synchronous/idempotent and guarding FFI callbacks
+
+## 1.0.1
+
+* Fix xcprivacy build warnings by declaring resource_bundles in iOS and macOS podspecs
+
+## 1.0.0
+
+First stable release of `camera_desktop`
+
+### Platform implementations
+
+* **macOS**, AVFoundation (`AVCaptureSession`, `AVAssetWriter`). Preview via `CVPixelBuffer` textures, H.264/AAC recording, native mirror support.
+* **Windows**, Media Foundation (`IMFCaptureEngine`) with Direct3D 11 texture rendering. H.264/AAC recording via `IMFSinkWriter`.
+* **Linux**, GStreamer + V4L2 (`v4l2src → videoconvert → appsink` pipeline). H.264/AAC recording with automatic encoder selection, native mirror via `videoflip`.
+
+### Features
+
+* Live camera preview with hardware-accelerated texture rendering on all platforms
+* Photo capture, video recording, and real-time image streaming
+* FFI-based zero-copy frame delivery (MethodChannel fallback for compatibility)
+* Configurable resolution presets, FPS (5-60), and video bitrate
+* Mirror/flip control (macOS and Linux)
+* Pause/resume preview
+* Runtime capability querying via `getPlatformCapabilities()`
+
+## 0.0.8
+
+* Migrate Windows implementation to IMFCaptureEngine
+
+## 0.0.7
+
+* Update example app to show settings panel
+
+## 0.0.5
+
+* Fix C linkage on Linux
+
+## 0.0.4
+
+* FFI-based image stream for reduced memory copies (3→2 per frame)
+* Fix macOS Swift/ObjC interop for FFI bridge
+* Fix image format reporting (Linux/Windows RGBA vs macOS BGRA)
+
+## 0.0.3
+
+* Performance improvements
+
+## 0.0.2
+
+* Add setMirror API and built-in camera sorting for DeviceEnumerator
+
+## 0.0.1
+
+* Linux camera support via GStreamer + V4L2.
+* macOS camera support via AVFoundation.
+* Windows camera support via Media Foundation.
+* Full `camera_platform_interface` compliance.
+* Photo capture, video recording, image streaming, and live preview.

plugins/camera_desktop/LICENSE

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+MIT License
+
+Copyright (c) 2026 Hugo Cornellier
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.

plugins/camera_desktop/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,199 @@
+<h1 align="center">camera_desktop</h1>
+
+<p align="center">
+<a href="https://flutter.dev"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/Platform-Flutter-02569B?logo=flutter" alt="Platform"></a>
+<a href="https://dart.dev"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/language-Dart-blue" alt="Language: Dart"></a>
+<br>
+<a href="https://pub.dev/packages/camera_desktop"><img src="https://img.shields.io/pub/v/camera_desktop?label=pub.dev&labelColor=333940&logo=dart" alt="Pub Version"></a>
+<a href="https://pub.dev/packages/camera_desktop/score"><img src="https://img.shields.io/pub/points/camera_desktop?color=2E8B57&label=pub%20points" alt="pub points"></a>
+<a href="https://github.com/hugocornellier/camera_desktop/actions/workflows/ci.yml"><img src="https://github.com/hugocornellier/camera_desktop/actions/workflows/ci.yml/badge.svg" alt="Flutter CI"></a>
+<a href="https://github.com/hugocornellier/camera_desktop/blob/main/LICENSE"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/License-MIT-007A88.svg" alt="License"></a>
+</p>
+
+A Flutter camera plugin for desktop platforms. Implements
+[`camera_platform_interface`](https://pub.dev/packages/camera_platform_interface)
+so it works seamlessly with the standard
+[`camera`](https://pub.dev/packages/camera) package and `CameraController`.
+
+## Platform Support
+
+| Platform | Backend | Status |
+|----------|---------|--------|
+| **Linux** | GStreamer + V4L2 | Included |
+| **macOS** | AVFoundation | Included |
+| **Windows** | Media Foundation | Included |
+
+## Installation
+
+Add `camera_desktop` alongside `camera` in your `pubspec.yaml`:
+
+```yaml
+dependencies:
+  camera: ^0.11.0
+  camera_desktop: ^1.2.1
+```
+
+That's it. All three desktop platforms are covered, no additional packages needed.
+
+## Usage
+
+Use the standard `camera` package API:
+
+```dart
+import 'package:camera/camera.dart';
+
+final cameras = await availableCameras();
+final controller = CameraController(cameras.first, ResolutionPreset.high);
+await controller.initialize();
+
+// Preview
+CameraPreview(controller);
+
+// Capture
+final file = await controller.takePicture();
+
+// Record
+await controller.startVideoRecording();
+final video = await controller.stopVideoRecording();
+```
+
+### Advanced Settings
+
+`CameraController` (camera 0.11.x+) accepts optional `fps`, `videoBitrate`, and
+`audioBitrate` parameters at construction time:
+
+```dart
+final controller = CameraController(
+  cameras.first,
+  ResolutionPreset.veryHigh,
+  enableAudio: true,
+  fps: 30,
+  videoBitrate: 5000000,   // 5 Mbps
+  audioBitrate: 128000,    // 128 kbps
+);
+```
+
+These settings are applied during `initialize()`. To change them you must
+`dispose()` the controller and create a new one, see [Limitations](#limitations).
+
+## Platform-Specific Setup
+
+### Linux
+
+Install GStreamer development libraries:
+
+```bash
+# Ubuntu/Debian
+sudo apt install libgstreamer1.0-dev libgstreamer-plugins-base1.0-dev gstreamer1.0-plugins-good
+
+# Fedora
+sudo dnf install gstreamer1-devel gstreamer1-plugins-base-devel gstreamer1-plugins-good
+
+# Arch
+sudo pacman -S gstreamer gst-plugins-base gst-plugins-good
+```
+
+### macOS
+
+Add camera and microphone usage descriptions to your `Info.plist`:
+
+```xml
+<key>NSCameraUsageDescription</key>
+<string>This app needs camera access.</string>
+<key>NSMicrophoneUsageDescription</key>
+<string>This app needs microphone access for video recording.</string>
+```
+
+For sandboxed apps, add to your entitlements:
+
+```xml
+<key>com.apple.security.device.camera</key>
+<true/>
+<key>com.apple.security.device.audio-input</key>
+<true/>
+```
+
+### Windows
+
+No additional setup required.
+
+## Features
+
+| Feature | Linux | macOS | Windows |
+|---------|-------|-------|---------|
+| Camera enumeration | Yes | Yes | Yes |
+| Live preview | Yes | Yes | Yes |
+| Photo capture | Yes | Yes | Yes |
+| Video recording | Yes | Yes | Yes |
+| Image streaming | Yes | Yes | Yes |
+| Audio recording | Yes | Yes | Yes |
+| Resolution presets | Yes | Yes | Yes |
+| Custom FPS | Yes | Yes | Yes |
+| Video bitrate control | Yes | Yes | Yes |
+| Audio bitrate control | Yes | Yes | Yes |
+| Mirror control | Yes | Yes | No (handled in Flutter) |
+
+## Mirror / Flip Behavior
+
+On **macOS** and **Linux**, the preview frames are mirrored at the native capture
+level (like a webcam selfie view), so `buildPreview()` returns the texture as-is.
+The mirror state can be toggled at runtime via `setMirror()`:
+
+```dart
+import 'package:camera_desktop/camera_desktop.dart';
+
+// Toggle mirror at runtime (macOS & Linux only)
+final plugin = CameraDesktopPlugin();
+await plugin.setMirror(cameraId, false); // disable mirror
+await plugin.setMirror(cameraId, true);  // re-enable mirror
+```
+
+On **Windows**, the native backend does not mirror, so the example app wraps the
+preview in a horizontal `Transform` in Flutter:
+
+```dart
+if (Platform.isWindows) {
+  return Transform(
+    alignment: Alignment.center,
+    transform: Matrix4.diagonal3Values(-1, 1, 1),
+    child: Texture(textureId: textureId),
+  );
+}
+```
+
+The same applies to video playback. Recorded files from macOS/Linux are already
+mirrored, while Windows recordings need a Flutter-side flip if you want a
+mirror-style playback.
+
+## Platform Capabilities
+
+Query what the current platform supports at runtime:
+
+```dart
+import 'package:camera_desktop/camera_desktop.dart';
+
+final caps = await CameraDesktopPlugin().getPlatformCapabilities();
+// caps['supportsMirrorControl'] == true  (macOS & Linux)
+// caps['supportsVideoFpsControl'] == true
+// caps['supportsVideoBitrateControl'] == true
+// caps['supportsAudioBitrateControl'] == true
+```
+
+This is useful when building UIs that conditionally expose controls based on the
+running platform.
+
+## Limitations
+
+Desktop cameras generally do not support mobile-oriented features:
+
+- Flash/torch control
+- Exposure/focus point selection
+- Zoom (beyond 1.0x)
+- Device orientation changes
+- Pause/resume video recording
+
+These methods either no-op or throw `CameraException` as appropriate.
+
+`fps`, `videoBitrate`, and `audioBitrate` are applied at initialization and cannot
+be changed on a running controller. To update them, `dispose()` the controller and
+create a new one with the desired settings.

plugins/camera_desktop/analysis_options.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+include: package:flutter_lints/flutter.yaml
+
+# Additional information about this file can be found at
+# https://dart.dev/guides/language/analysis-options

plugins/camera_desktop/android/build.gradle

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+group = "com.hugocornellier.camera_desktop"
+version = "1.0-SNAPSHOT"
+
+buildscript {
+    ext.kotlin_version = "2.1.0"
+    repositories {
+        google()
+        mavenCentral()
+    }
+
+    dependencies {
+        classpath("com.android.tools.build:gradle:8.9.1")
+        classpath("org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-gradle-plugin:$kotlin_version")
+    }
+}
+
+allprojects {
+    repositories {
+        google()
+        mavenCentral()
+    }
+}
+
+apply plugin: "com.android.library"
+apply plugin: "kotlin-android"
+
+android {
+    namespace = "com.hugocornellier.camera_desktop"
+
+    compileSdk = 36
+
+    compileOptions {
+        sourceCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_11
+        targetCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_11
+    }
+
+    kotlinOptions {
+        jvmTarget = JavaVersion.VERSION_11
+    }
+
+    sourceSets {
+        main.java.srcDirs += "src/main/kotlin"
+    }
+
+    defaultConfig {
+        minSdk = 24
+    }
+}

plugins/camera_desktop/android/src/main/AndroidManifest.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+  package="com.hugocornellier.camera_desktop">
+</manifest>

plugins/camera_desktop/android/src/main/kotlin/com/hugocornellier/camera_desktop/CameraDesktopPlugin.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+package com.hugocornellier.camera_desktop
+
+import io.flutter.embedding.engine.plugins.FlutterPlugin
+import io.flutter.plugin.common.MethodCall
+import io.flutter.plugin.common.MethodChannel
+import io.flutter.plugin.common.MethodChannel.MethodCallHandler
+import io.flutter.plugin.common.MethodChannel.Result
+
+/** CameraDesktopPlugin */
+class CameraDesktopPlugin :
+    FlutterPlugin,
+    MethodCallHandler {
+    private lateinit var channel: MethodChannel
+
+    override fun onAttachedToEngine(flutterPluginBinding: FlutterPlugin.FlutterPluginBinding) {
+        channel = MethodChannel(flutterPluginBinding.binaryMessenger, "camera_desktop")
+        channel.setMethodCallHandler(this)
+    }
+
+    override fun onMethodCall(
+        call: MethodCall,
+        result: Result
+    ) {
+        if (call.method == "getPlatformVersion") {
+            result.success("Android ${android.os.Build.VERSION.RELEASE}")
+        } else {
+            result.notImplemented()
+        }
+    }
+
+    override fun onDetachedFromEngine(binding: FlutterPlugin.FlutterPluginBinding) {
+        channel.setMethodCallHandler(null)
+    }
+}

plugins/camera_desktop/ci/check_unicode_inventory.py

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""Assert that every non-ASCII character appearing in windows/*.cpp|*.h also
+appears in ci/cp936_repro.cpp.
+
+Purpose: the CP936 simulation step in CI compiles cp936_repro.cpp to prove that
+/utf-8 resolves C4819 for the exact character set we use. If a new file adds a
+new Unicode character (e.g. a µ in a comment) without updating the synthetic
+repro, CI would silently keep passing while real Simplified-Chinese Windows
+hosts would start failing again.
+
+Run from the repo root. Exits non-zero with a clear message if drift is found.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import pathlib
+import sys
+
+# Windows runners default stdout to CP1252, which cannot encode characters
+# like → or ↔. Force UTF-8 so the diagnostic prints below never raise.
+try:
+    sys.stdout.reconfigure(encoding="utf-8", errors="replace")
+except Exception:
+    pass
+
+
+def non_ascii_chars(path: pathlib.Path) -> set[str]:
+    return {c for c in path.read_text(encoding="utf-8") if ord(c) > 0x7F}
+
+
+def main() -> int:
+    windows_sources = sorted(
+        list(pathlib.Path("windows").glob("*.cpp"))
+        + list(pathlib.Path("windows").glob("*.h"))
+    )
+    if not windows_sources:
+        print("::error::No windows/*.cpp|*.h files found, run from repo root.")
+        return 1
+
+    real: set[str] = set()
+    per_file: dict[str, set[str]] = {}
+    for f in windows_sources:
+        chars = non_ascii_chars(f)
+        if chars:
+            per_file[str(f)] = chars
+        real |= chars
+
+    synthetic_path = pathlib.Path("ci/cp936_repro.cpp")
+    if not synthetic_path.exists():
+        print(f"::error::{synthetic_path} missing.")
+        return 1
+
+    synthetic = non_ascii_chars(synthetic_path)
+
+    missing = real - synthetic
+    if missing:
+        print("::error::ci/cp936_repro.cpp is missing characters used in windows/ sources.")
+        print("Missing:")
+        for c in sorted(missing):
+            sources = [f for f, cs in per_file.items() if c in cs]
+            print(f"  U+{ord(c):04X}  {c!r}  (in: {', '.join(sources)})")
+        print()
+        print("Fix: add these characters to ci/cp936_repro.cpp so the CP936 CI")
+        print("simulation stays representative of the real sources.")
+        return 1
+
+    print(f"OK: all {len(real)} non-ASCII chars in windows/ are covered by {synthetic_path}.")
+    for c in sorted(real):
+        print(f"  U+{ord(c):04X}  {c}")
+    return 0
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    sys.exit(main())

plugins/camera_desktop/ci/cp936_repro.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+// Synthetic CP936-reproduction file for CI.
+//
+// This file deliberately contains every non-ASCII character that appears in
+// windows/*.cpp and windows/*.h, so that compiling it with
+//   cl /c /WX /source-charset:.936 /execution-charset:.936
+// reproduces the exact C4819 / C2220 failure that users see on Simplified
+// Chinese Windows hosts (where GetACP() == 936 / GBK).
+//
+// DO NOT add a BOM to this file. With a BOM, MSVC auto-detects UTF-8 and
+// ignores /source-charset:.936, which would defeat the test.
+//
+// If you add a new non-ASCII character anywhere under windows/, the CI step
+// `ci/check_unicode_inventory.py` will fail until you add that character
+// here. Keep the inventory below in sync.
+//
+// Covered characters (also listed explicitly so a byte-level grep for the
+// UTF-8 sequences finds them here):
+//   U+2026 HORIZONTAL ELLIPSIS          …
+//   U+2192 RIGHTWARDS ARROW             →
+//   U+2194 LEFT RIGHT ARROW             ↔
+//   U+2264 LESS-THAN OR EQUAL TO        ≤
+//   U+2500 BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT HORIZONTAL ─
+//
+// No code needed: /c (compile only) is sufficient to trigger C4819 on the
+// comment bytes above.

plugins/camera_desktop/example/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+# Miscellaneous
+*.class
+*.log
+*.pyc
+*.swp
+.DS_Store
+.atom/
+.build/
+.buildlog/
+.history
+.svn/
+.swiftpm/
+migrate_working_dir/
+
+# IntelliJ related
+*.iml
+*.ipr
+*.iws
+.idea/
+
+# The .vscode folder contains launch configuration and tasks you configure in
+# VS Code which you may wish to be included in version control, so this line
+# is commented out by default.
+#.vscode/
+
+# Flutter/Dart/Pub related
+**/doc/api/
+**/ios/Flutter/.last_build_id
+.dart_tool/
+.flutter-plugins-dependencies
+.pub-cache/
+.pub/
+/build/
+/coverage/
+
+# Symbolication related
+app.*.symbols
+
+# Obfuscation related
+app.*.map.json
+
+# Android Studio will place build artifacts here
+/android/app/debug
+/android/app/profile
+/android/app/release

plugins/camera_desktop/example/.metadata

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+# This file tracks properties of this Flutter project.
+# Used by Flutter tool to assess capabilities and perform upgrades etc.
+#
+# This file should be version controlled and should not be manually edited.
+
+version:
+  revision: "90673a4eef275d1a6692c26ac80d6d746d41a73a"
+  channel: "stable"
+
+project_type: app
+
+# Tracks metadata for the flutter migrate command
+migration:
+  platforms:
+    - platform: root
+      create_revision: 90673a4eef275d1a6692c26ac80d6d746d41a73a
+      base_revision: 90673a4eef275d1a6692c26ac80d6d746d41a73a
+    - platform: macos
+      create_revision: 90673a4eef275d1a6692c26ac80d6d746d41a73a
+      base_revision: 90673a4eef275d1a6692c26ac80d6d746d41a73a
+
+  # User provided section
+
+  # List of Local paths (relative to this file) that should be
+  # ignored by the migrate tool.
+  #
+  # Files that are not part of the templates will be ignored by default.
+  unmanaged_files:
+    - 'lib/main.dart'
+    - 'ios/Runner.xcodeproj/project.pbxproj'

plugins/camera_desktop/example/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+# camera_desktop_example
+
+Demonstrates how to use the camera_desktop plugin.
+
+## Getting Started
+
+This project is a starting point for a Flutter application.
+
+A few resources to get you started if this is your first Flutter project:
+
+- [Learn Flutter](https://docs.flutter.dev/get-started/learn-flutter)
+- [Write your first Flutter app](https://docs.flutter.dev/get-started/codelab)
+- [Flutter learning resources](https://docs.flutter.dev/reference/learning-resources)
+
+For help getting started with Flutter development, view the
+[online documentation](https://docs.flutter.dev/), which offers tutorials,
+samples, guidance on mobile development, and a full API reference.

plugins/camera_desktop/example/analysis_options.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+# This file configures the analyzer, which statically analyzes Dart code to
+# check for errors, warnings, and lints.
+#
+# The issues identified by the analyzer are surfaced in the UI of Dart-enabled
+# IDEs (https://dart.dev/tools#ides-and-editors). The analyzer can also be
+# invoked from the command line by running `flutter analyze`.
+
+# The following line activates a set of recommended lints for Flutter apps,
+# packages, and plugins designed to encourage good coding practices.
+include: package:flutter_lints/flutter.yaml
+
+linter:
+  # The lint rules applied to this project can be customized in the
+  # section below to disable rules from the `package:flutter_lints/flutter.yaml`
+  # included above or to enable additional rules. A list of all available lints
+  # and their documentation is published at https://dart.dev/lints.
+  #
+  # Instead of disabling a lint rule for the entire project in the
+  # section below, it can also be suppressed for a single line of code
+  # or a specific dart file by using the `// ignore: name_of_lint` and
+  # `// ignore_for_file: name_of_lint` syntax on the line or in the file
+  # producing the lint.
+  rules:
+    # avoid_print: false  # Uncomment to disable the `avoid_print` rule
+    # prefer_single_quotes: true  # Uncomment to enable the `prefer_single_quotes` rule
+
+# Additional information about this file can be found at
+# https://dart.dev/guides/language/analysis-options

plugins/camera_desktop/example/integration_test/image_stream_dispose_test.dart

@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+import 'package:camera_platform_interface/camera_platform_interface.dart';
+import 'package:flutter_test/flutter_test.dart';
+import 'package:integration_test/integration_test.dart';
+import 'package:camera_desktop/camera_desktop.dart';
+import 'package:camera_desktop/src/image_stream_ffi.dart';
+
+/// End-to-end proof for the orphaned-poller fix, using the REAL camera + real
+/// FFI poller.
+///
+/// Scenario: an app starts an image stream and then disposes the camera WITHOUT
+/// cancelling the stream subscription (exactly what `CameraController.dispose()`
+/// does — it never stops image streams). Before the fix, the 8ms FFI poll timer
+/// kept firing forever after the camera was gone. After the fix, `dispose()`
+/// stops it.
+///
+/// We observe the real `ImageStreamFfi.pollCount` (number of poll ticks) before
+/// and after `dispose()`: it must stop advancing.
+void main() {
+  IntegrationTestWidgetsFlutterBinding.ensureInitialized();
+
+  testWidgets(
+    'disposing a streaming camera stops the FFI poll timer (no leak)',
+    (WidgetTester tester) async {
+      final plugin = CameraPlatform.instance as CameraDesktopPlugin;
+
+      // Capture the real FFI poller created for this stream (the default
+      // factory is ImageStreamFfi.tryCreate, which succeeds in a real build).
+      ImageStreamFfi? realPoller;
+      final defaultFactory = plugin.imageStreamPollerFactory;
+      plugin.imageStreamPollerFactory = (handle) {
+        final poller = defaultFactory(handle);
+        realPoller = poller as ImageStreamFfi?;
+        return poller;
+      };
+      addTearDown(() => plugin.imageStreamPollerFactory = defaultFactory);
+
+      final cameras = await plugin.availableCameras();
+      // ignore: avoid_print
+      print('[poller-leak-test] cameras found: ${cameras.length}');
+      if (cameras.isEmpty) {
+        markTestSkipped('No camera available on this machine.');
+        return;
+      }
+
+      final cameraId = await plugin.createCameraWithSettings(
+        cameras.first,
+        const MediaSettings(resolutionPreset: ResolutionPreset.low),
+      );
+
+      try {
+        await plugin.initializeCamera(cameraId);
+      } on CameraException catch (e) {
+        await plugin.dispose(cameraId);
+        markTestSkipped('Camera initialize failed: ${e.code} ${e.description}');
+        return;
+      }
+
+      // Start streaming. Critically: DO NOT cancel this subscription.
+      final sub = plugin.onStreamedFrameAvailable(cameraId).listen((_) {});
+
+      // Allow onListen (startImageStream round-trip) + several poll ticks.
+      await tester.pump();
+      await Future<void>.delayed(const Duration(milliseconds: 500));
+
+      expect(
+        realPoller,
+        isNotNull,
+        reason: 'FFI fast path should be active in a real macOS build',
+      );
+      final pollsWhileStreaming = realPoller!.pollCount;
+      expect(
+        pollsWhileStreaming,
+        greaterThan(0),
+        reason: 'the poll timer should be running while streaming',
+      );
+
+      // Dispose the camera WITHOUT cancelling the subscription — the leak path.
+      await plugin.dispose(cameraId);
+
+      final pollsAtDispose = realPoller!.pollCount;
+      await Future<void>.delayed(const Duration(milliseconds: 600));
+      final pollsAfterWait = realPoller!.pollCount;
+
+      // ignore: avoid_print
+      print(
+        '[poller-leak-test] polls: whileStreaming=$pollsWhileStreaming '
+        'atDispose=$pollsAtDispose afterWait(+600ms)=$pollsAfterWait',
+      );
+
+      expect(
+        pollsAfterWait,
+        equals(pollsAtDispose),
+        reason: 'after dispose the poll timer MUST be stopped; before the fix '
+            'it keeps firing ~125x/sec forever',
+      );
+
+      await sub.cancel();
+    },
+    timeout: const Timeout(Duration(seconds: 90)),
+  );
+}

plugins/camera_desktop/example/integration_test/plugin_integration_test.dart

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+import 'package:camera_platform_interface/camera_platform_interface.dart';
+import 'package:flutter_test/flutter_test.dart';
+import 'package:integration_test/integration_test.dart';
+import 'package:camera_desktop/camera_desktop.dart';
+
+void main() {
+  IntegrationTestWidgetsFlutterBinding.ensureInitialized();
+
+  testWidgets('CameraDesktopPlugin is registered as CameraPlatform', (
+    WidgetTester tester,
+  ) async {
+    // On Linux, CameraDesktopPlugin should be auto-registered via registerWith().
+    expect(CameraPlatform.instance, isA<CameraDesktopPlugin>());
+  });
+
+  testWidgets('availableCameras returns a list', (WidgetTester tester) async {
+    final cameras = await CameraPlatform.instance.availableCameras();
+    // On a machine with no cameras this may be empty, but it shouldn't throw.
+    expect(cameras, isA<List<CameraDescription>>());
+  });
+}

plugins/camera_desktop/example/lib/gallery_page.dart

@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+import 'dart:io';
+
+import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
+
+import 'photo_viewer_page.dart';
+import 'recent_media.dart';
+import 'video_player_page.dart';
+
+class GalleryPage extends StatelessWidget {
+  const GalleryPage({super.key, required this.items});
+
+  final List<MediaEntry> items;
+
+  @override
+  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
+    return Scaffold(
+      appBar: AppBar(
+        title: Text(
+          'Gallery (${items.length} of ${RecentMediaStore.maxItems})',
+        ),
+      ),
+      body: Column(
+        children: [
+          _buildBanner(context),
+          Expanded(
+            child: items.isEmpty ? _buildEmptyState() : _buildGrid(context),
+          ),
+        ],
+      ),
+    );
+  }
+
+  Widget _buildBanner(BuildContext context) {
+    final theme = Theme.of(context);
+    return Container(
+      width: double.infinity,
+      margin: const EdgeInsets.all(12),
+      padding: const EdgeInsets.symmetric(horizontal: 16, vertical: 10),
+      decoration: BoxDecoration(
+        color: theme.colorScheme.surfaceContainerHighest,
+        borderRadius: BorderRadius.circular(8),
+      ),
+      child: Row(
+        children: [
+          Icon(
+            Icons.info_outline,
+            size: 20,
+            color: theme.colorScheme.onSurfaceVariant,
+          ),
+          const SizedBox(width: 12),
+          Text(
+            'STORES MOST RECENT ${RecentMediaStore.maxItems} ITEMS ONLY',
+            style: theme.textTheme.bodyMedium?.copyWith(
+              color: theme.colorScheme.onSurfaceVariant,
+              fontWeight: FontWeight.w600,
+            ),
+          ),
+        ],
+      ),
+    );
+  }
+
+  Widget _buildEmptyState() {
+    return const Center(
+      child: Column(
+        mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,
+        children: [
+          Icon(Icons.photo_library_outlined, size: 64, color: Colors.grey),
+          SizedBox(height: 16),
+          Text(
+            'No photos or videos yet',
+            style: TextStyle(color: Colors.grey, fontSize: 16),
+          ),
+        ],
+      ),
+    );
+  }
+
+  Widget _buildGrid(BuildContext context) {
+    final width = MediaQuery.sizeOf(context).width;
+    final crossAxisCount = width > 900
+        ? 4
+        : width > 600
+        ? 3
+        : 2;
+
+    return GridView.builder(
+      padding: const EdgeInsets.all(8),
+      gridDelegate: SliverGridDelegateWithFixedCrossAxisCount(
+        crossAxisCount: crossAxisCount,
+        crossAxisSpacing: 4,
+        mainAxisSpacing: 4,
+      ),
+      itemCount: items.length,
+      itemBuilder: (context, index) {
+        final item = items[index];
+        return GestureDetector(
+          onTap: () => _onItemTap(context, item, index),
+          child: ClipRRect(
+            borderRadius: BorderRadius.circular(8),
+            child: item.isVideo
+                ? _buildVideoThumbnail()
+                : _buildPhotoThumbnail(item),
+          ),
+        );
+      },
+    );
+  }
+
+  void _onItemTap(BuildContext context, MediaEntry item, int index) {
+    if (item.isVideo) {
+      Navigator.push(
+        context,
+        MaterialPageRoute(builder: (_) => VideoPlayerPage(path: item.path)),
+      );
+    } else {
+      // Collect only photo entries and find the adjusted index.
+      final photoItems = items.where((e) => e.isPhoto).toList();
+      final photoIndex = photoItems.indexOf(item);
+      Navigator.push(
+        context,
+        MaterialPageRoute(
+          builder: (_) => PhotoViewerPage(
+            items: photoItems,
+            initialIndex: photoIndex >= 0 ? photoIndex : 0,
+          ),
+        ),
+      );
+    }
+  }
+
+  Widget _buildVideoThumbnail() {
+    return Stack(
+      fit: StackFit.expand,
+      children: [
+        Container(color: Colors.grey.shade800),
+        const Center(
+          child: Icon(Icons.play_circle_fill, size: 48, color: Colors.white70),
+        ),
+      ],
+    );
+  }
+
+  Widget _buildPhotoThumbnail(MediaEntry item) {
+    return Image.file(
+      File(item.path),
+      fit: BoxFit.cover,
+      cacheWidth: 300,
+      errorBuilder: (_, error, stackTrace) => Container(
+        color: Colors.grey.shade200,
+        child: const Icon(Icons.broken_image, color: Colors.grey),
+      ),
+    );
+  }
+}

plugins/camera_desktop/example/lib/main.dart

@@ -0,0 +1,719 @@
+import 'dart:async';
+import 'dart:io';
+
+import 'package:camera/camera.dart';
+import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
+import 'package:media_kit/media_kit.dart';
+
+import 'gallery_page.dart';
+import 'photo_viewer_page.dart';
+import 'recent_media.dart';
+import 'video_player_page.dart';
+
+void main() {
+  WidgetsFlutterBinding.ensureInitialized();
+  MediaKit.ensureInitialized();
+  runApp(const CameraExampleApp());
+}
+
+class CameraExampleApp extends StatelessWidget {
+  const CameraExampleApp({super.key});
+
+  @override
+  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
+    return MaterialApp(
+      title: 'Camera Desktop Example',
+      // Workaround for an upstream Flutter Linux freeze (flutter/flutter#153560,
+      // still open): the GTK/AT-SPI accessibility bridge blocks the UI thread on
+      // a synchronous D-Bus call while walking the semantics tree when an
+      // AT-SPI client is active (e.g. on settings changes here). Wrapping the
+      // Navigator in ExcludeSemantics prunes the app's accessibility tree,
+      // including overlay routes like dropdown popups, which avoids the hang.
+      // Trade-off: in-app screen-reader support is disabled. Remove this once
+      // the upstream bug is fixed if you need accessibility.
+      builder: (context, child) => ExcludeSemantics(child: child!),
+      home: const CameraExamplePage(),
+    );
+  }
+}
+
+enum CaptureMode { photo, video }
+
+const List<int> kFpsOptions = [15, 24, 30, 60];
+
+const List<({int value, String label})> kVideoBitrateOptions = [
+  (value: 1000000, label: '1 Mbps'),
+  (value: 2500000, label: '2.5 Mbps'),
+  (value: 5000000, label: '5 Mbps'),
+  (value: 10000000, label: '10 Mbps'),
+  (value: 20000000, label: '20 Mbps'),
+];
+
+const List<({int value, String label})> kAudioBitrateOptions = [
+  (value: 64000, label: '64 kbps'),
+  (value: 128000, label: '128 kbps'),
+  (value: 192000, label: '192 kbps'),
+  (value: 256000, label: '256 kbps'),
+];
+
+class CameraExamplePage extends StatefulWidget {
+  const CameraExamplePage({super.key});
+
+  @override
+  State<CameraExamplePage> createState() => _CameraExamplePageState();
+}
+
+class _CameraExamplePageState extends State<CameraExamplePage> {
+  CameraController? _controller;
+  List<CameraDescription> _cameras = [];
+  String? _errorMessage;
+  bool _isInitialized = false;
+  bool _isCapturing = false;
+
+  CaptureMode _mode = CaptureMode.photo;
+  bool _isRecording = false;
+  bool _isStoppingRecording = false;
+  Duration _recordingDuration = Duration.zero;
+  Timer? _recordingTimer;
+  int _nextPendingVideoId = 1;
+  final List<_PendingVideo> _pendingVideos = <_PendingVideo>[];
+
+  // Settings state, these drive the CameraController constructor.
+  int _selectedCameraIndex = 0;
+  ResolutionPreset _resolutionPreset = ResolutionPreset.veryHigh;
+  int _fps = 30;
+  int _videoBitrate = 5000000;
+  int _audioBitrate = 128000;
+  bool _enableAudio = true;
+  bool _showSettings = false;
+  bool _isReinitializing = false;
+
+  final RecentMediaStore _mediaStore = RecentMediaStore();
+
+  @override
+  void initState() {
+    super.initState();
+    _initCamera();
+  }
+
+  Future<void> _initCamera() async {
+    try {
+      _cameras = await availableCameras();
+      if (_cameras.isEmpty) {
+        setState(() => _errorMessage = 'No cameras found');
+        return;
+      }
+      await _createAndInitController();
+    } on CameraException catch (e) {
+      setState(() => _errorMessage = 'Camera error: ${e.description}');
+    } catch (e) {
+      setState(() => _errorMessage = 'Error: $e');
+    }
+  }
+
+  Future<void> _createAndInitController() async {
+    final controller = CameraController(
+      _cameras[_selectedCameraIndex],
+      _resolutionPreset,
+      enableAudio: _enableAudio,
+      fps: _fps,
+      videoBitrate: _videoBitrate,
+      audioBitrate: _audioBitrate,
+    );
+
+    await controller.initialize();
+    if (!mounted) return;
+
+    setState(() {
+      _controller = controller;
+      _isInitialized = true;
+      _isReinitializing = false;
+      _errorMessage = null;
+    });
+  }
+
+  Future<void> _reinitCamera() async {
+    if (_isRecording || _isStoppingRecording) return;
+
+    setState(() {
+      _isReinitializing = true;
+      _isInitialized = false;
+    });
+
+    await _controller?.dispose();
+    _controller = null;
+
+    try {
+      await _createAndInitController();
+    } on CameraException catch (e) {
+      if (!mounted) return;
+      setState(() {
+        _isReinitializing = false;
+        _errorMessage = 'Camera error: ${e.description}';
+      });
+    } catch (e) {
+      if (!mounted) return;
+      setState(() {
+        _isReinitializing = false;
+        _errorMessage = 'Error: $e';
+      });
+    }
+  }
+
+  Future<void> _takePicture() async {
+    if (_controller == null || !_isInitialized || _isCapturing) return;
+    setState(() => _isCapturing = true);
+    try {
+      final file = await _controller!.takePicture();
+      if (!mounted) return;
+      _mediaStore.add(file.path, MediaType.photo);
+      setState(() => _errorMessage = null);
+    } on CameraException catch (e) {
+      if (!mounted) return;
+      ScaffoldMessenger.of(context).showSnackBar(
+        SnackBar(content: Text('Capture failed: ${e.description}')),
+      );
+    } finally {
+      if (mounted) setState(() => _isCapturing = false);
+    }
+  }
+
+  Future<void> _startRecording() async {
+    if (_controller == null || !_isInitialized || _isRecording) return;
+    try {
+      await _controller!.startVideoRecording();
+      if (!mounted) return;
+      setState(() {
+        _isRecording = true;
+        _recordingDuration = Duration.zero;
+      });
+      _recordingTimer = Timer.periodic(const Duration(seconds: 1), (_) {
+        if (mounted) {
+          setState(() => _recordingDuration += const Duration(seconds: 1));
+        }
+      });
+    } on CameraException catch (e) {
+      if (!mounted) return;
+      ScaffoldMessenger.of(context).showSnackBar(
+        SnackBar(content: Text('Recording failed: ${e.description}')),
+      );
+    }
+  }
+
+  Future<void> _stopRecording() async {
+    if (!_isRecording || _isStoppingRecording || _controller == null) return;
+    _recordingTimer?.cancel();
+    final pendingId = _nextPendingVideoId++;
+    setState(() {
+      _isRecording = false;
+      _isStoppingRecording = true;
+      _pendingVideos.insert(0, _PendingVideo(id: pendingId));
+    });
+
+    unawaited(_finalizeVideoStop(pendingId));
+  }
+
+  Future<void> _finalizeVideoStop(int pendingId) async {
+    try {
+      final file = await _controller!.stopVideoRecording();
+      if (!mounted) return;
+      _mediaStore.add(file.path, MediaType.video);
+      setState(() {
+        _isStoppingRecording = false;
+        _pendingVideos.removeWhere((p) => p.id == pendingId);
+      });
+    } on CameraException catch (e) {
+      if (!mounted) return;
+      setState(() {
+        _isStoppingRecording = false;
+        _pendingVideos.removeWhere((p) => p.id == pendingId);
+      });
+      ScaffoldMessenger.of(context).showSnackBar(
+        SnackBar(content: Text('Stop recording failed: ${e.description}')),
+      );
+    } catch (e) {
+      if (!mounted) return;
+      setState(() {
+        _isStoppingRecording = false;
+        _pendingVideos.removeWhere((p) => p.id == pendingId);
+      });
+      ScaffoldMessenger.of(
+        context,
+      ).showSnackBar(SnackBar(content: Text('Stop recording failed: $e')));
+    }
+  }
+
+  String _formatTimer(Duration d) {
+    final minutes = d.inMinutes.remainder(60).toString().padLeft(2, '0');
+    final seconds = d.inSeconds.remainder(60).toString().padLeft(2, '0');
+    return '$minutes:$seconds';
+  }
+
+  @override
+  void dispose() {
+    _recordingTimer?.cancel();
+    _controller?.dispose();
+    _mediaStore.dispose();
+    super.dispose();
+  }
+
+  @override
+  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
+    return Scaffold(
+      appBar: AppBar(
+        title: const Text('Camera Desktop Example'),
+        actions: [
+          IconButton(
+            icon: Icon(
+              _showSettings ? Icons.settings : Icons.settings_outlined,
+            ),
+            tooltip: 'Settings',
+            onPressed: _isRecording
+                ? null
+                : () => setState(() => _showSettings = !_showSettings),
+          ),
+          IconButton(
+            icon: Badge(
+              label: Text('${_mediaStore.count + _pendingVideos.length}'),
+              isLabelVisible:
+                  _mediaStore.isNotEmpty || _pendingVideos.isNotEmpty,
+              child: const Icon(Icons.photo_library),
+            ),
+            tooltip:
+                'Gallery (${_mediaStore.count + _pendingVideos.length}/${RecentMediaStore.maxItems})',
+            onPressed: () => Navigator.push(
+              context,
+              MaterialPageRoute(
+                builder: (_) => GalleryPage(items: _mediaStore.items),
+              ),
+            ),
+          ),
+        ],
+      ),
+      body: Column(
+        children: [
+          Expanded(child: _buildPreview()),
+          if (_showSettings && _isInitialized) _buildSettingsPanel(),
+          if (_isInitialized) _buildControlBar(),
+          if (_mediaStore.isNotEmpty || _pendingVideos.isNotEmpty)
+            _buildThumbnailStrip(),
+          if (_errorMessage != null && !_isInitialized)
+            Padding(
+              padding: const EdgeInsets.all(8.0),
+              child: Text(
+                _errorMessage!,
+                style: const TextStyle(color: Colors.red),
+              ),
+            ),
+        ],
+      ),
+    );
+  }
+
+  Widget _buildPreview() {
+    if (_errorMessage != null && !_isInitialized && !_isReinitializing) {
+      return Center(child: Text(_errorMessage!));
+    }
+    if (!_isInitialized || _controller == null) {
+      return const Center(child: CircularProgressIndicator());
+    }
+    return Stack(
+      children: [
+        Center(child: CameraPreview(_controller!)),
+        if (_isRecording)
+          Positioned(
+            top: 16,
+            left: 0,
+            right: 0,
+            child: Center(
+              child: Container(
+                padding: const EdgeInsets.symmetric(
+                  horizontal: 12,
+                  vertical: 6,
+                ),
+                decoration: BoxDecoration(
+                  color: Colors.black54,
+                  borderRadius: BorderRadius.circular(16),
+                ),
+                child: Row(
+                  mainAxisSize: MainAxisSize.min,
+                  children: [
+                    const Icon(
+                      Icons.fiber_manual_record,
+                      color: Colors.red,
+                      size: 14,
+                    ),
+                    const SizedBox(width: 6),
+                    Text(
+                      'REC ${_formatTimer(_recordingDuration)}',
+                      style: const TextStyle(
+                        color: Colors.white,
+                        fontSize: 14,
+                        fontWeight: FontWeight.w600,
+                      ),
+                    ),
+                  ],
+                ),
+              ),
+            ),
+          ),
+      ],
+    );
+  }
+
+  String _resolutionLabel(ResolutionPreset preset) {
+    return switch (preset) {
+      ResolutionPreset.low => 'Low (240p)',
+      ResolutionPreset.medium => 'Medium (480p)',
+      ResolutionPreset.high => 'High (720p)',
+      ResolutionPreset.veryHigh => 'Very High (1080p)',
+      ResolutionPreset.ultraHigh => 'Ultra High (4K)',
+      ResolutionPreset.max => 'Max',
+    };
+  }
+
+  Widget _buildSettingsPanel() {
+    final theme = Theme.of(context);
+    return Container(
+      width: double.infinity,
+      padding: const EdgeInsets.symmetric(horizontal: 16, vertical: 12),
+      decoration: BoxDecoration(
+        color: theme.colorScheme.surfaceContainerHighest,
+        border: Border(
+          top: BorderSide(color: theme.colorScheme.outlineVariant),
+        ),
+      ),
+      child: Wrap(
+        spacing: 24,
+        runSpacing: 12,
+        children: [
+          if (_cameras.length > 1)
+            _buildDropdownSetting<int>(
+              label: 'Camera',
+              value: _selectedCameraIndex,
+              items: [
+                for (var i = 0; i < _cameras.length; i++)
+                  DropdownMenuItem(value: i, child: Text(_cameras[i].name)),
+              ],
+              onChanged: (v) {
+                if (v == null || v == _selectedCameraIndex) return;
+                setState(() => _selectedCameraIndex = v);
+                _reinitCamera();
+              },
+            ),
+          _buildDropdownSetting<ResolutionPreset>(
+            label: 'Resolution',
+            value: _resolutionPreset,
+            items: ResolutionPreset.values
+                .map(
+                  (p) => DropdownMenuItem(
+                    value: p,
+                    child: Text(_resolutionLabel(p)),
+                  ),
+                )
+                .toList(),
+            onChanged: (v) {
+              if (v == null || v == _resolutionPreset) return;
+              setState(() => _resolutionPreset = v);
+              _reinitCamera();
+            },
+          ),
+          _buildDropdownSetting<int>(
+            label: 'FPS',
+            value: _fps,
+            items: kFpsOptions
+                .map((f) => DropdownMenuItem(value: f, child: Text('$f fps')))
+                .toList(),
+            onChanged: (v) {
+              if (v == null || v == _fps) return;
+              setState(() => _fps = v);
+              _reinitCamera();
+            },
+          ),
+          _buildDropdownSetting<int>(
+            label: 'Video Bitrate',
+            value: _videoBitrate,
+            items: kVideoBitrateOptions
+                .map(
+                  (o) => DropdownMenuItem(value: o.value, child: Text(o.label)),
+                )
+                .toList(),
+            onChanged: (v) {
+              if (v == null || v == _videoBitrate) return;
+              setState(() => _videoBitrate = v);
+              _reinitCamera();
+            },
+          ),
+          _buildDropdownSetting<int>(
+            label: 'Audio Bitrate',
+            value: _audioBitrate,
+            items: kAudioBitrateOptions
+                .map(
+                  (o) => DropdownMenuItem(value: o.value, child: Text(o.label)),
+                )
+                .toList(),
+            onChanged: (v) {
+              if (v == null || v == _audioBitrate) return;
+              setState(() => _audioBitrate = v);
+              _reinitCamera();
+            },
+          ),
+          _buildSwitchSetting(
+            label: 'Audio',
+            value: _enableAudio,
+            onChanged: (v) {
+              setState(() => _enableAudio = v);
+              _reinitCamera();
+            },
+          ),
+        ],
+      ),
+    );
+  }
+
+  Widget _buildDropdownSetting<T>({
+    required String label,
+    required T value,
+    required List<DropdownMenuItem<T>> items,
+    required ValueChanged<T?> onChanged,
+  }) {
+    return Row(
+      mainAxisSize: MainAxisSize.min,
+      children: [
+        Text(
+          '$label: ',
+          style: Theme.of(
+            context,
+          ).textTheme.bodyMedium?.copyWith(fontWeight: FontWeight.w500),
+        ),
+        DropdownButton<T>(
+          value: value,
+          items: items,
+          onChanged: _isReinitializing ? null : onChanged,
+          underline: const SizedBox.shrink(),
+          isDense: true,
+        ),
+      ],
+    );
+  }
+
+  Widget _buildSwitchSetting({
+    required String label,
+    required bool value,
+    required ValueChanged<bool> onChanged,
+  }) {
+    return Row(
+      mainAxisSize: MainAxisSize.min,
+      children: [
+        Text(
+          '$label: ',
+          style: Theme.of(
+            context,
+          ).textTheme.bodyMedium?.copyWith(fontWeight: FontWeight.w500),
+        ),
+        Switch(value: value, onChanged: _isReinitializing ? null : onChanged),
+      ],
+    );
+  }
+
+  Widget _buildControlBar() {
+    return Container(
+      padding: const EdgeInsets.symmetric(vertical: 12, horizontal: 16),
+      child: Row(
+        mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,
+        children: [
+          SegmentedButton<CaptureMode>(
+            segments: const [
+              ButtonSegment(
+                value: CaptureMode.photo,
+                icon: Icon(Icons.camera_alt),
+              ),
+              ButtonSegment(
+                value: CaptureMode.video,
+                icon: Icon(Icons.videocam),
+              ),
+            ],
+            selected: {_mode},
+            onSelectionChanged: _isRecording
+                ? null
+                : (selection) => setState(() => _mode = selection.first),
+          ),
+          const SizedBox(width: 24),
+          _buildCaptureButton(),
+        ],
+      ),
+    );
+  }
+
+  Widget _buildCaptureButton() {
+    if (_mode == CaptureMode.photo) {
+      return FloatingActionButton(
+        onPressed: _isCapturing ? null : _takePicture,
+        backgroundColor: Colors.white,
+        foregroundColor: Colors.black87,
+        child: _isCapturing
+            ? const SizedBox(
+                width: 24,
+                height: 24,
+                child: CircularProgressIndicator(strokeWidth: 2),
+              )
+            : const Icon(Icons.camera_alt),
+      );
+    }
+
+    // Video mode
+    if (_isRecording) {
+      return FloatingActionButton(
+        onPressed: _stopRecording,
+        backgroundColor: Colors.red,
+        foregroundColor: Colors.white,
+        child: const Icon(Icons.stop),
+      );
+    }
+
+    return FloatingActionButton(
+      onPressed: _isStoppingRecording ? null : _startRecording,
+      backgroundColor: Colors.red,
+      foregroundColor: Colors.white,
+      child: _isStoppingRecording
+          ? const SizedBox(
+              width: 24,
+              height: 24,
+              child: CircularProgressIndicator(
+                strokeWidth: 2,
+                color: Colors.white,
+              ),
+            )
+          : const Icon(Icons.fiber_manual_record),
+    );
+  }
+
+  Widget _buildThumbnailStrip() {
+    final items = _mediaStore.items;
+    final pendingCount = _pendingVideos.length;
+    return SizedBox(
+      height: 72,
+      child: ListView.builder(
+        scrollDirection: Axis.horizontal,
+        padding: const EdgeInsets.symmetric(horizontal: 8, vertical: 4),
+        itemCount: pendingCount + items.length,
+        itemBuilder: (context, index) {
+          final isPending = index < pendingCount;
+          final item = isPending ? null : items[index - pendingCount];
+          return Padding(
+            padding: const EdgeInsets.symmetric(horizontal: 4),
+            child: GestureDetector(
+              onTap: () {
+                if (isPending) {
+                  ScaffoldMessenger.of(context).showSnackBar(
+                    const SnackBar(
+                      content: Text('Video is still processing. Please wait.'),
+                    ),
+                  );
+                } else {
+                  _onThumbnailTap(item!, index - pendingCount);
+                }
+              },
+              child: ClipRRect(
+                borderRadius: BorderRadius.circular(8),
+                child: SizedBox(
+                  width: 64,
+                  height: 64,
+                  child: isPending
+                      ? _buildPendingVideoThumbnail()
+                      : item!.isVideo
+                      ? _buildVideoThumbnail()
+                      : _buildPhotoThumbnail(item),
+                ),
+              ),
+            ),
+          );
+        },
+      ),
+    );
+  }
+
+  void _onThumbnailTap(MediaEntry item, int index) {
+    if (item.isVideo) {
+      Navigator.push(
+        context,
+        MaterialPageRoute(builder: (_) => VideoPlayerPage(path: item.path)),
+      );
+    } else {
+      final photoItems = _mediaStore.items.where((e) => e.isPhoto).toList();
+      final photoIndex = photoItems.indexOf(item);
+      Navigator.push(
+        context,
+        MaterialPageRoute(
+          builder: (_) => PhotoViewerPage(
+            items: photoItems,
+            initialIndex: photoIndex >= 0 ? photoIndex : 0,
+          ),
+        ),
+      );
+    }
+  }
+
+  Widget _buildVideoThumbnail() {
+    return Container(
+      color: Colors.grey.shade800,
+      child: const Center(
+        child: Icon(Icons.play_circle_fill, size: 28, color: Colors.white70),
+      ),
+    );
+  }
+
+  Widget _buildPendingVideoThumbnail() {
+    return Stack(
+      fit: StackFit.expand,
+      children: [
+        Container(color: Colors.grey.shade700),
+        const Center(
+          child: SizedBox(
+            width: 22,
+            height: 22,
+            child: CircularProgressIndicator(
+              strokeWidth: 2,
+              color: Colors.white,
+            ),
+          ),
+        ),
+        Align(
+          alignment: Alignment.bottomCenter,
+          child: Container(
+            color: Colors.black54,
+            width: double.infinity,
+            padding: const EdgeInsets.symmetric(vertical: 2),
+            child: const Text(
+              'Processing',
+              textAlign: TextAlign.center,
+              style: TextStyle(color: Colors.white, fontSize: 9),
+            ),
+          ),
+        ),
+      ],
+    );
+  }
+
+  Widget _buildPhotoThumbnail(MediaEntry item) {
+    return Image.file(
+      File(item.path),
+      width: 64,
+      height: 64,
+      fit: BoxFit.cover,
+      cacheWidth: 120,
+      errorBuilder: (_, error, stackTrace) => Container(
+        width: 64,
+        height: 64,
+        color: Colors.grey.shade300,
+        child: const Icon(Icons.broken_image, size: 20),
+      ),
+    );
+  }
+}
+
+class _PendingVideo {
+  final int id;
+
+  _PendingVideo({required this.id});
+}

plugins/camera_desktop/example/lib/photo_viewer_page.dart

@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+import 'dart:io';
+
+import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
+import 'package:flutter/services.dart';
+
+import 'recent_media.dart';
+
+class PhotoViewerPage extends StatefulWidget {
+  const PhotoViewerPage({
+    super.key,
+    required this.items,
+    required this.initialIndex,
+  });
+
+  final List<MediaEntry> items;
+  final int initialIndex;
+
+  @override
+  State<PhotoViewerPage> createState() => _PhotoViewerPageState();
+}
+
+class _PhotoViewerPageState extends State<PhotoViewerPage> {
+  late final PageController _pageController;
+  late int _currentIndex;
+  late final FocusNode _focusNode;
+
+  @override
+  void initState() {
+    super.initState();
+    _currentIndex = widget.initialIndex.clamp(0, widget.items.length - 1);
+    _pageController = PageController(initialPage: _currentIndex);
+    _focusNode = FocusNode();
+  }
+
+  @override
+  void dispose() {
+    _pageController.dispose();
+    _focusNode.dispose();
+    super.dispose();
+  }
+
+  void _onKey(KeyEvent event) {
+    if (event is! KeyDownEvent) return;
+    if (event.logicalKey == LogicalKeyboardKey.arrowLeft) {
+      if (_currentIndex > 0) {
+        _pageController.animateToPage(
+          _currentIndex - 1,
+          duration: const Duration(milliseconds: 300),
+          curve: Curves.easeInOut,
+        );
+      }
+    } else if (event.logicalKey == LogicalKeyboardKey.arrowRight) {
+      if (_currentIndex < widget.items.length - 1) {
+        _pageController.animateToPage(
+          _currentIndex + 1,
+          duration: const Duration(milliseconds: 300),
+          curve: Curves.easeInOut,
+        );
+      }
+    } else if (event.logicalKey == LogicalKeyboardKey.escape) {
+      Navigator.of(context).pop();
+    }
+  }
+
+  @override
+  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
+    return Scaffold(
+      backgroundColor: Colors.black,
+      appBar: AppBar(
+        title: Text('Photo ${_currentIndex + 1} of ${widget.items.length}'),
+        backgroundColor: Colors.black54,
+        foregroundColor: Colors.white,
+      ),
+      body: KeyboardListener(
+        focusNode: _focusNode,
+        autofocus: true,
+        onKeyEvent: _onKey,
+        child: PageView.builder(
+          controller: _pageController,
+          itemCount: widget.items.length,
+          onPageChanged: (i) => setState(() => _currentIndex = i),
+          itemBuilder: (context, index) {
+            return InteractiveViewer(
+              minScale: 1.0,
+              maxScale: 5.0,
+              child: Center(
+                child: Image.file(
+                  File(widget.items[index].path),
+                  fit: BoxFit.contain,
+                  errorBuilder: (_, error, stackTrace) => const Column(
+                    mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,
+                    children: [
+                      Icon(Icons.broken_image, size: 64, color: Colors.grey),
+                      SizedBox(height: 16),
+                      Text(
+                        'Photo unavailable',
+                        style: TextStyle(color: Colors.grey),
+                      ),
+                    ],
+                  ),
+                ),
+              ),
+            );
+          },
+        ),
+      ),
+    );
+  }
+}

plugins/camera_desktop/example/lib/recent_media.dart

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+import 'package:flutter/foundation.dart';
+
+enum MediaType { photo, video }
+
+class MediaEntry {
+  final String path;
+  final DateTime capturedAt;
+  final MediaType type;
+
+  MediaEntry({
+    required this.path,
+    required this.capturedAt,
+    required this.type,
+  });
+
+  bool get isVideo => type == MediaType.video;
+  bool get isPhoto => type == MediaType.photo;
+}
+
+class RecentMediaStore extends ChangeNotifier {
+  static const int maxItems = 10;
+  final List<MediaEntry> _items = [];
+
+  List<MediaEntry> get items => List.unmodifiable(_items);
+  int get count => _items.length;
+  bool get isEmpty => _items.isEmpty;
+  bool get isNotEmpty => _items.isNotEmpty;
+
+  void add(String path, MediaType type) {
+    _items.insert(
+      0,
+      MediaEntry(path: path, capturedAt: DateTime.now(), type: type),
+    );
+    if (_items.length > maxItems) {
+      _items.removeLast();
+    }
+    notifyListeners();
+  }
+}

plugins/camera_desktop/example/lib/video_player_page.dart

@@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
+import 'dart:io';
+
+import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
+import 'package:flutter/services.dart';
+import 'package:media_kit/media_kit.dart';
+import 'package:media_kit_video/media_kit_video.dart';
+
+class VideoPlayerPage extends StatefulWidget {
+  const VideoPlayerPage({super.key, required this.path});
+
+  final String path;
+
+  @override
+  State<VideoPlayerPage> createState() => _VideoPlayerPageState();
+}
+
+class _VideoPlayerPageState extends State<VideoPlayerPage> {
+  late final Player _player;
+  late final VideoController _videoController;
+  late final FocusNode _focusNode;
+
+  @override
+  void initState() {
+    super.initState();
+    _player = Player();
+    _videoController = VideoController(_player);
+    _focusNode = FocusNode();
+    _player.open(Media(widget.path));
+  }
+
+  @override
+  void dispose() {
+    _player.dispose();
+    _focusNode.dispose();
+    super.dispose();
+  }
+
+  void _onKey(KeyEvent event) {
+    if (event is! KeyDownEvent) return;
+    if (event.logicalKey == LogicalKeyboardKey.escape) {
+      Navigator.of(context).pop();
+    } else if (event.logicalKey == LogicalKeyboardKey.space) {
+      _player.playOrPause();
+    }
+  }
+
+  String _formatDuration(Duration d) {
+    final minutes = d.inMinutes.remainder(60).toString().padLeft(2, '0');
+    final seconds = d.inSeconds.remainder(60).toString().padLeft(2, '0');
+    if (d.inHours > 0) {
+      final hours = d.inHours.toString().padLeft(2, '0');
+      return '$hours:$minutes:$seconds';
+    }
+    return '$minutes:$seconds';
+  }
+
+  @override
+  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
+    return Scaffold(
+      backgroundColor: Colors.black,
+      appBar: AppBar(
+        title: const Text('Video'),
+        backgroundColor: Colors.black54,
+        foregroundColor: Colors.white,
+      ),
+      body: KeyboardListener(
+        focusNode: _focusNode,
+        autofocus: true,
+        onKeyEvent: _onKey,
+        child: Column(
+          children: [
+            Expanded(
+              child: Platform.isWindows
+                  ? Transform(
+                      alignment: Alignment.center,
+                      transform: Matrix4.diagonal3Values(-1, 1, 1),
+                      child: Video(
+                        controller: _videoController,
+                        fit: BoxFit.contain,
+                      ),
+                    )
+                  : Video(controller: _videoController, fit: BoxFit.contain),
+            ),
+            _buildControls(),
+          ],
+        ),
+      ),
+    );
+  }
+
+  Widget _buildControls() {
+    return Container(
+      color: Colors.black87,
+      padding: const EdgeInsets.symmetric(horizontal: 16, vertical: 8),
+      child: Row(
+        children: [
+          StreamBuilder<bool>(
+            stream: _player.stream.playing,
+            builder: (context, snap) {
+              final playing = snap.data ?? false;
+              return IconButton(
+                icon: Icon(
+                  playing ? Icons.pause : Icons.play_arrow,
+                  color: Colors.white,
+                ),
+                onPressed: _player.playOrPause,
+              );
+            },
+          ),
+          StreamBuilder<Duration>(
+            stream: _player.stream.position,
+            builder: (context, snap) {
+              return Text(
+                _formatDuration(snap.data ?? Duration.zero),
+                style: const TextStyle(color: Colors.white, fontSize: 12),
+              );
+            },
+          ),
+          Expanded(
+            child: StreamBuilder<Duration>(
+              stream: _player.stream.duration,
+              builder: (context, durSnap) {
+                final duration = durSnap.data ?? Duration.zero;
+                return StreamBuilder<Duration>(
+                  stream: _player.stream.position,
+                  builder: (context, posSnap) {
+                    final position = posSnap.data ?? Duration.zero;
+                    return Slider(
+                      value: duration.inMilliseconds > 0
+                          ? position.inMilliseconds
+                                .clamp(0, duration.inMilliseconds)
+                                .toDouble()
+                          : 0,
+                      max: duration.inMilliseconds > 0
+                          ? duration.inMilliseconds.toDouble()
+                          : 1,
+                      onChanged: (v) {
+                        _player.seek(Duration(milliseconds: v.toInt()));
+                      },
+                      activeColor: Colors.white,
+                      inactiveColor: Colors.white24,
+                    );
+                  },
+                );
+              },
+            ),
+          ),
+          StreamBuilder<Duration>(
+            stream: _player.stream.duration,
+            builder: (context, snap) {
+              return Text(
+                _formatDuration(snap.data ?? Duration.zero),
+                style: const TextStyle(color: Colors.white, fontSize: 12),
+              );
+            },
+          ),
+        ],
+      ),
+    );
+  }
+}

plugins/camera_desktop/example/linux/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+flutter/ephemeral

plugins/camera_desktop/example/linux/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+# Project-level configuration.
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.13)
+project(runner LANGUAGES CXX)
+
+# The name of the executable created for the application. Change this to change
+# the on-disk name of your application.
+set(BINARY_NAME "camera_desktop_example")
+# The unique GTK application identifier for this application. See:
+# https://wiki.gnome.org/HowDoI/ChooseApplicationID
+set(APPLICATION_ID "com.hugocornellier.camera_desktop")
+
+# Explicitly opt in to modern CMake behaviors to avoid warnings with recent
+# versions of CMake.
+cmake_policy(SET CMP0063 NEW)
+
+# Load bundled libraries from the lib/ directory relative to the binary.
+set(CMAKE_INSTALL_RPATH "$ORIGIN/lib")
+
+# Root filesystem for cross-building.
+if(FLUTTER_TARGET_PLATFORM_SYSROOT)
+  set(CMAKE_SYSROOT ${FLUTTER_TARGET_PLATFORM_SYSROOT})
+  set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH ${CMAKE_SYSROOT})
+  set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_PROGRAM NEVER)
+  set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_PACKAGE ONLY)
+  set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_LIBRARY ONLY)
+  set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_INCLUDE ONLY)
+endif()
+
+# Define build configuration options.
+if(NOT CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE AND NOT CMAKE_CONFIGURATION_TYPES)
+  set(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE "Debug" CACHE
+    STRING "Flutter build mode" FORCE)
+  set_property(CACHE CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE PROPERTY STRINGS
+    "Debug" "Profile" "Release")
+endif()
+
+# Compilation settings that should be applied to most targets.
+#
+# Be cautious about adding new options here, as plugins use this function by
+# default. In most cases, you should add new options to specific targets instead
+# of modifying this function.
+function(APPLY_STANDARD_SETTINGS TARGET)
+  target_compile_features(${TARGET} PUBLIC cxx_std_14)
+  target_compile_options(${TARGET} PRIVATE -Wall -Werror)
+  target_compile_options(${TARGET} PRIVATE "$<$<NOT:$<CONFIG:Debug>>:-O3>")
+  target_compile_definitions(${TARGET} PRIVATE "$<$<NOT:$<CONFIG:Debug>>:NDEBUG>")
+endfunction()
+
+# Flutter library and tool build rules.
+set(FLUTTER_MANAGED_DIR "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/flutter")
+add_subdirectory(${FLUTTER_MANAGED_DIR})
+
+# System-level dependencies.
+find_package(PkgConfig REQUIRED)
+pkg_check_modules(GTK REQUIRED IMPORTED_TARGET gtk+-3.0)
+
+# Application build; see runner/CMakeLists.txt.
+add_subdirectory("runner")
+
+# Run the Flutter tool portions of the build. This must not be removed.
+add_dependencies(${BINARY_NAME} flutter_assemble)
+
+# Only the install-generated bundle's copy of the executable will launch
+# correctly, since the resources must in the right relative locations. To avoid
+# people trying to run the unbundled copy, put it in a subdirectory instead of
+# the default top-level location.
+set_target_properties(${BINARY_NAME}
+  PROPERTIES
+  RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/intermediates_do_not_run"
+)
+
+# Enable the test target.
+set(include_camera_desktop_tests TRUE)
+
+# Generated plugin build rules, which manage building the plugins and adding
+# them to the application.
+include(flutter/generated_plugins.cmake)
+
+
+# === Installation ===
+# By default, "installing" just makes a relocatable bundle in the build
+# directory.
+set(BUILD_BUNDLE_DIR "${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/bundle")
+if(CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX_INITIALIZED_TO_DEFAULT)
+  set(CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX "${BUILD_BUNDLE_DIR}" CACHE PATH "..." FORCE)
+endif()
+
+# Start with a clean build bundle directory every time.
+install(CODE "
+  file(REMOVE_RECURSE \"${BUILD_BUNDLE_DIR}/\")
+  " COMPONENT Runtime)
+
+set(INSTALL_BUNDLE_DATA_DIR "${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}/data")
+set(INSTALL_BUNDLE_LIB_DIR "${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}/lib")
+
+install(TARGETS ${BINARY_NAME} RUNTIME DESTINATION "${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}"
+  COMPONENT Runtime)
+
+install(FILES "${FLUTTER_ICU_DATA_FILE}" DESTINATION "${INSTALL_BUNDLE_DATA_DIR}"
+  COMPONENT Runtime)
+
+install(FILES "${FLUTTER_LIBRARY}" DESTINATION "${INSTALL_BUNDLE_LIB_DIR}"
+  COMPONENT Runtime)
+
+foreach(bundled_library ${PLUGIN_BUNDLED_LIBRARIES})
+  install(FILES "${bundled_library}"
+    DESTINATION "${INSTALL_BUNDLE_LIB_DIR}"
+    COMPONENT Runtime)
+endforeach(bundled_library)
+
+# Copy the native assets provided by the build.dart from all packages.
+set(NATIVE_ASSETS_DIR "${PROJECT_BUILD_DIR}native_assets/linux/")
+install(DIRECTORY "${NATIVE_ASSETS_DIR}"
+   DESTINATION "${INSTALL_BUNDLE_LIB_DIR}"
+   COMPONENT Runtime)
+
+# Fully re-copy the assets directory on each build to avoid having stale files
+# from a previous install.
+set(FLUTTER_ASSET_DIR_NAME "flutter_assets")
+install(CODE "
+  file(REMOVE_RECURSE \"${INSTALL_BUNDLE_DATA_DIR}/${FLUTTER_ASSET_DIR_NAME}\")
+  " COMPONENT Runtime)
+install(DIRECTORY "${PROJECT_BUILD_DIR}/${FLUTTER_ASSET_DIR_NAME}"
+  DESTINATION "${INSTALL_BUNDLE_DATA_DIR}" COMPONENT Runtime)
+
+# Install the AOT library on non-Debug builds only.
+if(NOT CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE MATCHES "Debug")
+  install(FILES "${AOT_LIBRARY}" DESTINATION "${INSTALL_BUNDLE_LIB_DIR}"
+    COMPONENT Runtime)
+endif()

plugins/camera_desktop/example/linux/flutter/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+# This file controls Flutter-level build steps. It should not be edited.
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.10)
+
+set(EPHEMERAL_DIR "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/ephemeral")
+
+# Configuration provided via flutter tool.
+include(${EPHEMERAL_DIR}/generated_config.cmake)
+
+# TODO: Move the rest of this into files in ephemeral. See
+# https://github.com/flutter/flutter/issues/57146.
+
+# Serves the same purpose as list(TRANSFORM ... PREPEND ...),
+# which isn't available in 3.10.
+function(list_prepend LIST_NAME PREFIX)
+    set(NEW_LIST "")
+    foreach(element ${${LIST_NAME}})
+        list(APPEND NEW_LIST "${PREFIX}${element}")
+    endforeach(element)
+    set(${LIST_NAME} "${NEW_LIST}" PARENT_SCOPE)
+endfunction()
+
+# === Flutter Library ===
+# System-level dependencies.
+find_package(PkgConfig REQUIRED)
+pkg_check_modules(GTK REQUIRED IMPORTED_TARGET gtk+-3.0)
+pkg_check_modules(GLIB REQUIRED IMPORTED_TARGET glib-2.0)
+pkg_check_modules(GIO REQUIRED IMPORTED_TARGET gio-2.0)
+
+set(FLUTTER_LIBRARY "${EPHEMERAL_DIR}/libflutter_linux_gtk.so")
+
+# Published to parent scope for install step.
+set(FLUTTER_LIBRARY ${FLUTTER_LIBRARY} PARENT_SCOPE)
+set(FLUTTER_ICU_DATA_FILE "${EPHEMERAL_DIR}/icudtl.dat" PARENT_SCOPE)
+set(PROJECT_BUILD_DIR "${PROJECT_DIR}/build/" PARENT_SCOPE)
+set(AOT_LIBRARY "${PROJECT_DIR}/build/lib/libapp.so" PARENT_SCOPE)
+
+list(APPEND FLUTTER_LIBRARY_HEADERS
+  "fl_basic_message_channel.h"
+  "fl_binary_codec.h"
+  "fl_binary_messenger.h"
+  "fl_dart_project.h"
+  "fl_engine.h"
+  "fl_json_message_codec.h"
+  "fl_json_method_codec.h"
+  "fl_message_codec.h"
+  "fl_method_call.h"
+  "fl_method_channel.h"
+  "fl_method_codec.h"
+  "fl_method_response.h"
+  "fl_plugin_registrar.h"
+  "fl_plugin_registry.h"
+  "fl_standard_message_codec.h"
+  "fl_standard_method_codec.h"
+  "fl_string_codec.h"
+  "fl_value.h"
+  "fl_view.h"
+  "flutter_linux.h"
+)
+list_prepend(FLUTTER_LIBRARY_HEADERS "${EPHEMERAL_DIR}/flutter_linux/")
+add_library(flutter INTERFACE)
+target_include_directories(flutter INTERFACE
+  "${EPHEMERAL_DIR}"
+)
+target_link_libraries(flutter INTERFACE "${FLUTTER_LIBRARY}")
+target_link_libraries(flutter INTERFACE
+  PkgConfig::GTK
+  PkgConfig::GLIB
+  PkgConfig::GIO
+)
+add_dependencies(flutter flutter_assemble)
+
+# === Flutter tool backend ===
+# _phony_ is a non-existent file to force this command to run every time,
+# since currently there's no way to get a full input/output list from the
+# flutter tool.
+add_custom_command(
+  OUTPUT ${FLUTTER_LIBRARY} ${FLUTTER_LIBRARY_HEADERS}
+    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/_phony_
+  COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E env
+    ${FLUTTER_TOOL_ENVIRONMENT}
+    "${FLUTTER_ROOT}/packages/flutter_tools/bin/tool_backend.sh"
+      ${FLUTTER_TARGET_PLATFORM} ${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE}
+  VERBATIM
+)
+add_custom_target(flutter_assemble DEPENDS
+  "${FLUTTER_LIBRARY}"
+  ${FLUTTER_LIBRARY_HEADERS}
+)

plugins/camera_desktop/example/linux/flutter/generated_plugin_registrant.cc

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+//
+//  Generated file. Do not edit.
+//
+
+// clang-format off
+
+#include "generated_plugin_registrant.h"
+
+#include <camera_desktop/camera_desktop_plugin.h>
+#include <media_kit_libs_linux/media_kit_libs_linux_plugin.h>
+#include <media_kit_video/media_kit_video_plugin.h>
+
+void fl_register_plugins(FlPluginRegistry* registry) {
+  g_autoptr(FlPluginRegistrar) camera_desktop_registrar =
+      fl_plugin_registry_get_registrar_for_plugin(registry, "CameraDesktopPlugin");
+  camera_desktop_plugin_register_with_registrar(camera_desktop_registrar);
+  g_autoptr(FlPluginRegistrar) media_kit_libs_linux_registrar =
+      fl_plugin_registry_get_registrar_for_plugin(registry, "MediaKitLibsLinuxPlugin");
+  media_kit_libs_linux_plugin_register_with_registrar(media_kit_libs_linux_registrar);
+  g_autoptr(FlPluginRegistrar) media_kit_video_registrar =
+      fl_plugin_registry_get_registrar_for_plugin(registry, "MediaKitVideoPlugin");
+  media_kit_video_plugin_register_with_registrar(media_kit_video_registrar);
+}

plugins/camera_desktop/example/linux/flutter/generated_plugin_registrant.h

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+//
+//  Generated file. Do not edit.
+//
+
+// clang-format off
+
+#ifndef GENERATED_PLUGIN_REGISTRANT_
+#define GENERATED_PLUGIN_REGISTRANT_
+
+#include <flutter_linux/flutter_linux.h>
+
+// Registers Flutter plugins.
+void fl_register_plugins(FlPluginRegistry* registry);
+
+#endif  // GENERATED_PLUGIN_REGISTRANT_

plugins/camera_desktop/example/linux/flutter/generated_plugins.cmake

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+#
+# Generated file, do not edit.
+#
+
+list(APPEND FLUTTER_PLUGIN_LIST
+  camera_desktop
+  media_kit_libs_linux
+  media_kit_video
+)
+
+list(APPEND FLUTTER_FFI_PLUGIN_LIST
+)
+
+set(PLUGIN_BUNDLED_LIBRARIES)
+
+foreach(plugin ${FLUTTER_PLUGIN_LIST})
+  add_subdirectory(flutter/ephemeral/.plugin_symlinks/${plugin}/linux plugins/${plugin})
+  target_link_libraries(${BINARY_NAME} PRIVATE ${plugin}_plugin)
+  list(APPEND PLUGIN_BUNDLED_LIBRARIES $<TARGET_FILE:${plugin}_plugin>)
+  list(APPEND PLUGIN_BUNDLED_LIBRARIES ${${plugin}_bundled_libraries})
+endforeach(plugin)
+
+foreach(ffi_plugin ${FLUTTER_FFI_PLUGIN_LIST})
+  add_subdirectory(flutter/ephemeral/.plugin_symlinks/${ffi_plugin}/linux plugins/${ffi_plugin})
+  list(APPEND PLUGIN_BUNDLED_LIBRARIES ${${ffi_plugin}_bundled_libraries})
+endforeach(ffi_plugin)

plugins/camera_desktop/example/linux/runner/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.13)
+project(runner LANGUAGES CXX)
+
+# Define the application target. To change its name, change BINARY_NAME in the
+# top-level CMakeLists.txt, not the value here, or `flutter run` will no longer
+# work.
+#
+# Any new source files that you add to the application should be added here.
+add_executable(${BINARY_NAME}
+  "main.cc"
+  "my_application.cc"
+  "${FLUTTER_MANAGED_DIR}/generated_plugin_registrant.cc"
+)
+
+# Apply the standard set of build settings. This can be removed for applications
+# that need different build settings.
+apply_standard_settings(${BINARY_NAME})
+
+# Add preprocessor definitions for the application ID.
+add_definitions(-DAPPLICATION_ID="${APPLICATION_ID}")
+
+# Add dependency libraries. Add any application-specific dependencies here.
+target_link_libraries(${BINARY_NAME} PRIVATE flutter)
+target_link_libraries(${BINARY_NAME} PRIVATE PkgConfig::GTK)
+
+target_include_directories(${BINARY_NAME} PRIVATE "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}")

plugins/camera_desktop/example/linux/runner/main.cc

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+#include "my_application.h"
+
+int main(int argc, char** argv) {
+  g_autoptr(MyApplication) app = my_application_new();
+  return g_application_run(G_APPLICATION(app), argc, argv);
+}

plugins/camera_desktop/example/linux/runner/my_application.cc

@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+#include "my_application.h"
+
+#include <flutter_linux/flutter_linux.h>
+#ifdef GDK_WINDOWING_X11
+#include <gdk/gdkx.h>
+#endif
+
+#include "flutter/generated_plugin_registrant.h"
+
+struct _MyApplication {
+  GtkApplication parent_instance;
+  char** dart_entrypoint_arguments;
+};
+
+G_DEFINE_TYPE(MyApplication, my_application, GTK_TYPE_APPLICATION)
+
+// Called when first Flutter frame received.
+static void first_frame_cb(MyApplication* self, FlView* view) {
+  gtk_widget_show(gtk_widget_get_toplevel(GTK_WIDGET(view)));
+}
+
+// Implements GApplication::activate.
+static void my_application_activate(GApplication* application) {
+  MyApplication* self = MY_APPLICATION(application);
+  GtkWindow* window =
+      GTK_WINDOW(gtk_application_window_new(GTK_APPLICATION(application)));
+
+  // Use a header bar when running in GNOME as this is the common style used
+  // by applications and is the setup most users will be using (e.g. Ubuntu
+  // desktop).
+  // If running on X and not using GNOME then just use a traditional title bar
+  // in case the window manager does more exotic layout, e.g. tiling.
+  // If running on Wayland assume the header bar will work (may need changing
+  // if future cases occur).
+  gboolean use_header_bar = TRUE;
+#ifdef GDK_WINDOWING_X11
+  GdkScreen* screen = gtk_window_get_screen(window);
+  if (GDK_IS_X11_SCREEN(screen)) {
+    const gchar* wm_name = gdk_x11_screen_get_window_manager_name(screen);
+    if (g_strcmp0(wm_name, "GNOME Shell") != 0) {
+      use_header_bar = FALSE;
+    }
+  }
+#endif
+  if (use_header_bar) {
+    GtkHeaderBar* header_bar = GTK_HEADER_BAR(gtk_header_bar_new());
+    gtk_widget_show(GTK_WIDGET(header_bar));
+    gtk_header_bar_set_title(header_bar, "camera_desktop_example");
+    gtk_header_bar_set_show_close_button(header_bar, TRUE);
+    gtk_window_set_titlebar(window, GTK_WIDGET(header_bar));
+  } else {
+    gtk_window_set_title(window, "camera_desktop_example");
+  }
+
+  gtk_window_set_default_size(window, 1280, 720);
+
+  g_autoptr(FlDartProject) project = fl_dart_project_new();
+  fl_dart_project_set_dart_entrypoint_arguments(
+      project, self->dart_entrypoint_arguments);
+
+  FlView* view = fl_view_new(project);
+  GdkRGBA background_color;
+  // Background defaults to black, override it here if necessary, e.g. #00000000
+  // for transparent.
+  gdk_rgba_parse(&background_color, "#000000");
+  fl_view_set_background_color(view, &background_color);
+  gtk_widget_show(GTK_WIDGET(view));
+  gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window), GTK_WIDGET(view));
+
+  // Show the window when Flutter renders.
+  // Requires the view to be realized so we can start rendering.
+  g_signal_connect_swapped(view, "first-frame", G_CALLBACK(first_frame_cb),
+                           self);
+  gtk_widget_realize(GTK_WIDGET(view));
+
+  fl_register_plugins(FL_PLUGIN_REGISTRY(view));
+
+  gtk_widget_grab_focus(GTK_WIDGET(view));
+}
+
+// Implements GApplication::local_command_line.
+static gboolean my_application_local_command_line(GApplication* application,
+                                                  gchar*** arguments,
+                                                  int* exit_status) {
+  MyApplication* self = MY_APPLICATION(application);
+  // Strip out the first argument as it is the binary name.
+  self->dart_entrypoint_arguments = g_strdupv(*arguments + 1);
+
+  g_autoptr(GError) error = nullptr;
+  if (!g_application_register(application, nullptr, &error)) {
+    g_warning("Failed to register: %s", error->message);
+    *exit_status = 1;
+    return TRUE;
+  }
+
+  g_application_activate(application);
+  *exit_status = 0;
+
+  return TRUE;
+}
+
+// Implements GApplication::startup.
+static void my_application_startup(GApplication* application) {
+  // MyApplication* self = MY_APPLICATION(object);
+
+  // Perform any actions required at application startup.
+
+  G_APPLICATION_CLASS(my_application_parent_class)->startup(application);
+}
+
+// Implements GApplication::shutdown.
+static void my_application_shutdown(GApplication* application) {
+  // MyApplication* self = MY_APPLICATION(object);
+
+  // Perform any actions required at application shutdown.
+
+  G_APPLICATION_CLASS(my_application_parent_class)->shutdown(application);
+}
+
+// Implements GObject::dispose.
+static void my_application_dispose(GObject* object) {
+  MyApplication* self = MY_APPLICATION(object);
+  g_clear_pointer(&self->dart_entrypoint_arguments, g_strfreev);
+  G_OBJECT_CLASS(my_application_parent_class)->dispose(object);
+}
+
+static void my_application_class_init(MyApplicationClass* klass) {
+  G_APPLICATION_CLASS(klass)->activate = my_application_activate;
+  G_APPLICATION_CLASS(klass)->local_command_line =
+      my_application_local_command_line;
+  G_APPLICATION_CLASS(klass)->startup = my_application_startup;
+  G_APPLICATION_CLASS(klass)->shutdown = my_application_shutdown;
+  G_OBJECT_CLASS(klass)->dispose = my_application_dispose;
+}
+
+static void my_application_init(MyApplication* self) {}
+
+MyApplication* my_application_new() {
+  // Set the program name to the application ID, which helps various systems
+  // like GTK and desktop environments map this running application to its
+  // corresponding .desktop file. This ensures better integration by allowing
+  // the application to be recognized beyond its binary name.
+  g_set_prgname(APPLICATION_ID);
+
+  return MY_APPLICATION(g_object_new(my_application_get_type(),
+                                     "application-id", APPLICATION_ID, "flags",
+                                     G_APPLICATION_NON_UNIQUE, nullptr));
+}

plugins/camera_desktop/example/linux/runner/my_application.h

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+#ifndef FLUTTER_MY_APPLICATION_H_
+#define FLUTTER_MY_APPLICATION_H_
+
+#include <gtk/gtk.h>
+
+G_DECLARE_FINAL_TYPE(MyApplication,
+                     my_application,
+                     MY,
+                     APPLICATION,
+                     GtkApplication)
+
+/**
+ * my_application_new:
+ *
+ * Creates a new Flutter-based application.
+ *
+ * Returns: a new #MyApplication.
+ */
+MyApplication* my_application_new();
+
+#endif  // FLUTTER_MY_APPLICATION_H_

plugins/camera_desktop/example/macos/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+# Flutter-related
+**/Flutter/ephemeral/
+**/Pods/
+
+# Xcode-related
+**/dgph
+**/xcuserdata/

plugins/camera_desktop/example/macos/Flutter/Flutter-Debug.xcconfig

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+#include? "Pods/Target Support Files/Pods-Runner/Pods-Runner.debug.xcconfig"
+#include "ephemeral/Flutter-Generated.xcconfig"

plugins/camera_desktop/example/macos/Flutter/Flutter-Release.xcconfig

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+#include? "Pods/Target Support Files/Pods-Runner/Pods-Runner.release.xcconfig"
+#include "ephemeral/Flutter-Generated.xcconfig"

plugins/camera_desktop/example/macos/Flutter/GeneratedPluginRegistrant.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+//
+//  Generated file. Do not edit.
+//
+
+import FlutterMacOS
+import Foundation
+
+import camera_desktop
+import media_kit_libs_macos_video
+import media_kit_video
+import package_info_plus
+import wakelock_plus
+
+func RegisterGeneratedPlugins(registry: FlutterPluginRegistry) {
+  CameraDesktopPlugin.register(with: registry.registrar(forPlugin: "CameraDesktopPlugin"))
+  MediaKitLibsMacosVideoPlugin.register(with: registry.registrar(forPlugin: "MediaKitLibsMacosVideoPlugin"))
+  MediaKitVideoPlugin.register(with: registry.registrar(forPlugin: "MediaKitVideoPlugin"))
+  FPPPackageInfoPlusPlugin.register(with: registry.registrar(forPlugin: "FPPPackageInfoPlusPlugin"))
+  WakelockPlusMacosPlugin.register(with: registry.registrar(forPlugin: "WakelockPlusMacosPlugin"))
+}

plugins/camera_desktop/example/macos/Podfile

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+platform :osx, '10.15'
+
+# CocoaPods analytics sends network stats synchronously affecting flutter build latency.
+ENV['COCOAPODS_DISABLE_STATS'] = 'true'
+
+project 'Runner', {
+  'Debug' => :debug,
+  'Profile' => :release,
+  'Release' => :release,
+}
+
+def flutter_root
+  generated_xcode_build_settings_path = File.expand_path(File.join('..', 'Flutter', 'ephemeral', 'Flutter-Generated.xcconfig'), __FILE__)
+  unless File.exist?(generated_xcode_build_settings_path)
+    raise "#{generated_xcode_build_settings_path} must exist. If you're running pod install manually, make sure \"flutter pub get\" is executed first"
+  end
+
+  File.foreach(generated_xcode_build_settings_path) do |line|
+    matches = line.match(/FLUTTER_ROOT\=(.*)/)
+    return matches[1].strip if matches
+  end
+  raise "FLUTTER_ROOT not found in #{generated_xcode_build_settings_path}. Try deleting Flutter-Generated.xcconfig, then run \"flutter pub get\""
+end
+
+require File.expand_path(File.join('packages', 'flutter_tools', 'bin', 'podhelper'), flutter_root)
+
+flutter_macos_podfile_setup
+
+target 'Runner' do
+  use_frameworks!
+
+  flutter_install_all_macos_pods File.dirname(File.realpath(__FILE__))
+  target 'RunnerTests' do
+    inherit! :search_paths
+  end
+end
+
+post_install do |installer|
+  installer.pods_project.targets.each do |target|
+    flutter_additional_macos_build_settings(target)
+  end
+
+  # media_kit_video ships an xcconfig where GCC_PREPROCESSOR_DEFINITIONS contains
+  # "$(inherited)" twice, which expands the build-config macros (POD_CONFIGURATION_*,
+  # DEBUG) twice and triggers "macro redefined" warnings. Strip the duplicate.
+  Dir.glob(File.join(installer.sandbox.root, '**', '*.xcconfig')).each do |xcconfig|
+    contents = File.read(xcconfig)
+    fixed = contents.gsub(/^(GCC_PREPROCESSOR_DEFINITIONS\s*=\s*)(.*)$/) do
+      prefix, value = $1, $2
+      seen_inherited = false
+      tokens = value.split(/\s+/).reject do |tok|
+        if tok == '$(inherited)' || tok == '"$(inherited)"'
+          next true if seen_inherited
+          seen_inherited = true
+        end
+        false
+      end
+      "#{prefix}#{tokens.join(' ')}"
+    end
+    File.write(xcconfig, fixed) if fixed != contents
+  end
+end

plugins/camera_desktop/example/macos/Podfile.lock

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+PODS:
+  - FlutterMacOS (1.0.0)
+  - media_kit_libs_macos_video (1.0.4):
+    - FlutterMacOS
+  - media_kit_video (0.0.1):
+    - FlutterMacOS
+
+DEPENDENCIES:
+  - FlutterMacOS (from `Flutter/ephemeral`)
+  - media_kit_libs_macos_video (from `Flutter/ephemeral/.symlinks/plugins/media_kit_libs_macos_video/macos`)
+  - media_kit_video (from `Flutter/ephemeral/.symlinks/plugins/media_kit_video/macos`)
+
+EXTERNAL SOURCES:
+  FlutterMacOS:
+    :path: Flutter/ephemeral
+  media_kit_libs_macos_video:
+    :path: Flutter/ephemeral/.symlinks/plugins/media_kit_libs_macos_video/macos
+  media_kit_video:
+    :path: Flutter/ephemeral/.symlinks/plugins/media_kit_video/macos
+
+SPEC CHECKSUMS:
+  FlutterMacOS: d0db08ddef1a9af05a5ec4b724367152bb0500b1
+  media_kit_libs_macos_video: 85a23e549b5f480e72cae3e5634b5514bc692f65
+  media_kit_video: fa6564e3799a0a28bff39442334817088b7ca758
+
+PODFILE CHECKSUM: d73b3795a102e716fcfac4d702dd615b914e690e
+
+COCOAPODS: 1.16.2

plugins/camera_desktop/example/macos/Runner.xcodeproj/project.pbxproj

@@ -0,0 +1,829 @@
+// !$*UTF8*$!
+{
+	archiveVersion = 1;
+	classes = {
+	};
+	objectVersion = 54;
+	objects = {
+
+/* Begin PBXAggregateTarget section */
+		33CC111A2044C6BA0003C045 /* Flutter Assemble */ = {
+			isa = PBXAggregateTarget;
+			buildConfigurationList = 33CC111B2044C6BA0003C045 /* Build configuration list for PBXAggregateTarget "Flutter Assemble" */;
+			buildPhases = (
+				33CC111E2044C6BF0003C045 /* ShellScript */,
+			);
+			dependencies = (
+			);
+			name = "Flutter Assemble";
+			productName = FLX;
+		};
+/* End PBXAggregateTarget section */
+
+/* Begin PBXBuildFile section */
+		331C80D8294CF71000263BE5 /* RunnerTests.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 331C80D7294CF71000263BE5 /* RunnerTests.swift */; };
+		335BBD1B22A9A15E00E9071D /* GeneratedPluginRegistrant.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 335BBD1A22A9A15E00E9071D /* GeneratedPluginRegistrant.swift */; };
+		33CC10F12044A3C60003C045 /* AppDelegate.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 33CC10F02044A3C60003C045 /* AppDelegate.swift */; };
+		33CC10F32044A3C60003C045 /* Assets.xcassets in Resources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 33CC10F22044A3C60003C045 /* Assets.xcassets */; };
+		33CC10F62044A3C60003C045 /* MainMenu.xib in Resources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 33CC10F42044A3C60003C045 /* MainMenu.xib */; };
+		33CC11132044BFA00003C045 /* MainFlutterWindow.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 33CC11122044BFA00003C045 /* MainFlutterWindow.swift */; };
+		78A318202AECB46A00862997 /* FlutterGeneratedPluginSwiftPackage in Frameworks */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; productRef = 78A3181F2AECB46A00862997 /* FlutterGeneratedPluginSwiftPackage */; };
+		78EFE35BF83BFD45AEF6B49D /* Pods_RunnerTests.framework in Frameworks */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 242FF7202E4D346E25CA6876 /* Pods_RunnerTests.framework */; };
+		CA173EE46481C9CA75E4E823 /* Pods_Runner.framework in Frameworks */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 3FA453647A92249E3F85B718 /* Pods_Runner.framework */; };
+/* End PBXBuildFile section */
+
+/* Begin PBXContainerItemProxy section */
+		331C80D9294CF71000263BE5 /* PBXContainerItemProxy */ = {
+			isa = PBXContainerItemProxy;
+			containerPortal = 33CC10E52044A3C60003C045 /* Project object */;
+			proxyType = 1;
+			remoteGlobalIDString = 33CC10EC2044A3C60003C045;
+			remoteInfo = Runner;
+		};
+		33CC111F2044C79F0003C045 /* PBXContainerItemProxy */ = {
+			isa = PBXContainerItemProxy;
+			containerPortal = 33CC10E52044A3C60003C045 /* Project object */;
+			proxyType = 1;
+			remoteGlobalIDString = 33CC111A2044C6BA0003C045;
+			remoteInfo = FLX;
+		};
+/* End PBXContainerItemProxy section */
+
+/* Begin PBXCopyFilesBuildPhase section */
+		33CC110E2044A8840003C045 /* Bundle Framework */ = {
+			isa = PBXCopyFilesBuildPhase;
+			buildActionMask = 2147483647;
+			dstPath = "";
+			dstSubfolderSpec = 10;
+			files = (
+			);
+			name = "Bundle Framework";
+			runOnlyForDeploymentPostprocessing = 0;
+		};
+/* End PBXCopyFilesBuildPhase section */
+
+/* Begin PBXFileReference section */
+		242FF7202E4D346E25CA6876 /* Pods_RunnerTests.framework */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; explicitFileType = wrapper.framework; includeInIndex = 0; path = Pods_RunnerTests.framework; sourceTree = BUILT_PRODUCTS_DIR; };
+		2EACE3DA6D35A68C3CD7B732 /* Pods-RunnerTests.profile.xcconfig */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; includeInIndex = 1; lastKnownFileType = text.xcconfig; name = "Pods-RunnerTests.profile.xcconfig"; path = "Target Support Files/Pods-RunnerTests/Pods-RunnerTests.profile.xcconfig"; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
+		331C80D5294CF71000263BE5 /* RunnerTests.xctest */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; explicitFileType = wrapper.cfbundle; includeInIndex = 0; path = RunnerTests.xctest; sourceTree = BUILT_PRODUCTS_DIR; };
+		331C80D7294CF71000263BE5 /* RunnerTests.swift */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.swift; path = RunnerTests.swift; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
+		333000ED22D3DE5D00554162 /* Warnings.xcconfig */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = text.xcconfig; path = Warnings.xcconfig; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
+		335BBD1A22A9A15E00E9071D /* GeneratedPluginRegistrant.swift */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; fileEncoding = 4; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.swift; path = GeneratedPluginRegistrant.swift; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
+		33CC10ED2044A3C60003C045 /* camera_desktop_example.app */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; explicitFileType = wrapper.application; includeInIndex = 0; path = camera_desktop_example.app; sourceTree = BUILT_PRODUCTS_DIR; };
+		33CC10F02044A3C60003C045 /* AppDelegate.swift */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.swift; path = AppDelegate.swift; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
+		33CC10F22044A3C60003C045 /* Assets.xcassets */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = folder.assetcatalog; name = Assets.xcassets; path = Runner/Assets.xcassets; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
+		33CC10F52044A3C60003C045 /* Base */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = file.xib; name = Base; path = Base.lproj/MainMenu.xib; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
+		33CC10F72044A3C60003C045 /* Info.plist */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = text.plist.xml; name = Info.plist; path = Runner/Info.plist; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
+		33CC11122044BFA00003C045 /* MainFlutterWindow.swift */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.swift; path = MainFlutterWindow.swift; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
+		33CEB47222A05771004F2AC0 /* Flutter-Debug.xcconfig */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = text.xcconfig; path = "Flutter-Debug.xcconfig"; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
+		33CEB47422A05771004F2AC0 /* Flutter-Release.xcconfig */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = text.xcconfig; path = "Flutter-Release.xcconfig"; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
+		33CEB47722A0578A004F2AC0 /* Flutter-Generated.xcconfig */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = text.xcconfig; name = "Flutter-Generated.xcconfig"; path = "ephemeral/Flutter-Generated.xcconfig"; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
+		33E51913231747F40026EE4D /* DebugProfile.entitlements */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = text.plist.entitlements; path = DebugProfile.entitlements; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
+		33E51914231749380026EE4D /* Release.entitlements */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; fileEncoding = 4; lastKnownFileType = text.plist.entitlements; path = Release.entitlements; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
+		33E5194F232828860026EE4D /* AppInfo.xcconfig */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = text.xcconfig; path = AppInfo.xcconfig; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
+		3FA453647A92249E3F85B718 /* Pods_Runner.framework */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; explicitFileType = wrapper.framework; includeInIndex = 0; path = Pods_Runner.framework; sourceTree = BUILT_PRODUCTS_DIR; };
+		784666492D4C4C64000A1A5F /* FlutterFramework */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = wrapper; name = FlutterFramework; path = ephemeral/Packages/.packages/FlutterFramework; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
+		78DABEA22ED26510000E7860 /* camera_desktop */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = wrapper; name = camera_desktop; path = ../../../macos/camera_desktop; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
+		78E0A7A72DC9AD7400C4905E /* FlutterGeneratedPluginSwiftPackage */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = wrapper; name = FlutterGeneratedPluginSwiftPackage; path = ephemeral/Packages/FlutterGeneratedPluginSwiftPackage; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
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+		9740EEB21CF90195004384FC /* Debug.xcconfig */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; fileEncoding = 4; lastKnownFileType = text.xcconfig; path = Debug.xcconfig; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
+		B4CFE74B02A679967C8E566C /* Pods-RunnerTests.debug.xcconfig */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; includeInIndex = 1; lastKnownFileType = text.xcconfig; name = "Pods-RunnerTests.debug.xcconfig"; path = "Target Support Files/Pods-RunnerTests/Pods-RunnerTests.debug.xcconfig"; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
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+/* End PBXFileReference section */
+
+/* Begin PBXFrameworksBuildPhase section */
+		331C80D2294CF70F00263BE5 /* Frameworks */ = {
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+			buildActionMask = 2147483647;
+			files = (
+				78EFE35BF83BFD45AEF6B49D /* Pods_RunnerTests.framework in Frameworks */,
+			);
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+		};
+		33CC10EA2044A3C60003C045 /* Frameworks */ = {
+			isa = PBXFrameworksBuildPhase;
+			buildActionMask = 2147483647;
+			files = (
+				78A318202AECB46A00862997 /* FlutterGeneratedPluginSwiftPackage in Frameworks */,
+				CA173EE46481C9CA75E4E823 /* Pods_Runner.framework in Frameworks */,
+			);
+			runOnlyForDeploymentPostprocessing = 0;
+		};
+/* End PBXFrameworksBuildPhase section */
+
+/* Begin PBXGroup section */
+		331C80D6294CF71000263BE5 /* RunnerTests */ = {
+			isa = PBXGroup;
+			children = (
+				331C80D7294CF71000263BE5 /* RunnerTests.swift */,
+			);
+			path = RunnerTests;
+			sourceTree = "<group>";
+		};
+		33BA886A226E78AF003329D5 /* Configs */ = {
+			isa = PBXGroup;
+			children = (
+				33E5194F232828860026EE4D /* AppInfo.xcconfig */,
+				9740EEB21CF90195004384FC /* Debug.xcconfig */,
+				7AFA3C8E1D35360C0083082E /* Release.xcconfig */,
+				333000ED22D3DE5D00554162 /* Warnings.xcconfig */,
+			);
+			path = Configs;
+			sourceTree = "<group>";
+		};
+		33CC10E42044A3C60003C045 = {
+			isa = PBXGroup;
+			children = (
+				33FAB671232836740065AC1E /* Runner */,
+				33CEB47122A05771004F2AC0 /* Flutter */,
+				331C80D6294CF71000263BE5 /* RunnerTests */,
+				33CC10EE2044A3C60003C045 /* Products */,
+				D9B5B589C9B9197BEF1D9DA1 /* Pods */,
+				65943964AD6ADD2D768A7FEF /* Frameworks */,
+			);
+			sourceTree = "<group>";
+		};
+		33CC10EE2044A3C60003C045 /* Products */ = {
+			isa = PBXGroup;
+			children = (
+				33CC10ED2044A3C60003C045 /* camera_desktop_example.app */,
+				331C80D5294CF71000263BE5 /* RunnerTests.xctest */,
+			);
+			name = Products;
+			sourceTree = "<group>";
+		};
+		33CC11242044D66E0003C045 /* Resources */ = {
+			isa = PBXGroup;
+			children = (
+				33CC10F22044A3C60003C045 /* Assets.xcassets */,
+				33CC10F42044A3C60003C045 /* MainMenu.xib */,
+				33CC10F72044A3C60003C045 /* Info.plist */,
+			);
+			name = Resources;
+			path = ..;
+			sourceTree = "<group>";
+		};
+		33CEB47122A05771004F2AC0 /* Flutter */ = {
+			isa = PBXGroup;
+			children = (
+				78DABEA22ED26510000E7860 /* camera_desktop */,
+				784666492D4C4C64000A1A5F /* FlutterFramework */,
+				78E0A7A72DC9AD7400C4905E /* FlutterGeneratedPluginSwiftPackage */,
+				335BBD1A22A9A15E00E9071D /* GeneratedPluginRegistrant.swift */,
+				33CEB47222A05771004F2AC0 /* Flutter-Debug.xcconfig */,
+				33CEB47422A05771004F2AC0 /* Flutter-Release.xcconfig */,
+				33CEB47722A0578A004F2AC0 /* Flutter-Generated.xcconfig */,
+			);
+			path = Flutter;
+			sourceTree = "<group>";
+		};
+		33FAB671232836740065AC1E /* Runner */ = {
+			isa = PBXGroup;
+			children = (
+				33CC10F02044A3C60003C045 /* AppDelegate.swift */,
+				33CC11122044BFA00003C045 /* MainFlutterWindow.swift */,
+				33E51913231747F40026EE4D /* DebugProfile.entitlements */,
+				33E51914231749380026EE4D /* Release.entitlements */,
+				33CC11242044D66E0003C045 /* Resources */,
+				33BA886A226E78AF003329D5 /* Configs */,
+			);
+			path = Runner;
+			sourceTree = "<group>";
+		};
+		65943964AD6ADD2D768A7FEF /* Frameworks */ = {
+			isa = PBXGroup;
+			children = (
+				3FA453647A92249E3F85B718 /* Pods_Runner.framework */,
+				242FF7202E4D346E25CA6876 /* Pods_RunnerTests.framework */,
+			);
+			name = Frameworks;
+			sourceTree = "<group>";
+		};
+		D9B5B589C9B9197BEF1D9DA1 /* Pods */ = {
+			isa = PBXGroup;
+			children = (
+				E9DAE22C81AE8ADF1F1D6EE7 /* Pods-Runner.debug.xcconfig */,
+				DC48F9159AD5A6E9DC4AE8AF /* Pods-Runner.release.xcconfig */,
+				F0D230BBE672EE22D04C4895 /* Pods-Runner.profile.xcconfig */,
+				B4CFE74B02A679967C8E566C /* Pods-RunnerTests.debug.xcconfig */,
+				E384C909A2092068A1672556 /* Pods-RunnerTests.release.xcconfig */,
+				2EACE3DA6D35A68C3CD7B732 /* Pods-RunnerTests.profile.xcconfig */,
+			);
+			name = Pods;
+			path = Pods;
+			sourceTree = "<group>";
+		};
+/* End PBXGroup section */
+
+/* Begin PBXNativeTarget section */
+		331C80D4294CF70F00263BE5 /* RunnerTests */ = {
+			isa = PBXNativeTarget;
+			buildConfigurationList = 331C80DE294CF71000263BE5 /* Build configuration list for PBXNativeTarget "RunnerTests" */;
+			buildPhases = (
+				75DFE264BFBC588855DF7735 /* [CP] Check Pods Manifest.lock */,
+				331C80D1294CF70F00263BE5 /* Sources */,
+				331C80D2294CF70F00263BE5 /* Frameworks */,
+				331C80D3294CF70F00263BE5 /* Resources */,
+			);
+			buildRules = (
+			);
+			dependencies = (
+				331C80DA294CF71000263BE5 /* PBXTargetDependency */,
+			);
+			name = RunnerTests;
+			productName = RunnerTests;
+			productReference = 331C80D5294CF71000263BE5 /* RunnerTests.xctest */;
+			productType = "com.apple.product-type.bundle.unit-test";
+		};
+		33CC10EC2044A3C60003C045 /* Runner */ = {
+			isa = PBXNativeTarget;
+			buildConfigurationList = 33CC10FB2044A3C60003C045 /* Build configuration list for PBXNativeTarget "Runner" */;
+			buildPhases = (
+				66940AF51424E4C81651F1C7 /* [CP] Check Pods Manifest.lock */,
+				33CC10E92044A3C60003C045 /* Sources */,
+				33CC10EA2044A3C60003C045 /* Frameworks */,
+				33CC10EB2044A3C60003C045 /* Resources */,
+				33CC110E2044A8840003C045 /* Bundle Framework */,
+				3399D490228B24CF009A79C7 /* ShellScript */,
+				267A2FD4C05E3C94C9133090 /* [CP] Embed Pods Frameworks */,
+			);
+			buildRules = (
+			);
+			dependencies = (
+				33CC11202044C79F0003C045 /* PBXTargetDependency */,
+			);
+			name = Runner;
+			packageProductDependencies = (
+				78A3181F2AECB46A00862997 /* FlutterGeneratedPluginSwiftPackage */,
+			);
+			productName = Runner;
+			productReference = 33CC10ED2044A3C60003C045 /* camera_desktop_example.app */;
+			productType = "com.apple.product-type.application";
+		};
+/* End PBXNativeTarget section */
+
+/* Begin PBXProject section */
+		33CC10E52044A3C60003C045 /* Project object */ = {
+			isa = PBXProject;
+			attributes = {
+				BuildIndependentTargetsInParallel = YES;
+				LastSwiftUpdateCheck = 0920;
+				LastUpgradeCheck = 1510;
+				ORGANIZATIONNAME = "";
+				TargetAttributes = {
+					331C80D4294CF70F00263BE5 = {
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+					33CC10EC2044A3C60003C045 = {
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+			buildConfigurationList = 33CC10E82044A3C60003C045 /* Build configuration list for PBXProject "Runner" */;
+			compatibilityVersion = "Xcode 9.3";
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+			defaultConfigurationName = Release;
+		};
+		33CC111B2044C6BA0003C045 /* Build configuration list for PBXAggregateTarget "Flutter Assemble" */ = {
+			isa = XCConfigurationList;
+			buildConfigurations = (
+				33CC111C2044C6BA0003C045 /* Debug */,
+				33CC111D2044C6BA0003C045 /* Release */,
+				338D0CEB231458BD00FA5F75 /* Profile */,
+			);
+			defaultConfigurationIsVisible = 0;
+			defaultConfigurationName = Release;
+		};
+/* End XCConfigurationList section */
+
+/* Begin XCLocalSwiftPackageReference section */
+		781AD8BC2B33823900A9FFBB /* XCLocalSwiftPackageReference "FlutterGeneratedPluginSwiftPackage" */ = {
+			isa = XCLocalSwiftPackageReference;
+			relativePath = Flutter/ephemeral/Packages/FlutterGeneratedPluginSwiftPackage;
+		};
+/* End XCLocalSwiftPackageReference section */
+
+/* Begin XCSwiftPackageProductDependency section */
+		78A3181F2AECB46A00862997 /* FlutterGeneratedPluginSwiftPackage */ = {
+			isa = XCSwiftPackageProductDependency;
+			productName = FlutterGeneratedPluginSwiftPackage;
+		};
+/* End XCSwiftPackageProductDependency section */
+	};
+	rootObject = 33CC10E52044A3C60003C045 /* Project object */;
+}

plugins/camera_desktop/example/macos/Runner.xcodeproj/project.xcworkspace/xcshareddata/IDEWorkspaceChecks.plist

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
+<plist version="1.0">
+<dict>
+	<key>IDEDidComputeMac32BitWarning</key>
+	<true/>
+</dict>
+</plist>

plugins/camera_desktop/example/macos/Runner.xcodeproj/xcshareddata/xcschemes/Runner.xcscheme

@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<Scheme
+   LastUpgradeVersion = "1510"
+   version = "1.3">
+   <BuildAction
+      parallelizeBuildables = "YES"
+      buildImplicitDependencies = "YES">
+      <PreActions>
+         <ExecutionAction
+            ActionType = "Xcode.IDEStandardExecutionActionsCore.ExecutionActionType.ShellScriptAction">
+            <ActionContent
+               title = "Run Prepare Flutter Framework Script"
+               scriptText = "&quot;$FLUTTER_ROOT&quot;/packages/flutter_tools/bin/macos_assemble.sh prepare&#10;">
+               <EnvironmentBuildable>
+                  <BuildableReference
+                     BuildableIdentifier = "primary"
+                     BlueprintIdentifier = "33CC10EC2044A3C60003C045"
+                     BuildableName = "camera_desktop_example.app"
+                     BlueprintName = "Runner"
+                     ReferencedContainer = "container:Runner.xcodeproj">
+                  </BuildableReference>
+               </EnvironmentBuildable>
+            </ActionContent>
+         </ExecutionAction>
+      </PreActions>
+      <BuildActionEntries>
+         <BuildActionEntry
+            buildForTesting = "YES"
+            buildForRunning = "YES"
+            buildForProfiling = "YES"
+            buildForArchiving = "YES"
+            buildForAnalyzing = "YES">
+            <BuildableReference
+               BuildableIdentifier = "primary"
+               BlueprintIdentifier = "33CC10EC2044A3C60003C045"
+               BuildableName = "camera_desktop_example.app"
+               BlueprintName = "Runner"
+               ReferencedContainer = "container:Runner.xcodeproj">
+            </BuildableReference>
+         </BuildActionEntry>
+      </BuildActionEntries>
+   </BuildAction>
+   <TestAction
+      buildConfiguration = "Debug"
+      selectedDebuggerIdentifier = "Xcode.DebuggerFoundation.Debugger.LLDB"
+      selectedLauncherIdentifier = "Xcode.DebuggerFoundation.Launcher.LLDB"
+      shouldUseLaunchSchemeArgsEnv = "YES">
+      <MacroExpansion>
+         <BuildableReference
+            BuildableIdentifier = "primary"
+            BlueprintIdentifier = "33CC10EC2044A3C60003C045"
+            BuildableName = "camera_desktop_example.app"
+            BlueprintName = "Runner"
+            ReferencedContainer = "container:Runner.xcodeproj">
+         </BuildableReference>
+      </MacroExpansion>
+      <Testables>
+         <TestableReference
+            skipped = "NO"
+            parallelizable = "YES">
+            <BuildableReference
+               BuildableIdentifier = "primary"
+               BlueprintIdentifier = "331C80D4294CF70F00263BE5"
+               BuildableName = "RunnerTests.xctest"
+               BlueprintName = "RunnerTests"
+               ReferencedContainer = "container:Runner.xcodeproj">
+            </BuildableReference>
+         </TestableReference>
+      </Testables>
+   </TestAction>
+   <LaunchAction
+      buildConfiguration = "Debug"
+      selectedDebuggerIdentifier = "Xcode.DebuggerFoundation.Debugger.LLDB"
+      selectedLauncherIdentifier = "Xcode.DebuggerFoundation.Launcher.LLDB"
+      launchStyle = "0"
+      useCustomWorkingDirectory = "NO"
+      ignoresPersistentStateOnLaunch = "NO"
+      debugDocumentVersioning = "YES"
+      debugServiceExtension = "internal"
+      enableGPUValidationMode = "1"
+      allowLocationSimulation = "YES">
+      <BuildableProductRunnable
+         runnableDebuggingMode = "0">
+         <BuildableReference
+            BuildableIdentifier = "primary"
+            BlueprintIdentifier = "33CC10EC2044A3C60003C045"
+            BuildableName = "camera_desktop_example.app"
+            BlueprintName = "Runner"
+            ReferencedContainer = "container:Runner.xcodeproj">
+         </BuildableReference>
+      </BuildableProductRunnable>
+   </LaunchAction>
+   <ProfileAction
+      buildConfiguration = "Profile"
+      shouldUseLaunchSchemeArgsEnv = "YES"
+      savedToolIdentifier = ""
+      useCustomWorkingDirectory = "NO"
+      debugDocumentVersioning = "YES">
+      <BuildableProductRunnable
+         runnableDebuggingMode = "0">
+         <BuildableReference
+            BuildableIdentifier = "primary"
+            BlueprintIdentifier = "33CC10EC2044A3C60003C045"
+            BuildableName = "camera_desktop_example.app"
+            BlueprintName = "Runner"
+            ReferencedContainer = "container:Runner.xcodeproj">
+         </BuildableReference>
+      </BuildableProductRunnable>
+   </ProfileAction>
+   <AnalyzeAction
+      buildConfiguration = "Debug">
+   </AnalyzeAction>
+   <ArchiveAction
+      buildConfiguration = "Release"
+      revealArchiveInOrganizer = "YES">
+   </ArchiveAction>
+</Scheme>

plugins/camera_desktop/example/macos/Runner.xcworkspace/contents.xcworkspacedata

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<Workspace
+   version = "1.0">
+   <FileRef
+      location = "group:Runner.xcodeproj">
+   </FileRef>
+   <FileRef
+      location = "group:Pods/Pods.xcodeproj">
+   </FileRef>
+</Workspace>

plugins/camera_desktop/example/macos/Runner.xcworkspace/xcshareddata/IDEWorkspaceChecks.plist

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
+<plist version="1.0">
+<dict>
+	<key>IDEDidComputeMac32BitWarning</key>
+	<true/>
+</dict>
+</plist>

plugins/camera_desktop/example/macos/Runner/AppDelegate.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+import Cocoa
+import FlutterMacOS
+
+@main
+class AppDelegate: FlutterAppDelegate {
+  override func applicationShouldTerminateAfterLastWindowClosed(_ sender: NSApplication) -> Bool {
+    return true
+  }
+
+  override func applicationSupportsSecureRestorableState(_ app: NSApplication) -> Bool {
+    return true
+  }
+}

plugins/camera_desktop/example/macos/Runner/Assets.xcassets/AppIcon.appiconset/Contents.json

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+{
+  "images" : [
+    {
+      "size" : "16x16",
+      "idiom" : "mac",
+      "filename" : "app_icon_16.png",
+      "scale" : "1x"
+    },
+    {
+      "size" : "16x16",
+      "idiom" : "mac",
+      "filename" : "app_icon_32.png",
+      "scale" : "2x"
+    },
+    {
+      "size" : "32x32",
+      "idiom" : "mac",
+      "filename" : "app_icon_32.png",
+      "scale" : "1x"
+    },
+    {
+      "size" : "32x32",
+      "idiom" : "mac",
+      "filename" : "app_icon_64.png",
+      "scale" : "2x"
+    },
+    {
+      "size" : "128x128",
+      "idiom" : "mac",
+      "filename" : "app_icon_128.png",
+      "scale" : "1x"
+    },
+    {
+      "size" : "128x128",
+      "idiom" : "mac",
+      "filename" : "app_icon_256.png",
+      "scale" : "2x"
+    },
+    {
+      "size" : "256x256",
+      "idiom" : "mac",
+      "filename" : "app_icon_256.png",
+      "scale" : "1x"
+    },
+    {
+      "size" : "256x256",
+      "idiom" : "mac",
+      "filename" : "app_icon_512.png",
+      "scale" : "2x"
+    },
+    {
+      "size" : "512x512",
+      "idiom" : "mac",
+      "filename" : "app_icon_512.png",
+      "scale" : "1x"
+    },
+    {
+      "size" : "512x512",
+      "idiom" : "mac",
+      "filename" : "app_icon_1024.png",
+      "scale" : "2x"
+    }
+  ],
+  "info" : {
+    "version" : 1,
+    "author" : "xcode"
+  }
+}

plugins/camera_desktop/example/macos/Runner/Base.lproj/MainMenu.xib

@@ -0,0 +1,343 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<document type="com.apple.InterfaceBuilder3.Cocoa.XIB" version="3.0" toolsVersion="14490.70" targetRuntime="MacOSX.Cocoa" propertyAccessControl="none" useAutolayout="YES" customObjectInstantitationMethod="direct">
+    <dependencies>
+        <deployment identifier="macosx"/>
+        <plugIn identifier="com.apple.InterfaceBuilder.CocoaPlugin" version="14490.70"/>
+        <capability name="documents saved in the Xcode 8 format" minToolsVersion="8.0"/>
+    </dependencies>
+    <objects>
+        <customObject id="-2" userLabel="File's Owner" customClass="NSApplication">
+            <connections>
+                <outlet property="delegate" destination="Voe-Tx-rLC" id="GzC-gU-4Uq"/>
+            </connections>
+        </customObject>
+        <customObject id="-1" userLabel="First Responder" customClass="FirstResponder"/>
+        <customObject id="-3" userLabel="Application" customClass="NSObject"/>
+        <customObject id="Voe-Tx-rLC" customClass="AppDelegate" customModule="Runner" customModuleProvider="target">
+            <connections>
+                <outlet property="applicationMenu" destination="uQy-DD-JDr" id="XBo-yE-nKs"/>
+                <outlet property="mainFlutterWindow" destination="QvC-M9-y7g" id="gIp-Ho-8D9"/>
+            </connections>
+        </customObject>
+        <customObject id="YLy-65-1bz" customClass="NSFontManager"/>
+        <menu title="Main Menu" systemMenu="main" id="AYu-sK-qS6">
+            <items>
+                <menuItem title="APP_NAME" id="1Xt-HY-uBw">
+                    <modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
+                    <menu key="submenu" title="APP_NAME" systemMenu="apple" id="uQy-DD-JDr">
+                        <items>
+                            <menuItem title="About APP_NAME" id="5kV-Vb-QxS">
+                                <modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
+                                <connections>
+                                    <action selector="orderFrontStandardAboutPanel:" target="-1" id="Exp-CZ-Vem"/>
+                                </connections>
+                            </menuItem>
+                            <menuItem isSeparatorItem="YES" id="VOq-y0-SEH"/>
+                            <menuItem title="Preferences…" keyEquivalent="," id="BOF-NM-1cW"/>
+                            <menuItem isSeparatorItem="YES" id="wFC-TO-SCJ"/>
+                            <menuItem title="Services" id="NMo-om-nkz">
+                                <modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
+                                <menu key="submenu" title="Services" systemMenu="services" id="hz9-B4-Xy5"/>
+                            </menuItem>
+                            <menuItem isSeparatorItem="YES" id="4je-JR-u6R"/>
+                            <menuItem title="Hide APP_NAME" keyEquivalent="h" id="Olw-nP-bQN">
+                                <connections>
+                                    <action selector="hide:" target="-1" id="PnN-Uc-m68"/>
+                                </connections>
+                            </menuItem>
+                            <menuItem title="Hide Others" keyEquivalent="h" id="Vdr-fp-XzO">
+                                <modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask" option="YES" command="YES"/>
+                                <connections>
+                                    <action selector="hideOtherApplications:" target="-1" id="VT4-aY-XCT"/>
+                                </connections>
+                            </menuItem>
+                            <menuItem title="Show All" id="Kd2-mp-pUS">
+                                <modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
+                                <connections>
+                                    <action selector="unhideAllApplications:" target="-1" id="Dhg-Le-xox"/>
+                                </connections>
+                            </menuItem>
+                            <menuItem isSeparatorItem="YES" id="kCx-OE-vgT"/>
+                            <menuItem title="Quit APP_NAME" keyEquivalent="q" id="4sb-4s-VLi">
+                                <connections>
+                                    <action selector="terminate:" target="-1" id="Te7-pn-YzF"/>
+                                </connections>
+                            </menuItem>
+                        </items>
+                    </menu>
+                </menuItem>
+                <menuItem title="Edit" id="5QF-Oa-p0T">
+                    <modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
+                    <menu key="submenu" title="Edit" id="W48-6f-4Dl">
+                        <items>
+                            <menuItem title="Undo" keyEquivalent="z" id="dRJ-4n-Yzg">
+                                <connections>
+                                    <action selector="undo:" target="-1" id="M6e-cu-g7V"/>
+                                </connections>
+                            </menuItem>
+                            <menuItem title="Redo" keyEquivalent="Z" id="6dh-zS-Vam">
+                                <connections>
+                                    <action selector="redo:" target="-1" id="oIA-Rs-6OD"/>
+                                </connections>
+                            </menuItem>
+                            <menuItem isSeparatorItem="YES" id="WRV-NI-Exz"/>
+                            <menuItem title="Cut" keyEquivalent="x" id="uRl-iY-unG">
+                                <connections>
+                                    <action selector="cut:" target="-1" id="YJe-68-I9s"/>
+                                </connections>
+                            </menuItem>
+                            <menuItem title="Copy" keyEquivalent="c" id="x3v-GG-iWU">
+                                <connections>
+                                    <action selector="copy:" target="-1" id="G1f-GL-Joy"/>
+                                </connections>
+                            </menuItem>
+                            <menuItem title="Paste" keyEquivalent="v" id="gVA-U4-sdL">
+                                <connections>
+                                    <action selector="paste:" target="-1" id="UvS-8e-Qdg"/>
+                                </connections>
+                            </menuItem>
+                            <menuItem title="Paste and Match Style" keyEquivalent="V" id="WeT-3V-zwk">
+                                <modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask" option="YES" command="YES"/>
+                                <connections>
+                                    <action selector="pasteAsPlainText:" target="-1" id="cEh-KX-wJQ"/>
+                                </connections>
+                            </menuItem>
+                            <menuItem title="Delete" id="pa3-QI-u2k">
+                                <modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
+                                <connections>
+                                    <action selector="delete:" target="-1" id="0Mk-Ml-PaM"/>
+                                </connections>
+                            </menuItem>
+                            <menuItem title="Select All" keyEquivalent="a" id="Ruw-6m-B2m">
+                                <connections>
+                                    <action selector="selectAll:" target="-1" id="VNm-Mi-diN"/>
+                                </connections>
+                            </menuItem>
+                            <menuItem isSeparatorItem="YES" id="uyl-h8-XO2"/>
+                            <menuItem title="Find" id="4EN-yA-p0u">
+                                <modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
+                                <menu key="submenu" title="Find" id="1b7-l0-nxx">
+                                    <items>
+                                        <menuItem title="Find…" tag="1" keyEquivalent="f" id="Xz5-n4-O0W">
+                                            <connections>
+                                                <action selector="performFindPanelAction:" target="-1" id="cD7-Qs-BN4"/>
+                                            </connections>
+                                        </menuItem>
+                                        <menuItem title="Find and Replace…" tag="12" keyEquivalent="f" id="YEy-JH-Tfz">
+                                            <modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask" option="YES" command="YES"/>
+                                            <connections>
+                                                <action selector="performFindPanelAction:" target="-1" id="WD3-Gg-5AJ"/>
+                                            </connections>
+                                        </menuItem>
+                                        <menuItem title="Find Next" tag="2" keyEquivalent="g" id="q09-fT-Sye">
+                                            <connections>
+                                                <action selector="performFindPanelAction:" target="-1" id="NDo-RZ-v9R"/>
+                                            </connections>
+                                        </menuItem>
+                                        <menuItem title="Find Previous" tag="3" keyEquivalent="G" id="OwM-mh-QMV">
+                                            <connections>
+                                                <action selector="performFindPanelAction:" target="-1" id="HOh-sY-3ay"/>
+                                            </connections>
+                                        </menuItem>
+                                        <menuItem title="Use Selection for Find" tag="7" keyEquivalent="e" id="buJ-ug-pKt">
+                                            <connections>
+                                                <action selector="performFindPanelAction:" target="-1" id="U76-nv-p5D"/>
+                                            </connections>
+                                        </menuItem>
+                                        <menuItem title="Jump to Selection" keyEquivalent="j" id="S0p-oC-mLd">
+                                            <connections>
+                                                <action selector="centerSelectionInVisibleArea:" target="-1" id="IOG-6D-g5B"/>
+                                            </connections>
+                                        </menuItem>
+                                    </items>
+                                </menu>
+                            </menuItem>
+                            <menuItem title="Spelling and Grammar" id="Dv1-io-Yv7">
+                                <modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
+                                <menu key="submenu" title="Spelling" id="3IN-sU-3Bg">
+                                    <items>
+                                        <menuItem title="Show Spelling and Grammar" keyEquivalent=":" id="HFo-cy-zxI">
+                                            <connections>
+                                                <action selector="showGuessPanel:" target="-1" id="vFj-Ks-hy3"/>
+                                            </connections>
+                                        </menuItem>
+                                        <menuItem title="Check Document Now" keyEquivalent=";" id="hz2-CU-CR7">
+                                            <connections>
+                                                <action selector="checkSpelling:" target="-1" id="fz7-VC-reM"/>
+                                            </connections>
+                                        </menuItem>
+                                        <menuItem isSeparatorItem="YES" id="bNw-od-mp5"/>
+                                        <menuItem title="Check Spelling While Typing" id="rbD-Rh-wIN">
+                                            <modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
+                                            <connections>
+                                                <action selector="toggleContinuousSpellChecking:" target="-1" id="7w6-Qz-0kB"/>
+                                            </connections>
+                                        </menuItem>
+                                        <menuItem title="Check Grammar With Spelling" id="mK6-2p-4JG">
+                                            <modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
+                                            <connections>
+                                                <action selector="toggleGrammarChecking:" target="-1" id="muD-Qn-j4w"/>
+                                            </connections>
+                                        </menuItem>
+                                        <menuItem title="Correct Spelling Automatically" id="78Y-hA-62v">
+                                            <modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
+                                            <connections>
+                                                <action selector="toggleAutomaticSpellingCorrection:" target="-1" id="2lM-Qi-WAP"/>
+                                            </connections>
+                                        </menuItem>
+                                    </items>
+                                </menu>
+                            </menuItem>
+                            <menuItem title="Substitutions" id="9ic-FL-obx">
+                                <modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
+                                <menu key="submenu" title="Substitutions" id="FeM-D8-WVr">
+                                    <items>
+                                        <menuItem title="Show Substitutions" id="z6F-FW-3nz">
+                                            <modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
+                                            <connections>
+                                                <action selector="orderFrontSubstitutionsPanel:" target="-1" id="oku-mr-iSq"/>
+                                            </connections>
+                                        </menuItem>
+                                        <menuItem isSeparatorItem="YES" id="gPx-C9-uUO"/>
+                                        <menuItem title="Smart Copy/Paste" id="9yt-4B-nSM">
+                                            <modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
+                                            <connections>
+                                                <action selector="toggleSmartInsertDelete:" target="-1" id="3IJ-Se-DZD"/>
+                                            </connections>
+                                        </menuItem>
+                                        <menuItem title="Smart Quotes" id="hQb-2v-fYv">
+                                            <modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
+                                            <connections>
+                                                <action selector="toggleAutomaticQuoteSubstitution:" target="-1" id="ptq-xd-QOA"/>
+                                            </connections>
+                                        </menuItem>
+                                        <menuItem title="Smart Dashes" id="rgM-f4-ycn">
+                                            <modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
+                                            <connections>
+                                                <action selector="toggleAutomaticDashSubstitution:" target="-1" id="oCt-pO-9gS"/>
+                                            </connections>
+                                        </menuItem>
+                                        <menuItem title="Smart Links" id="cwL-P1-jid">
+                                            <modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
+                                            <connections>
+                                                <action selector="toggleAutomaticLinkDetection:" target="-1" id="Gip-E3-Fov"/>
+                                            </connections>
+                                        </menuItem>
+                                        <menuItem title="Data Detectors" id="tRr-pd-1PS">
+                                            <modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
+                                            <connections>
+                                                <action selector="toggleAutomaticDataDetection:" target="-1" id="R1I-Nq-Kbl"/>
+                                            </connections>
+                                        </menuItem>
+                                        <menuItem title="Text Replacement" id="HFQ-gK-NFA">
+                                            <modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
+                                            <connections>
+                                                <action selector="toggleAutomaticTextReplacement:" target="-1" id="DvP-Fe-Py6"/>
+                                            </connections>
+                                        </menuItem>
+                                    </items>
+                                </menu>
+                            </menuItem>
+                            <menuItem title="Transformations" id="2oI-Rn-ZJC">
+                                <modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
+                                <menu key="submenu" title="Transformations" id="c8a-y6-VQd">
+                                    <items>
+                                        <menuItem title="Make Upper Case" id="vmV-6d-7jI">
+                                            <modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
+                                            <connections>
+                                                <action selector="uppercaseWord:" target="-1" id="sPh-Tk-edu"/>
+                                            </connections>
+                                        </menuItem>
+                                        <menuItem title="Make Lower Case" id="d9M-CD-aMd">
+                                            <modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
+                                            <connections>
+                                                <action selector="lowercaseWord:" target="-1" id="iUZ-b5-hil"/>
+                                            </connections>
+                                        </menuItem>
+                                        <menuItem title="Capitalize" id="UEZ-Bs-lqG">
+                                            <modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
+                                            <connections>
+                                                <action selector="capitalizeWord:" target="-1" id="26H-TL-nsh"/>
+                                            </connections>
+                                        </menuItem>
+                                    </items>
+                                </menu>
+                            </menuItem>
+                            <menuItem title="Speech" id="xrE-MZ-jX0">
+                                <modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
+                                <menu key="submenu" title="Speech" id="3rS-ZA-NoH">
+                                    <items>
+                                        <menuItem title="Start Speaking" id="Ynk-f8-cLZ">
+                                            <modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
+                                            <connections>
+                                                <action selector="startSpeaking:" target="-1" id="654-Ng-kyl"/>
+                                            </connections>
+                                        </menuItem>
+                                        <menuItem title="Stop Speaking" id="Oyz-dy-DGm">
+                                            <modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
+                                            <connections>
+                                                <action selector="stopSpeaking:" target="-1" id="dX8-6p-jy9"/>
+                                            </connections>
+                                        </menuItem>
+                                    </items>
+                                </menu>
+                            </menuItem>
+                        </items>
+                    </menu>
+                </menuItem>
+                <menuItem title="View" id="H8h-7b-M4v">
+                    <modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
+                    <menu key="submenu" title="View" id="HyV-fh-RgO">
+                        <items>
+                            <menuItem title="Enter Full Screen" keyEquivalent="f" id="4J7-dP-txa">
+                                <modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask" control="YES" command="YES"/>
+                                <connections>
+                                    <action selector="toggleFullScreen:" target="-1" id="dU3-MA-1Rq"/>
+                                </connections>
+                            </menuItem>
+                        </items>
+                    </menu>
+                </menuItem>
+                <menuItem title="Window" id="aUF-d1-5bR">
+                    <modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
+                    <menu key="submenu" title="Window" systemMenu="window" id="Td7-aD-5lo">
+                        <items>
+                            <menuItem title="Minimize" keyEquivalent="m" id="OY7-WF-poV">
+                                <connections>
+                                    <action selector="performMiniaturize:" target="-1" id="VwT-WD-YPe"/>
+                                </connections>
+                            </menuItem>
+                            <menuItem title="Zoom" id="R4o-n2-Eq4">
+                                <modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
+                                <connections>
+                                    <action selector="performZoom:" target="-1" id="DIl-cC-cCs"/>
+                                </connections>
+                            </menuItem>
+                            <menuItem isSeparatorItem="YES" id="eu3-7i-yIM"/>
+                            <menuItem title="Bring All to Front" id="LE2-aR-0XJ">
+                                <modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
+                                <connections>
+                                    <action selector="arrangeInFront:" target="-1" id="DRN-fu-gQh"/>
+                                </connections>
+                            </menuItem>
+                        </items>
+                    </menu>
+                </menuItem>
+                <menuItem title="Help" id="EPT-qC-fAb">
+                    <modifierMask key="keyEquivalentModifierMask"/>
+                    <menu key="submenu" title="Help" systemMenu="help" id="rJ0-wn-3NY"/>
+                </menuItem>
+            </items>
+            <point key="canvasLocation" x="142" y="-258"/>
+        </menu>
+        <window title="APP_NAME" allowsToolTipsWhenApplicationIsInactive="NO" autorecalculatesKeyViewLoop="NO" releasedWhenClosed="NO" animationBehavior="default" id="QvC-M9-y7g" customClass="MainFlutterWindow" customModule="Runner" customModuleProvider="target">
+            <windowStyleMask key="styleMask" titled="YES" closable="YES" miniaturizable="YES" resizable="YES"/>
+            <rect key="contentRect" x="335" y="390" width="800" height="600"/>
+            <rect key="screenRect" x="0.0" y="0.0" width="2560" height="1577"/>
+            <view key="contentView" wantsLayer="YES" id="EiT-Mj-1SZ">
+                <rect key="frame" x="0.0" y="0.0" width="800" height="600"/>
+                <autoresizingMask key="autoresizingMask"/>
+            </view>
+        </window>
+    </objects>
+</document>

plugins/camera_desktop/example/macos/Runner/Configs/AppInfo.xcconfig

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+// Application-level settings for the Runner target.
+//
+// This may be replaced with something auto-generated from metadata (e.g., pubspec.yaml) in the
+// future. If not, the values below would default to using the project name when this becomes a
+// 'flutter create' template.
+
+// The application's name. By default this is also the title of the Flutter window.
+PRODUCT_NAME = camera_desktop_example
+
+// The application's bundle identifier
+PRODUCT_BUNDLE_IDENTIFIER = com.example.cameraDesktopExample
+
+// The copyright displayed in application information
+PRODUCT_COPYRIGHT = Copyright © 2026 com.example. All rights reserved.

plugins/camera_desktop/example/macos/Runner/Configs/Debug.xcconfig

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+#include "../../Flutter/Flutter-Debug.xcconfig"
+#include "Warnings.xcconfig"

plugins/camera_desktop/example/macos/Runner/Configs/Release.xcconfig

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+#include "../../Flutter/Flutter-Release.xcconfig"
+#include "Warnings.xcconfig"

plugins/camera_desktop/example/macos/Runner/Configs/Warnings.xcconfig

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+WARNING_CFLAGS = -Wall -Wconditional-uninitialized -Wnullable-to-nonnull-conversion -Wmissing-method-return-type -Woverlength-strings
+GCC_WARN_UNDECLARED_SELECTOR = YES
+CLANG_UNDEFINED_BEHAVIOR_SANITIZER_NULLABILITY = YES
+CLANG_WARN_UNGUARDED_AVAILABILITY = YES_AGGRESSIVE
+CLANG_WARN__DUPLICATE_METHOD_MATCH = YES
+CLANG_WARN_PRAGMA_PACK = YES
+CLANG_WARN_STRICT_PROTOTYPES = YES
+CLANG_WARN_COMMA = YES
+GCC_WARN_STRICT_SELECTOR_MATCH = YES
+CLANG_WARN_OBJC_REPEATED_USE_OF_WEAK = YES
+CLANG_WARN_OBJC_IMPLICIT_RETAIN_SELF = YES
+GCC_WARN_SHADOW = YES
+CLANG_WARN_UNREACHABLE_CODE = YES

plugins/camera_desktop/example/macos/Runner/DebugProfile.entitlements

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
+<plist version="1.0">
+<dict>
+	<key>com.apple.security.app-sandbox</key>
+	<true/>
+	<key>com.apple.security.cs.allow-jit</key>
+	<true/>
+	<key>com.apple.security.network.server</key>
+	<true/>
+	<key>com.apple.security.device.camera</key>
+	<true/>
+	<key>com.apple.security.device.audio-input</key>
+	<true/>
+</dict>
+</plist>

plugins/camera_desktop/example/macos/Runner/Info.plist

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
+<plist version="1.0">
+<dict>
+	<key>CFBundleDevelopmentRegion</key>
+	<string>$(DEVELOPMENT_LANGUAGE)</string>
+	<key>CFBundleExecutable</key>
+	<string>$(EXECUTABLE_NAME)</string>
+	<key>CFBundleIconFile</key>
+	<string></string>
+	<key>CFBundleIdentifier</key>
+	<string>$(PRODUCT_BUNDLE_IDENTIFIER)</string>
+	<key>CFBundleInfoDictionaryVersion</key>
+	<string>6.0</string>
+	<key>CFBundleName</key>
+	<string>$(PRODUCT_NAME)</string>
+	<key>CFBundlePackageType</key>
+	<string>APPL</string>
+	<key>CFBundleShortVersionString</key>
+	<string>$(FLUTTER_BUILD_NAME)</string>
+	<key>CFBundleVersion</key>
+	<string>$(FLUTTER_BUILD_NUMBER)</string>
+	<key>LSMinimumSystemVersion</key>
+	<string>$(MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET)</string>
+	<key>NSHumanReadableCopyright</key>
+	<string>$(PRODUCT_COPYRIGHT)</string>
+	<key>NSMainNibFile</key>
+	<string>MainMenu</string>
+	<key>NSPrincipalClass</key>
+	<string>NSApplication</string>
+	<key>NSCameraUsageDescription</key>
+	<string>This app needs camera access for the camera preview demo.</string>
+	<key>NSMicrophoneUsageDescription</key>
+	<string>This app needs microphone access for video recording with audio.</string>
+</dict>
+</plist>

plugins/camera_desktop/example/macos/Runner/MainFlutterWindow.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+import Cocoa
+import FlutterMacOS
+
+class MainFlutterWindow: NSWindow {
+  override func awakeFromNib() {
+    let flutterViewController = FlutterViewController()
+    let windowFrame = self.frame
+    self.contentViewController = flutterViewController
+    self.setFrame(windowFrame, display: true)
+
+    RegisterGeneratedPlugins(registry: flutterViewController)
+
+    super.awakeFromNib()
+  }
+}

plugins/camera_desktop/example/macos/Runner/Release.entitlements

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
+<plist version="1.0">
+<dict>
+	<key>com.apple.security.app-sandbox</key>
+	<true/>
+	<key>com.apple.security.device.camera</key>
+	<true/>
+	<key>com.apple.security.device.audio-input</key>
+	<true/>
+</dict>
+</plist>

plugins/camera_desktop/example/macos/RunnerTests/RunnerTests.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+import Cocoa
+import FlutterMacOS
+import XCTest
+import AVFoundation
+@testable import camera_desktop
+
+class RunnerTests: XCTestCase {
+
+  func testDeviceEnumeration() {
+    // Should return a list (may be empty on CI/headless machines).
+    let devices = DeviceEnumerator.enumerateDevices()
+    XCTAssertNotNil(devices)
+  }
+
+  func testDeviceIdExtraction() {
+    let name = "FaceTime HD Camera (0x1234567890)"
+    let deviceId = DeviceEnumerator.extractDeviceId(from: name)
+    XCTAssertEqual(deviceId, "0x1234567890")
+  }
+
+  func testDeviceIdExtractionNoParens() {
+    let name = "NoParen"
+    let deviceId = DeviceEnumerator.extractDeviceId(from: name)
+    XCTAssertNil(deviceId)
+  }
+
+  func testDeviceIdExtractionNestedParens() {
+    let name = "Camera (Model X) (ABC123)"
+    let deviceId = DeviceEnumerator.extractDeviceId(from: name)
+    XCTAssertEqual(deviceId, "ABC123")
+  }
+
+  func testSessionPresetMapping() {
+    XCTAssertEqual(DeviceEnumerator.sessionPreset(for: 0), .low)
+    XCTAssertEqual(DeviceEnumerator.sessionPreset(for: 1), .medium)
+    XCTAssertEqual(DeviceEnumerator.sessionPreset(for: 2), .high)
+    XCTAssertEqual(DeviceEnumerator.sessionPreset(for: 3), .hd1280x720)
+    XCTAssertEqual(DeviceEnumerator.sessionPreset(for: 4), .hd1920x1080)
+    XCTAssertEqual(DeviceEnumerator.sessionPreset(for: 5), .hd1920x1080)
+  }
+
+  func testPhotoPathGeneration() {
+    let path = PhotoHandler.generatePath(cameraId: 42)
+    XCTAssertTrue(path.contains("camera_desktop_42_"))
+    XCTAssertTrue(path.hasSuffix(".jpg"))
+  }
+
+  func testRecordPathGeneration() {
+    let path = RecordHandler.generatePath()
+    XCTAssertTrue(path.contains("camera_desktop_video_"))
+    XCTAssertTrue(path.hasSuffix(".mp4"))
+  }
+
+  /// Regression test for the image-stream buffer-release fix.
+  ///
+  /// Before the fix, stopping the image stream left both shared FFI buffers
+  /// allocated until full session disposal. This asserts (deterministically,
+  /// no camera or process-memory measurement required) that releaseBuffers()
+  /// reclaims all buffer memory and that the instance stays reusable afterward.
+  func testImageStreamBuffersReleasedOnStop() {
+    let width = 640
+    let height = 480
+
+    var pb: CVPixelBuffer?
+    let status = CVPixelBufferCreate(
+      kCFAllocatorDefault, width, height,
+      kCVPixelFormatType_32BGRA, [:] as CFDictionary, &pb)
+    XCTAssertEqual(status, kCVReturnSuccess)
+    guard let pixelBuffer = pb else {
+      XCTFail("Failed to create test pixel buffer")
+      return
+    }
+
+    CVPixelBufferLockBaseAddress(pixelBuffer, [])
+    let bytesPerRow = CVPixelBufferGetBytesPerRow(pixelBuffer)
+    if let base = CVPixelBufferGetBaseAddress(pixelBuffer) {
+      memset(base, 0x7F, bytesPerRow * height)
+    }
+    CVPixelBufferUnlockBaseAddress(pixelBuffer, [])
+    let perBuffer = ImageStreamFFI.headerSize + bytesPerRow * height
+
+    let ffi = ImageStreamFFI()
+    XCTAssertEqual(ffi.allocatedByteCount, 0, "starts with nothing allocated")
+
+    ffi.writeFrame(pixelBuffer: pixelBuffer, cameraId: 1)
+    ffi.writeFrame(pixelBuffer: pixelBuffer, cameraId: 1)
+    XCTAssertEqual(ffi.allocatedByteCount, 2 * perBuffer,
+                   "both shared buffers are allocated while streaming")
+    XCTAssertNotNil(ffi.getBufferPointer(), "front buffer is readable while streaming")
+
+    // The fix under test: stopping the stream reclaims all buffer memory.
+    ffi.releaseBuffers()
+    XCTAssertEqual(ffi.allocatedByteCount, 0, "releaseBuffers() reclaims all buffer memory")
+    XCTAssertNil(ffi.getBufferPointer(), "no front buffer after release")
+
+    // The instance remains usable: a later frame re-allocates lazily.
+    ffi.writeFrame(pixelBuffer: pixelBuffer, cameraId: 1)
+    XCTAssertEqual(ffi.allocatedByteCount, perBuffer,
+                   "one buffer is re-allocated after release")
+  }
+}

plugins/camera_desktop/example/pubspec.lock

@@ -0,0 +1,576 @@
+# Generated by pub
+# See https://dart.dev/tools/pub/glossary#lockfile
+packages:
+  archive:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: archive
+      sha256: a96e8b390886ee8abb49b7bd3ac8df6f451c621619f52a26e815fdcf568959ff
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "4.0.9"
+  args:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: args
+      sha256: d0481093c50b1da8910eb0bb301626d4d8eb7284aa739614d2b394ee09e3ea04
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "2.7.0"
+  async:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: async
+      sha256: "758e6d74e971c3e5aceb4110bfd6698efc7f501675bcfe0c775459a8140750eb"
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "2.13.0"
+  boolean_selector:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: boolean_selector
+      sha256: "8aab1771e1243a5063b8b0ff68042d67334e3feab9e95b9490f9a6ebf73b42ea"
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "2.1.2"
+  camera:
+    dependency: "direct main"
+    description:
+      name: camera
+      sha256: "034c38cb8014d29698dcae6d20276688a1bf74e6487dfeb274d70ea05d5f7777"
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "0.12.0+1"
+  camera_android_camerax:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: camera_android_camerax
+      sha256: b5064cf25a2787d122d0bf12e77c7b1033a2b983d0730e3091f770ee376efde5
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "0.7.2"
+  camera_avfoundation:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: camera_avfoundation
+      sha256: "90e4cc3fde331581a3b2d35d83be41dbb7393af0ab857eb27b732174289cb96d"
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "0.10.1"
+  camera_desktop:
+    dependency: "direct main"
+    description:
+      path: ".."
+      relative: true
+    source: path
+    version: "1.2.1"
+  camera_platform_interface:
+    dependency: "direct main"
+    description:
+      name: camera_platform_interface
+      sha256: "98cfc9357e04bad617671b4c1f78a597f25f08003089dd94050709ae54effc63"
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "2.12.0"
+  camera_web:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: camera_web
+      sha256: "57f49a635c8bf249d07fb95eb693d7e4dda6796dedb3777f9127fb54847beba7"
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "0.3.5+3"
+  characters:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: characters
+      sha256: faf38497bda5ead2a8c7615f4f7939df04333478bf32e4173fcb06d428b5716b
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "1.4.1"
+  clock:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: clock
+      sha256: fddb70d9b5277016c77a80201021d40a2247104d9f4aa7bab7157b7e3f05b84b
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "1.1.2"
+  collection:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: collection
+      sha256: "2f5709ae4d3d59dd8f7cd309b4e023046b57d8a6c82130785d2b0e5868084e76"
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "1.19.1"
+  cross_file:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: cross_file
+      sha256: "28bb3ae56f117b5aec029d702a90f57d285cd975c3c5c281eaca38dbc47c5937"
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "0.3.5+2"
+  crypto:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: crypto
+      sha256: c8ea0233063ba03258fbcf2ca4d6dadfefe14f02fab57702265467a19f27fadf
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "3.0.7"
+  dbus:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: dbus
+      sha256: d0c98dcd4f5169878b6cf8f6e0a52403a9dff371a3e2f019697accbf6f44a270
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "0.7.12"
+  fake_async:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: fake_async
+      sha256: "5368f224a74523e8d2e7399ea1638b37aecfca824a3cc4dfdf77bf1fa905ac44"
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "1.3.3"
+  ffi:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: ffi
+      sha256: "6d7fd89431262d8f3125e81b50d3847a091d846eafcd4fdb88dd06f36d705a45"
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "2.2.0"
+  file:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: file
+      sha256: a3b4f84adafef897088c160faf7dfffb7696046cb13ae90b508c2cbc95d3b8d4
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "7.0.1"
+  fixnum:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: fixnum
+      sha256: b6dc7065e46c974bc7c5f143080a6764ec7a4be6da1285ececdc37be96de53be
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "1.1.1"
+  flutter:
+    dependency: "direct main"
+    description: flutter
+    source: sdk
+    version: "0.0.0"
+  flutter_driver:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description: flutter
+    source: sdk
+    version: "0.0.0"
+  flutter_lints:
+    dependency: "direct dev"
+    description:
+      name: flutter_lints
+      sha256: "3105dc8492f6183fb076ccf1f351ac3d60564bff92e20bfc4af9cc1651f4e7e1"
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "6.0.0"
+  flutter_plugin_android_lifecycle:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: flutter_plugin_android_lifecycle
+      sha256: ee8068e0e1cd16c4a82714119918efdeed33b3ba7772c54b5d094ab53f9b7fd1
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "2.0.33"
+  flutter_test:
+    dependency: "direct dev"
+    description: flutter
+    source: sdk
+    version: "0.0.0"
+  flutter_web_plugins:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description: flutter
+    source: sdk
+    version: "0.0.0"
+  fuchsia_remote_debug_protocol:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description: flutter
+    source: sdk
+    version: "0.0.0"
+  http:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: http
+      sha256: "87721a4a50b19c7f1d49001e51409bddc46303966ce89a65af4f4e6004896412"
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "1.6.0"
+  http_parser:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: http_parser
+      sha256: "178d74305e7866013777bab2c3d8726205dc5a4dd935297175b19a23a2e66571"
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "4.1.2"
+  image:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: image
+      sha256: f9881ff4998044947ec38d098bc7c8316ae1186fa786eddffdb867b9bc94dfce
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "4.8.0"
+  integration_test:
+    dependency: "direct dev"
+    description: flutter
+    source: sdk
+    version: "0.0.0"
+  leak_tracker:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: leak_tracker
+      sha256: "33e2e26bdd85a0112ec15400c8cbffea70d0f9c3407491f672a2fad47915e2de"
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "11.0.2"
+  leak_tracker_flutter_testing:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: leak_tracker_flutter_testing
+      sha256: "1dbc140bb5a23c75ea9c4811222756104fbcd1a27173f0c34ca01e16bea473c1"
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "3.0.10"
+  leak_tracker_testing:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: leak_tracker_testing
+      sha256: "8d5a2d49f4a66b49744b23b018848400d23e54caf9463f4eb20df3eb8acb2eb1"
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "3.0.2"
+  lints:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: lints
+      sha256: "12f842a479589fea194fe5c5a3095abc7be0c1f2ddfa9a0e76aed1dbd26a87df"
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "6.1.0"
+  matcher:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: matcher
+      sha256: dc0b7dc7651697ea4ff3e69ef44b0407ea32c487a39fff6a4004fa585e901861
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "0.12.19"
+  material_color_utilities:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: material_color_utilities
+      sha256: "9c337007e82b1889149c82ed242ed1cb24a66044e30979c44912381e9be4c48b"
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "0.13.0"
+  media_kit:
+    dependency: "direct main"
+    description:
+      name: media_kit
+      sha256: ae9e79597500c7ad6083a3c7b7b7544ddabfceacce7ae5c9709b0ec16a5d6643
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "1.2.6"
+  media_kit_libs_linux:
+    dependency: "direct main"
+    description:
+      name: media_kit_libs_linux
+      sha256: "2b473399a49ec94452c4d4ae51cfc0f6585074398d74216092bf3d54aac37ecf"
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "1.2.1"
+  media_kit_libs_macos_video:
+    dependency: "direct main"
+    description:
+      name: media_kit_libs_macos_video
+      sha256: f26aa1452b665df288e360393758f84b911f70ffb3878032e1aabba23aa1032d
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "1.1.4"
+  media_kit_libs_windows_video:
+    dependency: "direct main"
+    description:
+      name: media_kit_libs_windows_video
+      sha256: dff76da2778729ab650229e6b4ec6ec111eb5151431002cbd7ea304ff1f112ab
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "1.0.11"
+  media_kit_video:
+    dependency: "direct main"
+    description:
+      name: media_kit_video
+      sha256: afaa509e7b7e0bf247557a3a740cde903a52c34ace9810f94500e127bd7b043d
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "2.0.1"
+  meta:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: meta
+      sha256: "1741988757a65eb6b36abe716829688cf01910bbf91c34354ff7ec1c3de2b349"
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "1.18.0"
+  package_info_plus:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: package_info_plus
+      sha256: f69da0d3189a4b4ceaeb1a3defb0f329b3b352517f52bed4290f83d4f06bc08d
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "9.0.0"
+  package_info_plus_platform_interface:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: package_info_plus_platform_interface
+      sha256: "202a487f08836a592a6bd4f901ac69b3a8f146af552bbd14407b6b41e1c3f086"
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "3.2.1"
+  path:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: path
+      sha256: "75cca69d1490965be98c73ceaea117e8a04dd21217b37b292c9ddbec0d955bc5"
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "1.9.1"
+  petitparser:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: petitparser
+      sha256: "91bd59303e9f769f108f8df05e371341b15d59e995e6806aefab827b58336675"
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "7.0.2"
+  platform:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: platform
+      sha256: "5d6b1b0036a5f331ebc77c850ebc8506cbc1e9416c27e59b439f917a902a4984"
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "3.1.6"
+  plugin_platform_interface:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: plugin_platform_interface
+      sha256: "4820fbfdb9478b1ebae27888254d445073732dae3d6ea81f0b7e06d5dedc3f02"
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "2.1.8"
+  posix:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: posix
+      sha256: "185ef7606574f789b40f289c233efa52e96dead518aed988e040a10737febb07"
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "6.5.0"
+  process:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: process
+      sha256: c6248e4526673988586e8c00bb22a49210c258dc91df5227d5da9748ecf79744
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "5.0.5"
+  safe_local_storage:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: safe_local_storage
+      sha256: "287ea1f667c0b93cdc127dccc707158e2d81ee59fba0459c31a0c7da4d09c755"
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "2.0.3"
+  sky_engine:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description: flutter
+    source: sdk
+    version: "0.0.0"
+  source_span:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: source_span
+      sha256: "56a02f1f4cd1a2d96303c0144c93bd6d909eea6bee6bf5a0e0b685edbd4c47ab"
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "1.10.2"
+  stack_trace:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: stack_trace
+      sha256: "8b27215b45d22309b5cddda1aa2b19bdfec9df0e765f2de506401c071d38d1b1"
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "1.12.1"
+  stream_channel:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: stream_channel
+      sha256: "969e04c80b8bcdf826f8f16579c7b14d780458bd97f56d107d3950fdbeef059d"
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "2.1.4"
+  stream_transform:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: stream_transform
+      sha256: ad47125e588cfd37a9a7f86c7d6356dde8dfe89d071d293f80ca9e9273a33871
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "2.1.1"
+  string_scanner:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: string_scanner
+      sha256: "921cd31725b72fe181906c6a94d987c78e3b98c2e205b397ea399d4054872b43"
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "1.4.1"
+  sync_http:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: sync_http
+      sha256: "7f0cd72eca000d2e026bcd6f990b81d0ca06022ef4e32fb257b30d3d1014a961"
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "0.3.1"
+  synchronized:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: synchronized
+      sha256: c254ade258ec8282947a0acbbc90b9575b4f19673533ee46f2f6e9b3aeefd7c0
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "3.4.0"
+  term_glyph:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: term_glyph
+      sha256: "7f554798625ea768a7518313e58f83891c7f5024f88e46e7182a4558850a4b8e"
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "1.2.2"
+  test_api:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: test_api
+      sha256: "949a932224383300f01be9221c39180316445ecb8e7547f70a41a35bf421fb9e"
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "0.7.11"
+  typed_data:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: typed_data
+      sha256: f9049c039ebfeb4cf7a7104a675823cd72dba8297f264b6637062516699fa006
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "1.4.0"
+  universal_platform:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: universal_platform
+      sha256: "64e16458a0ea9b99260ceb5467a214c1f298d647c659af1bff6d3bf82536b1ec"
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "1.1.0"
+  uri_parser:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: uri_parser
+      sha256: "051c62e5f693de98ca9f130ee707f8916e2266945565926be3ff20659f7853ce"
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "3.0.2"
+  uuid:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: uuid
+      sha256: "1fef9e8e11e2991bb773070d4656b7bd5d850967a2456cfc83cf47925ba79489"
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "4.5.3"
+  vector_math:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: vector_math
+      sha256: d530bd74fea330e6e364cda7a85019c434070188383e1cd8d9777ee586914c5b
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "2.2.0"
+  vm_service:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: vm_service
+      sha256: "45caa6c5917fa127b5dbcfbd1fa60b14e583afdc08bfc96dda38886ca252eb60"
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "15.0.2"
+  wakelock_plus:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: wakelock_plus
+      sha256: "9296d40c9adbedaba95d1e704f4e0b434be446e2792948d0e4aa977048104228"
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "1.4.0"
+  wakelock_plus_platform_interface:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: wakelock_plus_platform_interface
+      sha256: "036deb14cd62f558ca3b73006d52ce049fabcdcb2eddfe0bf0fe4e8a943b5cf2"
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "1.3.0"
+  web:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: web
+      sha256: "868d88a33d8a87b18ffc05f9f030ba328ffefba92d6c127917a2ba740f9cfe4a"
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "1.1.1"
+  webdriver:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: webdriver
+      sha256: "2f3a14ca026957870cfd9c635b83507e0e51d8091568e90129fbf805aba7cade"
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "3.1.0"
+  win32:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: win32
+      sha256: d7cb55e04cd34096cd3a79b3330245f54cb96a370a1c27adb3c84b917de8b08e
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "5.15.0"
+  xml:
+    dependency: transitive
+    description:
+      name: xml
+      sha256: "971043b3a0d3da28727e40ed3e0b5d18b742fa5a68665cca88e74b7876d5e025"
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "6.6.1"
+sdks:
+  dart: ">=3.11.0 <4.0.0"
+  flutter: ">=3.35.0"

plugins/camera_desktop/example/pubspec.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+name: camera_desktop_example
+description: Demonstrates how to use the camera_desktop plugin.
+publish_to: 'none'
+
+environment:
+  sdk: ^3.11.0
+
+dependencies:
+  flutter:
+    sdk: flutter
+  camera: ^0.12.0
+  camera_desktop:
+    path: ../
+  camera_platform_interface: ^2.8.0
+  media_kit: ^1.2.6
+  media_kit_video: ^2.0.1
+  media_kit_libs_windows_video: ^1.0.9
+  media_kit_libs_macos_video: ^1.1.4
+  media_kit_libs_linux: ^1.2.1
+
+dev_dependencies:
+  integration_test:
+    sdk: flutter
+  flutter_test:
+    sdk: flutter
+  flutter_lints: ^6.0.0
+
+flutter:
+  uses-material-design: true

plugins/camera_desktop/example/test/widget_test.dart

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import 'package:flutter_test/flutter_test.dart';
+import 'package:camera_desktop_example/main.dart';
+
+void main() {
+  testWidgets('CameraExampleApp builds', (WidgetTester tester) async {
+    await tester.pumpWidget(const CameraExampleApp());
+    expect(find.text('Camera Desktop Example'), findsOneWidget);
+  });
+}

plugins/camera_desktop/example/windows/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+flutter/ephemeral/
+
+# Visual Studio user-specific files.
+*.suo
+*.user
+*.userosscache
+*.sln.docstates
+
+# Visual Studio build-related files.
+x64/
+x86/
+
+# Visual Studio cache files
+# files ending in .cache can be ignored
+*.[Cc]ache
+# but keep track of directories ending in .cache
+!*.[Cc]ache/

plugins/camera_desktop/example/windows/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+# Project-level configuration.
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.14)
+project(camera_desktop_example LANGUAGES CXX)
+
+# The name of the executable created for the application. Change this to change
+# the on-disk name of your application.
+set(BINARY_NAME "camera_desktop_example")
+
+# Explicitly opt in to modern CMake behaviors to avoid warnings with recent
+# versions of CMake.
+cmake_policy(VERSION 3.14...3.25)
+
+# Define build configuration option.
+get_property(IS_MULTICONFIG GLOBAL PROPERTY GENERATOR_IS_MULTI_CONFIG)
+if(IS_MULTICONFIG)
+  set(CMAKE_CONFIGURATION_TYPES "Debug;Profile;Release"
+    CACHE STRING "" FORCE)
+else()
+  if(NOT CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE AND NOT CMAKE_CONFIGURATION_TYPES)
+    set(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE "Debug" CACHE
+      STRING "Flutter build mode" FORCE)
+    set_property(CACHE CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE PROPERTY STRINGS
+      "Debug" "Profile" "Release")
+  endif()
+endif()
+# Define settings for the Profile build mode.
+set(CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS_PROFILE "${CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS_RELEASE}")
+set(CMAKE_SHARED_LINKER_FLAGS_PROFILE "${CMAKE_SHARED_LINKER_FLAGS_RELEASE}")
+set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS_PROFILE "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS_RELEASE}")
+set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_PROFILE "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_RELEASE}")
+
+# Use Unicode for all projects.
+add_definitions(-DUNICODE -D_UNICODE)
+
+# Compilation settings that should be applied to most targets.
+#
+# Be cautious about adding new options here, as plugins use this function by
+# default. In most cases, you should add new options to specific targets instead
+# of modifying this function.
+function(APPLY_STANDARD_SETTINGS TARGET)
+  target_compile_features(${TARGET} PUBLIC cxx_std_17)
+  target_compile_options(${TARGET} PRIVATE /W4 /WX /wd"4100")
+  target_compile_options(${TARGET} PRIVATE /EHsc)
+  target_compile_options(${TARGET} PRIVATE /utf-8)
+  target_compile_definitions(${TARGET} PRIVATE "_HAS_EXCEPTIONS=0")
+  target_compile_definitions(${TARGET} PRIVATE "$<$<CONFIG:Debug>:_DEBUG>")
+endfunction()
+
+# Flutter library and tool build rules.
+set(FLUTTER_MANAGED_DIR "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/flutter")
+add_subdirectory(${FLUTTER_MANAGED_DIR})
+
+# Application build; see runner/CMakeLists.txt.
+add_subdirectory("runner")
+
+
+# Generated plugin build rules, which manage building the plugins and adding
+# them to the application.
+include(flutter/generated_plugins.cmake)
+
+
+# === Installation ===
+# Support files are copied into place next to the executable, so that it can
+# run in place. This is done instead of making a separate bundle (as on Linux)
+# so that building and running from within Visual Studio will work.
+set(BUILD_BUNDLE_DIR "$<TARGET_FILE_DIR:${BINARY_NAME}>")
+# Make the "install" step default, as it's required to run.
+set(CMAKE_VS_INCLUDE_INSTALL_TO_DEFAULT_BUILD 1)
+if(CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX_INITIALIZED_TO_DEFAULT)
+  set(CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX "${BUILD_BUNDLE_DIR}" CACHE PATH "..." FORCE)
+endif()
+
+set(INSTALL_BUNDLE_DATA_DIR "${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}/data")
+set(INSTALL_BUNDLE_LIB_DIR "${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}")
+
+install(TARGETS ${BINARY_NAME} RUNTIME DESTINATION "${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}"
+  COMPONENT Runtime)
+
+install(FILES "${FLUTTER_ICU_DATA_FILE}" DESTINATION "${INSTALL_BUNDLE_DATA_DIR}"
+  COMPONENT Runtime)
+
+install(FILES "${FLUTTER_LIBRARY}" DESTINATION "${INSTALL_BUNDLE_LIB_DIR}"
+  COMPONENT Runtime)
+
+if(PLUGIN_BUNDLED_LIBRARIES)
+  install(FILES "${PLUGIN_BUNDLED_LIBRARIES}"
+    DESTINATION "${INSTALL_BUNDLE_LIB_DIR}"
+    COMPONENT Runtime)
+endif()
+
+# Copy the native assets provided by the build.dart from all packages.
+set(NATIVE_ASSETS_DIR "${PROJECT_BUILD_DIR}native_assets/windows/")
+install(DIRECTORY "${NATIVE_ASSETS_DIR}"
+   DESTINATION "${INSTALL_BUNDLE_LIB_DIR}"
+   COMPONENT Runtime)
+
+# Fully re-copy the assets directory on each build to avoid having stale files
+# from a previous install.
+set(FLUTTER_ASSET_DIR_NAME "flutter_assets")
+install(CODE "
+  file(REMOVE_RECURSE \"${INSTALL_BUNDLE_DATA_DIR}/${FLUTTER_ASSET_DIR_NAME}\")
+  " COMPONENT Runtime)
+install(DIRECTORY "${PROJECT_BUILD_DIR}/${FLUTTER_ASSET_DIR_NAME}"
+  DESTINATION "${INSTALL_BUNDLE_DATA_DIR}" COMPONENT Runtime)
+
+# Install the AOT library on non-Debug builds only.
+install(FILES "${AOT_LIBRARY}" DESTINATION "${INSTALL_BUNDLE_DATA_DIR}"
+  CONFIGURATIONS Profile;Release
+  COMPONENT Runtime)

plugins/camera_desktop/example/windows/flutter/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+# This file controls Flutter-level build steps. It should not be edited.
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.14)
+
+set(EPHEMERAL_DIR "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/ephemeral")
+
+# Configuration provided via flutter tool.
+include(${EPHEMERAL_DIR}/generated_config.cmake)
+
+# TODO: Move the rest of this into files in ephemeral. See
+# https://github.com/flutter/flutter/issues/57146.
+set(WRAPPER_ROOT "${EPHEMERAL_DIR}/cpp_client_wrapper")
+
+# Set fallback configurations for older versions of the flutter tool.
+if (NOT DEFINED FLUTTER_TARGET_PLATFORM)
+  set(FLUTTER_TARGET_PLATFORM "windows-x64")
+endif()
+
+# === Flutter Library ===
+set(FLUTTER_LIBRARY "${EPHEMERAL_DIR}/flutter_windows.dll")
+
+# Published to parent scope for install step.
+set(FLUTTER_LIBRARY ${FLUTTER_LIBRARY} PARENT_SCOPE)
+set(FLUTTER_ICU_DATA_FILE "${EPHEMERAL_DIR}/icudtl.dat" PARENT_SCOPE)
+set(PROJECT_BUILD_DIR "${PROJECT_DIR}/build/" PARENT_SCOPE)
+set(AOT_LIBRARY "${PROJECT_DIR}/build/windows/app.so" PARENT_SCOPE)
+
+list(APPEND FLUTTER_LIBRARY_HEADERS
+  "flutter_export.h"
+  "flutter_windows.h"
+  "flutter_messenger.h"
+  "flutter_plugin_registrar.h"
+  "flutter_texture_registrar.h"
+)
+list(TRANSFORM FLUTTER_LIBRARY_HEADERS PREPEND "${EPHEMERAL_DIR}/")
+add_library(flutter INTERFACE)
+target_include_directories(flutter INTERFACE
+  "${EPHEMERAL_DIR}"
+)
+target_link_libraries(flutter INTERFACE "${FLUTTER_LIBRARY}.lib")
+add_dependencies(flutter flutter_assemble)
+
+# === Wrapper ===
+list(APPEND CPP_WRAPPER_SOURCES_CORE
+  "core_implementations.cc"
+  "standard_codec.cc"
+)
+list(TRANSFORM CPP_WRAPPER_SOURCES_CORE PREPEND "${WRAPPER_ROOT}/")
+list(APPEND CPP_WRAPPER_SOURCES_PLUGIN
+  "plugin_registrar.cc"
+)
+list(TRANSFORM CPP_WRAPPER_SOURCES_PLUGIN PREPEND "${WRAPPER_ROOT}/")
+list(APPEND CPP_WRAPPER_SOURCES_APP
+  "flutter_engine.cc"
+  "flutter_view_controller.cc"
+)
+list(TRANSFORM CPP_WRAPPER_SOURCES_APP PREPEND "${WRAPPER_ROOT}/")
+
+# Wrapper sources needed for a plugin.
+add_library(flutter_wrapper_plugin STATIC
+  ${CPP_WRAPPER_SOURCES_CORE}
+  ${CPP_WRAPPER_SOURCES_PLUGIN}
+)
+apply_standard_settings(flutter_wrapper_plugin)
+set_target_properties(flutter_wrapper_plugin PROPERTIES
+  POSITION_INDEPENDENT_CODE ON)
+set_target_properties(flutter_wrapper_plugin PROPERTIES
+  CXX_VISIBILITY_PRESET hidden)
+target_link_libraries(flutter_wrapper_plugin PUBLIC flutter)
+target_include_directories(flutter_wrapper_plugin PUBLIC
+  "${WRAPPER_ROOT}/include"
+)
+add_dependencies(flutter_wrapper_plugin flutter_assemble)
+
+# Wrapper sources needed for the runner.
+add_library(flutter_wrapper_app STATIC
+  ${CPP_WRAPPER_SOURCES_CORE}
+  ${CPP_WRAPPER_SOURCES_APP}
+)
+apply_standard_settings(flutter_wrapper_app)
+target_link_libraries(flutter_wrapper_app PUBLIC flutter)
+target_include_directories(flutter_wrapper_app PUBLIC
+  "${WRAPPER_ROOT}/include"
+)
+add_dependencies(flutter_wrapper_app flutter_assemble)
+
+# === Flutter tool backend ===
+# _phony_ is a non-existent file to force this command to run every time,
+# since currently there's no way to get a full input/output list from the
+# flutter tool.
+set(PHONY_OUTPUT "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/_phony_")
+set_source_files_properties("${PHONY_OUTPUT}" PROPERTIES SYMBOLIC TRUE)
+add_custom_command(
+  OUTPUT ${FLUTTER_LIBRARY} ${FLUTTER_LIBRARY_HEADERS}
+    ${CPP_WRAPPER_SOURCES_CORE} ${CPP_WRAPPER_SOURCES_PLUGIN}
+    ${CPP_WRAPPER_SOURCES_APP}
+    ${PHONY_OUTPUT}
+  COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E env
+    ${FLUTTER_TOOL_ENVIRONMENT}
+    "${FLUTTER_ROOT}/packages/flutter_tools/bin/tool_backend.bat"
+      ${FLUTTER_TARGET_PLATFORM} $<CONFIG>
+  VERBATIM
+)
+add_custom_target(flutter_assemble DEPENDS
+  "${FLUTTER_LIBRARY}"
+  ${FLUTTER_LIBRARY_HEADERS}
+  ${CPP_WRAPPER_SOURCES_CORE}
+  ${CPP_WRAPPER_SOURCES_PLUGIN}
+  ${CPP_WRAPPER_SOURCES_APP}
+)

plugins/camera_desktop/example/windows/flutter/generated_plugin_registrant.cc

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+//
+//  Generated file. Do not edit.
+//
+
+// clang-format off
+
+#include "generated_plugin_registrant.h"
+
+#include <camera_desktop/camera_desktop_plugin.h>
+#include <media_kit_libs_windows_video/media_kit_libs_windows_video_plugin_c_api.h>
+#include <media_kit_video/media_kit_video_plugin_c_api.h>
+
+void RegisterPlugins(flutter::PluginRegistry* registry) {
+  CameraDesktopPluginRegisterWithRegistrar(
+      registry->GetRegistrarForPlugin("CameraDesktopPlugin"));
+  MediaKitLibsWindowsVideoPluginCApiRegisterWithRegistrar(
+      registry->GetRegistrarForPlugin("MediaKitLibsWindowsVideoPluginCApi"));
+  MediaKitVideoPluginCApiRegisterWithRegistrar(
+      registry->GetRegistrarForPlugin("MediaKitVideoPluginCApi"));
+}

plugins/camera_desktop/example/windows/flutter/generated_plugin_registrant.h

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+//
+//  Generated file. Do not edit.
+//
+
+// clang-format off
+
+#ifndef GENERATED_PLUGIN_REGISTRANT_
+#define GENERATED_PLUGIN_REGISTRANT_
+
+#include <flutter/plugin_registry.h>
+
+// Registers Flutter plugins.
+void RegisterPlugins(flutter::PluginRegistry* registry);
+
+#endif  // GENERATED_PLUGIN_REGISTRANT_

plugins/camera_desktop/example/windows/flutter/generated_plugins.cmake

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+#
+# Generated file, do not edit.
+#
+
+list(APPEND FLUTTER_PLUGIN_LIST
+  camera_desktop
+  media_kit_libs_windows_video
+  media_kit_video
+)
+
+list(APPEND FLUTTER_FFI_PLUGIN_LIST
+)
+
+set(PLUGIN_BUNDLED_LIBRARIES)
+
+foreach(plugin ${FLUTTER_PLUGIN_LIST})
+  add_subdirectory(flutter/ephemeral/.plugin_symlinks/${plugin}/windows plugins/${plugin})
+  target_link_libraries(${BINARY_NAME} PRIVATE ${plugin}_plugin)
+  list(APPEND PLUGIN_BUNDLED_LIBRARIES $<TARGET_FILE:${plugin}_plugin>)
+  list(APPEND PLUGIN_BUNDLED_LIBRARIES ${${plugin}_bundled_libraries})
+endforeach(plugin)
+
+foreach(ffi_plugin ${FLUTTER_FFI_PLUGIN_LIST})
+  add_subdirectory(flutter/ephemeral/.plugin_symlinks/${ffi_plugin}/windows plugins/${ffi_plugin})
+  list(APPEND PLUGIN_BUNDLED_LIBRARIES ${${ffi_plugin}_bundled_libraries})
+endforeach(ffi_plugin)

plugins/camera_desktop/example/windows/runner/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.14)
+project(runner LANGUAGES CXX)
+
+# Define the application target. To change its name, change BINARY_NAME in the
+# top-level CMakeLists.txt, not the value here, or `flutter run` will no longer
+# work.
+#
+# Any new source files that you add to the application should be added here.
+add_executable(${BINARY_NAME} WIN32
+  "flutter_window.cpp"
+  "main.cpp"
+  "utils.cpp"
+  "win32_window.cpp"
+  "${FLUTTER_MANAGED_DIR}/generated_plugin_registrant.cc"
+  "Runner.rc"
+  "runner.exe.manifest"
+)
+
+# Apply the standard set of build settings. This can be removed for applications
+# that need different build settings.
+apply_standard_settings(${BINARY_NAME})
+
+# Add preprocessor definitions for the build version.
+target_compile_definitions(${BINARY_NAME} PRIVATE "FLUTTER_VERSION=\"${FLUTTER_VERSION}\"")
+target_compile_definitions(${BINARY_NAME} PRIVATE "FLUTTER_VERSION_MAJOR=${FLUTTER_VERSION_MAJOR}")
+target_compile_definitions(${BINARY_NAME} PRIVATE "FLUTTER_VERSION_MINOR=${FLUTTER_VERSION_MINOR}")
+target_compile_definitions(${BINARY_NAME} PRIVATE "FLUTTER_VERSION_PATCH=${FLUTTER_VERSION_PATCH}")
+target_compile_definitions(${BINARY_NAME} PRIVATE "FLUTTER_VERSION_BUILD=${FLUTTER_VERSION_BUILD}")
+
+# Disable Windows macros that collide with C++ standard library functions.
+target_compile_definitions(${BINARY_NAME} PRIVATE "NOMINMAX")
+
+# Add dependency libraries and include directories. Add any application-specific
+# dependencies here.
+target_link_libraries(${BINARY_NAME} PRIVATE flutter flutter_wrapper_app)
+target_link_libraries(${BINARY_NAME} PRIVATE "dwmapi.lib")
+target_include_directories(${BINARY_NAME} PRIVATE "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}")
+
+# Run the Flutter tool portions of the build. This must not be removed.
+add_dependencies(${BINARY_NAME} flutter_assemble)

plugins/camera_desktop/example/windows/runner/Runner.rc

@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+// Microsoft Visual C++ generated resource script.
+//
+#pragma code_page(65001)
+#include "resource.h"
+
+#define APSTUDIO_READONLY_SYMBOLS
+/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+// Generated from the TEXTINCLUDE 2 resource.
+//
+#include "winres.h"
+
+/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+#undef APSTUDIO_READONLY_SYMBOLS
+
+/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// English (United States) resources
+
+#if !defined(AFX_RESOURCE_DLL) || defined(AFX_TARG_ENU)
+LANGUAGE LANG_ENGLISH, SUBLANG_ENGLISH_US
+
+#ifdef APSTUDIO_INVOKED
+/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+// TEXTINCLUDE
+//
+
+1 TEXTINCLUDE
+BEGIN
+    "resource.h\0"
+END
+
+2 TEXTINCLUDE
+BEGIN
+    "#include ""winres.h""\r\n"
+    "\0"
+END
+
+3 TEXTINCLUDE
+BEGIN
+    "\r\n"
+    "\0"
+END
+
+#endif    // APSTUDIO_INVOKED
+
+
+/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+// Icon
+//
+
+// Icon with lowest ID value placed first to ensure application icon
+// remains consistent on all systems.
+IDI_APP_ICON            ICON                    "resources\\app_icon.ico"
+
+
+/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+// Version
+//
+
+#if defined(FLUTTER_VERSION_MAJOR) && defined(FLUTTER_VERSION_MINOR) && defined(FLUTTER_VERSION_PATCH) && defined(FLUTTER_VERSION_BUILD)
+#define VERSION_AS_NUMBER FLUTTER_VERSION_MAJOR,FLUTTER_VERSION_MINOR,FLUTTER_VERSION_PATCH,FLUTTER_VERSION_BUILD
+#else
+#define VERSION_AS_NUMBER 1,0,0,0
+#endif
+
+#if defined(FLUTTER_VERSION)
+#define VERSION_AS_STRING FLUTTER_VERSION
+#else
+#define VERSION_AS_STRING "1.0.0"
+#endif
+
+VS_VERSION_INFO VERSIONINFO
+ FILEVERSION VERSION_AS_NUMBER
+ PRODUCTVERSION VERSION_AS_NUMBER
+ FILEFLAGSMASK VS_FFI_FILEFLAGSMASK
+#ifdef _DEBUG
+ FILEFLAGS VS_FF_DEBUG
+#else
+ FILEFLAGS 0x0L
+#endif
+ FILEOS VOS__WINDOWS32
+ FILETYPE VFT_APP
+ FILESUBTYPE 0x0L
+BEGIN
+    BLOCK "StringFileInfo"
+    BEGIN
+        BLOCK "040904e4"
+        BEGIN
+            VALUE "CompanyName", "com.example" "\0"
+            VALUE "FileDescription", "camera_desktop_example" "\0"
+            VALUE "FileVersion", VERSION_AS_STRING "\0"
+            VALUE "InternalName", "camera_desktop_example" "\0"
+            VALUE "LegalCopyright", "Copyright (C) 2026 com.example. All rights reserved." "\0"
+            VALUE "OriginalFilename", "camera_desktop_example.exe" "\0"
+            VALUE "ProductName", "camera_desktop_example" "\0"
+            VALUE "ProductVersion", VERSION_AS_STRING "\0"
+        END
+    END
+    BLOCK "VarFileInfo"
+    BEGIN
+        VALUE "Translation", 0x409, 1252
+    END
+END
+
+#endif    // English (United States) resources
+/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+
+
+#ifndef APSTUDIO_INVOKED
+/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+// Generated from the TEXTINCLUDE 3 resource.
+//
+
+
+/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+#endif    // not APSTUDIO_INVOKED

plugins/camera_desktop/example/windows/runner/flutter_window.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+#include "flutter_window.h"
+
+#include <optional>
+
+#include "flutter/generated_plugin_registrant.h"
+
+FlutterWindow::FlutterWindow(const flutter::DartProject& project)
+    : project_(project) {}
+
+FlutterWindow::~FlutterWindow() {}
+
+bool FlutterWindow::OnCreate() {
+  if (!Win32Window::OnCreate()) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  RECT frame = GetClientArea();
+
+  // The size here must match the window dimensions to avoid unnecessary surface
+  // creation / destruction in the startup path.
+  flutter_controller_ = std::make_unique<flutter::FlutterViewController>(
+      frame.right - frame.left, frame.bottom - frame.top, project_);
+  // Ensure that basic setup of the controller was successful.
+  if (!flutter_controller_->engine() || !flutter_controller_->view()) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  RegisterPlugins(flutter_controller_->engine());
+  SetChildContent(flutter_controller_->view()->GetNativeWindow());
+
+  flutter_controller_->engine()->SetNextFrameCallback([&]() {
+    this->Show();
+  });
+
+  // Flutter can complete the first frame before the "show window" callback is
+  // registered. The following call ensures a frame is pending to ensure the
+  // window is shown. It is a no-op if the first frame hasn't completed yet.
+  flutter_controller_->ForceRedraw();
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+void FlutterWindow::OnDestroy() {
+  if (flutter_controller_) {
+    flutter_controller_ = nullptr;
+  }
+
+  Win32Window::OnDestroy();
+}
+
+LRESULT
+FlutterWindow::MessageHandler(HWND hwnd, UINT const message,
+                              WPARAM const wparam,
+                              LPARAM const lparam) noexcept {
+  // Give Flutter, including plugins, an opportunity to handle window messages.
+  if (flutter_controller_) {
+    std::optional<LRESULT> result =
+        flutter_controller_->HandleTopLevelWindowProc(hwnd, message, wparam,
+                                                      lparam);
+    if (result) {
+      return *result;
+    }
+  }
+
+  switch (message) {
+    case WM_FONTCHANGE:
+      flutter_controller_->engine()->ReloadSystemFonts();
+      break;
+  }
+
+  return Win32Window::MessageHandler(hwnd, message, wparam, lparam);
+}

plugins/camera_desktop/example/windows/runner/flutter_window.h

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+#ifndef RUNNER_FLUTTER_WINDOW_H_
+#define RUNNER_FLUTTER_WINDOW_H_
+
+#include <flutter/dart_project.h>
+#include <flutter/flutter_view_controller.h>
+
+#include <memory>
+
+#include "win32_window.h"
+
+// A window that does nothing but host a Flutter view.
+class FlutterWindow : public Win32Window {
+ public:
+  // Creates a new FlutterWindow hosting a Flutter view running |project|.
+  explicit FlutterWindow(const flutter::DartProject& project);
+  virtual ~FlutterWindow();
+
+ protected:
+  // Win32Window:
+  bool OnCreate() override;
+  void OnDestroy() override;
+  LRESULT MessageHandler(HWND window, UINT const message, WPARAM const wparam,
+                         LPARAM const lparam) noexcept override;
+
+ private:
+  // The project to run.
+  flutter::DartProject project_;
+
+  // The Flutter instance hosted by this window.
+  std::unique_ptr<flutter::FlutterViewController> flutter_controller_;
+};
+
+#endif  // RUNNER_FLUTTER_WINDOW_H_

plugins/camera_desktop/example/windows/runner/main.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+#include <flutter/dart_project.h>
+#include <flutter/flutter_view_controller.h>
+#include <windows.h>
+
+#include "flutter_window.h"
+#include "utils.h"
+
+int APIENTRY wWinMain(_In_ HINSTANCE instance, _In_opt_ HINSTANCE prev,
+                      _In_ wchar_t *command_line, _In_ int show_command) {
+  // Attach to console when present (e.g., 'flutter run') or create a
+  // new console when running with a debugger.
+  if (!::AttachConsole(ATTACH_PARENT_PROCESS) && ::IsDebuggerPresent()) {
+    CreateAndAttachConsole();
+  }
+
+  // Initialize COM, so that it is available for use in the library and/or
+  // plugins.
+  ::CoInitializeEx(nullptr, COINIT_APARTMENTTHREADED);
+
+  flutter::DartProject project(L"data");
+
+  std::vector<std::string> command_line_arguments =
+      GetCommandLineArguments();
+
+  project.set_dart_entrypoint_arguments(std::move(command_line_arguments));
+
+  FlutterWindow window(project);
+  Win32Window::Point origin(10, 10);
+  Win32Window::Size size(1280, 720);
+  if (!window.Create(L"camera_desktop_example", origin, size)) {
+    return EXIT_FAILURE;
+  }
+  window.SetQuitOnClose(true);
+
+  ::MSG msg;
+  while (::GetMessage(&msg, nullptr, 0, 0)) {
+    ::TranslateMessage(&msg);
+    ::DispatchMessage(&msg);
+  }
+
+  ::CoUninitialize();
+  return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}

plugins/camera_desktop/example/windows/runner/resource.h

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+//{{NO_DEPENDENCIES}}
+// Microsoft Visual C++ generated include file.
+// Used by Runner.rc
+//
+#define IDI_APP_ICON                    101
+
+// Next default values for new objects
+//
+#ifdef APSTUDIO_INVOKED
+#ifndef APSTUDIO_READONLY_SYMBOLS
+#define _APS_NEXT_RESOURCE_VALUE        102
+#define _APS_NEXT_COMMAND_VALUE         40001
+#define _APS_NEXT_CONTROL_VALUE         1001
+#define _APS_NEXT_SYMED_VALUE           101
+#endif
+#endif

plugins/camera_desktop/example/windows/runner/runner.exe.manifest

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
+<assembly xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1" manifestVersion="1.0">
+  <application xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v3">
+    <windowsSettings>
+      <dpiAwareness xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/SMI/2016/WindowsSettings">PerMonitorV2</dpiAwareness>
+    </windowsSettings>
+  </application>
+  <compatibility xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:compatibility.v1">
+    <application>
+      <!-- Windows 10 and Windows 11 -->
+      <supportedOS Id="{8e0f7a12-bfb3-4fe8-b9a5-48fd50a15a9a}"/>
+    </application>
+  </compatibility>
+</assembly>

plugins/camera_desktop/example/windows/runner/utils.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+#include "utils.h"
+
+#include <flutter_windows.h>
+#include <io.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <windows.h>
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+void CreateAndAttachConsole() {
+  if (::AllocConsole()) {
+    FILE *unused;
+    if (freopen_s(&unused, "CONOUT$", "w", stdout)) {
+      _dup2(_fileno(stdout), 1);
+    }
+    if (freopen_s(&unused, "CONOUT$", "w", stderr)) {
+      _dup2(_fileno(stdout), 2);
+    }
+    std::ios::sync_with_stdio();
+    FlutterDesktopResyncOutputStreams();
+  }
+}
+
+std::vector<std::string> GetCommandLineArguments() {
+  // Convert the UTF-16 command line arguments to UTF-8 for the Engine to use.
+  int argc;
+  wchar_t** argv = ::CommandLineToArgvW(::GetCommandLineW(), &argc);
+  if (argv == nullptr) {
+    return std::vector<std::string>();
+  }
+
+  std::vector<std::string> command_line_arguments;
+
+  // Skip the first argument as it's the binary name.
+  for (int i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
+    command_line_arguments.push_back(Utf8FromUtf16(argv[i]));
+  }
+
+  ::LocalFree(argv);
+
+  return command_line_arguments;
+}
+
+std::string Utf8FromUtf16(const wchar_t* utf16_string) {
+  if (utf16_string == nullptr) {
+    return std::string();
+  }
+  unsigned int target_length = ::WideCharToMultiByte(
+      CP_UTF8, WC_ERR_INVALID_CHARS, utf16_string,
+      -1, nullptr, 0, nullptr, nullptr)
+    -1; // remove the trailing null character
+  int input_length = (int)wcslen(utf16_string);
+  std::string utf8_string;
+  if (target_length == 0 || target_length > utf8_string.max_size()) {
+    return utf8_string;
+  }
+  utf8_string.resize(target_length);
+  int converted_length = ::WideCharToMultiByte(
+      CP_UTF8, WC_ERR_INVALID_CHARS, utf16_string,
+      input_length, utf8_string.data(), target_length, nullptr, nullptr);
+  if (converted_length == 0) {
+    return std::string();
+  }
+  return utf8_string;
+}

plugins/camera_desktop/example/windows/runner/utils.h

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+#ifndef RUNNER_UTILS_H_
+#define RUNNER_UTILS_H_
+
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+// Creates a console for the process, and redirects stdout and stderr to
+// it for both the runner and the Flutter library.
+void CreateAndAttachConsole();
+
+// Takes a null-terminated wchar_t* encoded in UTF-16 and returns a std::string
+// encoded in UTF-8. Returns an empty std::string on failure.
+std::string Utf8FromUtf16(const wchar_t* utf16_string);
+
+// Gets the command line arguments passed in as a std::vector<std::string>,
+// encoded in UTF-8. Returns an empty std::vector<std::string> on failure.
+std::vector<std::string> GetCommandLineArguments();
+
+#endif  // RUNNER_UTILS_H_

plugins/camera_desktop/example/windows/runner/win32_window.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,288 @@
+#include "win32_window.h"
+
+#include <dwmapi.h>
+#include <flutter_windows.h>
+
+#include "resource.h"
+
+namespace {
+
+/// Window attribute that enables dark mode window decorations.
+///
+/// Redefined in case the developer's machine has a Windows SDK older than
+/// version 10.0.22000.0.
+/// See: https://docs.microsoft.com/windows/win32/api/dwmapi/ne-dwmapi-dwmwindowattribute
+#ifndef DWMWA_USE_IMMERSIVE_DARK_MODE
+#define DWMWA_USE_IMMERSIVE_DARK_MODE 20
+#endif
+
+constexpr const wchar_t kWindowClassName[] = L"FLUTTER_RUNNER_WIN32_WINDOW";
+
+/// Registry key for app theme preference.
+///
+/// A value of 0 indicates apps should use dark mode. A non-zero or missing
+/// value indicates apps should use light mode.
+constexpr const wchar_t kGetPreferredBrightnessRegKey[] =
+  L"Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Themes\\Personalize";
+constexpr const wchar_t kGetPreferredBrightnessRegValue[] = L"AppsUseLightTheme";
+
+// The number of Win32Window objects that currently exist.
+static int g_active_window_count = 0;
+
+using EnableNonClientDpiScaling = BOOL __stdcall(HWND hwnd);
+
+// Scale helper to convert logical scaler values to physical using passed in
+// scale factor
+int Scale(int source, double scale_factor) {
+  return static_cast<int>(source * scale_factor);
+}
+
+// Dynamically loads the |EnableNonClientDpiScaling| from the User32 module.
+// This API is only needed for PerMonitor V1 awareness mode.
+void EnableFullDpiSupportIfAvailable(HWND hwnd) {
+  HMODULE user32_module = LoadLibraryA("User32.dll");
+  if (!user32_module) {
+    return;
+  }
+  auto enable_non_client_dpi_scaling =
+      reinterpret_cast<EnableNonClientDpiScaling*>(
+          GetProcAddress(user32_module, "EnableNonClientDpiScaling"));
+  if (enable_non_client_dpi_scaling != nullptr) {
+    enable_non_client_dpi_scaling(hwnd);
+  }
+  FreeLibrary(user32_module);
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+
+// Manages the Win32Window's window class registration.
+class WindowClassRegistrar {
+ public:
+  ~WindowClassRegistrar() = default;
+
+  // Returns the singleton registrar instance.
+  static WindowClassRegistrar* GetInstance() {
+    if (!instance_) {
+      instance_ = new WindowClassRegistrar();
+    }
+    return instance_;
+  }
+
+  // Returns the name of the window class, registering the class if it hasn't
+  // previously been registered.
+  const wchar_t* GetWindowClass();
+
+  // Unregisters the window class. Should only be called if there are no
+  // instances of the window.
+  void UnregisterWindowClass();
+
+ private:
+  WindowClassRegistrar() = default;
+
+  static WindowClassRegistrar* instance_;
+
+  bool class_registered_ = false;
+};
+
+WindowClassRegistrar* WindowClassRegistrar::instance_ = nullptr;
+
+const wchar_t* WindowClassRegistrar::GetWindowClass() {
+  if (!class_registered_) {
+    WNDCLASS window_class{};
+    window_class.hCursor = LoadCursor(nullptr, IDC_ARROW);
+    window_class.lpszClassName = kWindowClassName;
+    window_class.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
+    window_class.cbClsExtra = 0;
+    window_class.cbWndExtra = 0;
+    window_class.hInstance = GetModuleHandle(nullptr);
+    window_class.hIcon =
+        LoadIcon(window_class.hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDI_APP_ICON));
+    window_class.hbrBackground = 0;
+    window_class.lpszMenuName = nullptr;
+    window_class.lpfnWndProc = Win32Window::WndProc;
+    RegisterClass(&window_class);
+    class_registered_ = true;
+  }
+  return kWindowClassName;
+}
+
+void WindowClassRegistrar::UnregisterWindowClass() {
+  UnregisterClass(kWindowClassName, nullptr);
+  class_registered_ = false;
+}
+
+Win32Window::Win32Window() {
+  ++g_active_window_count;
+}
+
+Win32Window::~Win32Window() {
+  --g_active_window_count;
+  Destroy();
+}
+
+bool Win32Window::Create(const std::wstring& title,
+                         const Point& origin,
+                         const Size& size) {
+  Destroy();
+
+  const wchar_t* window_class =
+      WindowClassRegistrar::GetInstance()->GetWindowClass();
+
+  const POINT target_point = {static_cast<LONG>(origin.x),
+                              static_cast<LONG>(origin.y)};
+  HMONITOR monitor = MonitorFromPoint(target_point, MONITOR_DEFAULTTONEAREST);
+  UINT dpi = FlutterDesktopGetDpiForMonitor(monitor);
+  double scale_factor = dpi / 96.0;
+
+  HWND window = CreateWindow(
+      window_class, title.c_str(), WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
+      Scale(origin.x, scale_factor), Scale(origin.y, scale_factor),
+      Scale(size.width, scale_factor), Scale(size.height, scale_factor),
+      nullptr, nullptr, GetModuleHandle(nullptr), this);
+
+  if (!window) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  UpdateTheme(window);
+
+  return OnCreate();
+}
+
+bool Win32Window::Show() {
+  return ShowWindow(window_handle_, SW_SHOWNORMAL);
+}
+
+// static
+LRESULT CALLBACK Win32Window::WndProc(HWND const window,
+                                      UINT const message,
+                                      WPARAM const wparam,
+                                      LPARAM const lparam) noexcept {
+  if (message == WM_NCCREATE) {
+    auto window_struct = reinterpret_cast<CREATESTRUCT*>(lparam);
+    SetWindowLongPtr(window, GWLP_USERDATA,
+                     reinterpret_cast<LONG_PTR>(window_struct->lpCreateParams));
+
+    auto that = static_cast<Win32Window*>(window_struct->lpCreateParams);
+    EnableFullDpiSupportIfAvailable(window);
+    that->window_handle_ = window;
+  } else if (Win32Window* that = GetThisFromHandle(window)) {
+    return that->MessageHandler(window, message, wparam, lparam);
+  }
+
+  return DefWindowProc(window, message, wparam, lparam);
+}
+
+LRESULT
+Win32Window::MessageHandler(HWND hwnd,
+                            UINT const message,
+                            WPARAM const wparam,
+                            LPARAM const lparam) noexcept {
+  switch (message) {
+    case WM_DESTROY:
+      window_handle_ = nullptr;
+      Destroy();
+      if (quit_on_close_) {
+        PostQuitMessage(0);
+      }
+      return 0;
+
+    case WM_DPICHANGED: {
+      auto newRectSize = reinterpret_cast<RECT*>(lparam);
+      LONG newWidth = newRectSize->right - newRectSize->left;
+      LONG newHeight = newRectSize->bottom - newRectSize->top;
+
+      SetWindowPos(hwnd, nullptr, newRectSize->left, newRectSize->top, newWidth,
+                   newHeight, SWP_NOZORDER | SWP_NOACTIVATE);
+
+      return 0;
+    }
+    case WM_SIZE: {
+      RECT rect = GetClientArea();
+      if (child_content_ != nullptr) {
+        // Size and position the child window.
+        MoveWindow(child_content_, rect.left, rect.top, rect.right - rect.left,
+                   rect.bottom - rect.top, TRUE);
+      }
+      return 0;
+    }
+
+    case WM_ACTIVATE:
+      if (child_content_ != nullptr) {
+        SetFocus(child_content_);
+      }
+      return 0;
+
+    case WM_DWMCOLORIZATIONCOLORCHANGED:
+      UpdateTheme(hwnd);
+      return 0;
+  }
+
+  return DefWindowProc(window_handle_, message, wparam, lparam);
+}
+
+void Win32Window::Destroy() {
+  OnDestroy();
+
+  if (window_handle_) {
+    DestroyWindow(window_handle_);
+    window_handle_ = nullptr;
+  }
+  if (g_active_window_count == 0) {
+    WindowClassRegistrar::GetInstance()->UnregisterWindowClass();
+  }
+}
+
+Win32Window* Win32Window::GetThisFromHandle(HWND const window) noexcept {
+  return reinterpret_cast<Win32Window*>(
+      GetWindowLongPtr(window, GWLP_USERDATA));
+}
+
+void Win32Window::SetChildContent(HWND content) {
+  child_content_ = content;
+  SetParent(content, window_handle_);
+  RECT frame = GetClientArea();
+
+  MoveWindow(content, frame.left, frame.top, frame.right - frame.left,
+             frame.bottom - frame.top, true);
+
+  SetFocus(child_content_);
+}
+
+RECT Win32Window::GetClientArea() {
+  RECT frame;
+  GetClientRect(window_handle_, &frame);
+  return frame;
+}
+
+HWND Win32Window::GetHandle() {
+  return window_handle_;
+}
+
+void Win32Window::SetQuitOnClose(bool quit_on_close) {
+  quit_on_close_ = quit_on_close;
+}
+
+bool Win32Window::OnCreate() {
+  // No-op; provided for subclasses.
+  return true;
+}
+
+void Win32Window::OnDestroy() {
+  // No-op; provided for subclasses.
+}
+
+void Win32Window::UpdateTheme(HWND const window) {
+  DWORD light_mode;
+  DWORD light_mode_size = sizeof(light_mode);
+  LSTATUS result = RegGetValue(HKEY_CURRENT_USER, kGetPreferredBrightnessRegKey,
+                               kGetPreferredBrightnessRegValue,
+                               RRF_RT_REG_DWORD, nullptr, &light_mode,
+                               &light_mode_size);
+
+  if (result == ERROR_SUCCESS) {
+    BOOL enable_dark_mode = light_mode == 0;
+    DwmSetWindowAttribute(window, DWMWA_USE_IMMERSIVE_DARK_MODE,
+                          &enable_dark_mode, sizeof(enable_dark_mode));
+  }
+}

plugins/camera_desktop/example/windows/runner/win32_window.h

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+#ifndef RUNNER_WIN32_WINDOW_H_
+#define RUNNER_WIN32_WINDOW_H_
+
+#include <windows.h>
+
+#include <functional>
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+
+// A class abstraction for a high DPI-aware Win32 Window. Intended to be
+// inherited from by classes that wish to specialize with custom
+// rendering and input handling
+class Win32Window {
+ public:
+  struct Point {
+    unsigned int x;
+    unsigned int y;
+    Point(unsigned int x, unsigned int y) : x(x), y(y) {}
+  };
+
+  struct Size {
+    unsigned int width;
+    unsigned int height;
+    Size(unsigned int width, unsigned int height)
+        : width(width), height(height) {}
+  };
+
+  Win32Window();
+  virtual ~Win32Window();
+
+  // Creates a win32 window with |title| that is positioned and sized using
+  // |origin| and |size|. New windows are created on the default monitor. Window
+  // sizes are specified to the OS in physical pixels, hence to ensure a
+  // consistent size this function will scale the inputted width and height as
+  // as appropriate for the default monitor. The window is invisible until
+  // |Show| is called. Returns true if the window was created successfully.
+  bool Create(const std::wstring& title, const Point& origin, const Size& size);
+
+  // Show the current window. Returns true if the window was successfully shown.
+  bool Show();
+
+  // Release OS resources associated with window.
+  void Destroy();
+
+  // Inserts |content| into the window tree.
+  void SetChildContent(HWND content);
+
+  // Returns the backing Window handle to enable clients to set icon and other
+  // window properties. Returns nullptr if the window has been destroyed.
+  HWND GetHandle();
+
+  // If true, closing this window will quit the application.
+  void SetQuitOnClose(bool quit_on_close);
+
+  // Return a RECT representing the bounds of the current client area.
+  RECT GetClientArea();
+
+ protected:
+  // Processes and route salient window messages for mouse handling,
+  // size change and DPI. Delegates handling of these to member overloads that
+  // inheriting classes can handle.
+  virtual LRESULT MessageHandler(HWND window,
+                                 UINT const message,
+                                 WPARAM const wparam,
+                                 LPARAM const lparam) noexcept;
+
+  // Called when CreateAndShow is called, allowing subclass window-related
+  // setup. Subclasses should return false if setup fails.
+  virtual bool OnCreate();
+
+  // Called when Destroy is called.
+  virtual void OnDestroy();
+
+ private:
+  friend class WindowClassRegistrar;
+
+  // OS callback called by message pump. Handles the WM_NCCREATE message which
+  // is passed when the non-client area is being created and enables automatic
+  // non-client DPI scaling so that the non-client area automatically
+  // responds to changes in DPI. All other messages are handled by
+  // MessageHandler.
+  static LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND const window,
+                                  UINT const message,
+                                  WPARAM const wparam,
+                                  LPARAM const lparam) noexcept;
+
+  // Retrieves a class instance pointer for |window|
+  static Win32Window* GetThisFromHandle(HWND const window) noexcept;
+
+  // Update the window frame's theme to match the system theme.
+  static void UpdateTheme(HWND const window);
+
+  bool quit_on_close_ = false;
+
+  // window handle for top level window.
+  HWND window_handle_ = nullptr;
+
+  // window handle for hosted content.
+  HWND child_content_ = nullptr;
+};
+
+#endif  // RUNNER_WIN32_WINDOW_H_

plugins/camera_desktop/ios/camera_desktop.podspec

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+Pod::Spec.new do |s|
+  s.name             = 'camera_desktop'
+  s.version          = '1.2.1'
+  s.summary          = 'Flutter camera plugin (iOS stub).'
+  s.description      = <<-DESC
+Flutter camera plugin for desktop platforms. iOS stub for platform declaration.
+                       DESC
+  s.homepage         = 'https://github.com/hugocornellier/camera_desktop'
+  s.license          = { :file => '../LICENSE' }
+  s.author           = { 'Hugo Cornellier' => 'hugo@hugocornellier.com' }
+  s.source           = { :path => '.' }
+  s.source_files     = 'camera_desktop/Sources/camera_desktop/**/*.{swift,h,m}'
+  s.dependency 'Flutter'
+  s.platform         = :ios, '13.0'
+
+  s.resource_bundles = { 'camera_desktop_privacy' => ['camera_desktop/Sources/camera_desktop/PrivacyInfo.xcprivacy'] }
+
+  s.pod_target_xcconfig = {
+    'DEFINES_MODULE' => 'YES',
+    'EXCLUDED_ARCHS[sdk=iphonesimulator*]' => 'i386',
+  }
+  s.swift_version = '5.0'
+end

plugins/camera_desktop/ios/camera_desktop/Package.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+// swift-tools-version: 5.9
+
+import PackageDescription
+
+let package = Package(
+    name: "camera_desktop",
+    platforms: [
+        .iOS("13.0")
+    ],
+    products: [
+        .library(name: "camera-desktop", targets: ["camera_desktop"])
+    ],
+    dependencies: [
+        .package(name: "FlutterFramework", path: "../FlutterFramework")
+    ],
+    targets: [
+        .target(
+            name: "camera_desktop",
+            dependencies: [
+                .product(name: "FlutterFramework", package: "FlutterFramework")
+            ],
+            resources: [
+                .process("PrivacyInfo.xcprivacy"),
+            ]
+        )
+    ]
+)

plugins/camera_desktop/ios/camera_desktop/Sources/camera_desktop/CameraDesktopPlugin.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+import Flutter
+import UIKit
+
+public class CameraDesktopPlugin: NSObject, FlutterPlugin {
+  public static func register(with registrar: FlutterPluginRegistrar) {
+    let channel = FlutterMethodChannel(name: "camera_desktop", binaryMessenger: registrar.messenger())
+    let instance = CameraDesktopPlugin()
+    registrar.addMethodCallDelegate(instance, channel: channel)
+  }
+
+  public func handle(_ call: FlutterMethodCall, result: @escaping FlutterResult) {
+    switch call.method {
+    case "getPlatformVersion":
+      result("iOS " + UIDevice.current.systemVersion)
+    default:
+      result(FlutterMethodNotImplemented)
+    }
+  }
+}

plugins/camera_desktop/ios/camera_desktop/Sources/camera_desktop/PrivacyInfo.xcprivacy

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
+<plist version="1.0">
+<dict>
+	<key>NSPrivacyTrackingDomains</key>
+	<array/>
+	<key>NSPrivacyAccessedAPITypes</key>
+	<array/>
+	<key>NSPrivacyCollectedDataTypes</key>
+	<array/>
+	<key>NSPrivacyTracking</key>
+	<false/>
+</dict>
+</plist>

plugins/camera_desktop/lib/camera_desktop.dart

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+/// A Flutter camera plugin for desktop platforms (Linux, macOS, Windows).
+///
+/// This plugin implements [CameraPlatform] from camera_platform_interface,
+/// allowing it to work seamlessly with the standard camera package.
+/// Users simply add camera_desktop as a dependency and the standard
+/// CameraController works on desktop automatically.
+library;
+
+export 'src/camera_desktop_plugin.dart';

plugins/camera_desktop/lib/src/camera_desktop_plugin.dart

@@ -0,0 +1,685 @@
+import 'dart:async';
+import 'dart:io';
+import 'dart:math';
+
+import 'package:camera_platform_interface/camera_platform_interface.dart';
+import 'package:flutter/services.dart';
+import 'package:flutter/widgets.dart';
+import 'package:stream_transform/stream_transform.dart';
+
+import 'image_stream_ffi.dart';
+
+/// Desktop implementation of [CameraPlatform].
+///
+/// On Linux, uses GStreamer + V4L2. On macOS, uses AVFoundation.
+/// On Windows, uses Media Foundation (IMFCaptureEngine).
+///
+/// This plugin registers itself as the camera platform implementation for
+/// desktop. When an app depends on both `camera` and `camera_desktop`, Flutter
+/// automatically calls [registerWith], making [CameraController] work out of
+/// the box.
+class CameraDesktopPlugin extends CameraPlatform {
+  /// Creates a new [CameraDesktopPlugin].
+  ///
+  /// The [channel] parameter is exposed for testing only.
+  CameraDesktopPlugin({
+    @visibleForTesting MethodChannel? channel,
+    this.mirrorPreview = true,
+  }) : _channel =
+           channel ?? const MethodChannel('plugins.flutter.io/camera_desktop');
+
+  /// Registers this class as the default [CameraPlatform] implementation.
+  static void registerWith() {
+    CameraPlatform.instance = CameraDesktopPlugin();
+  }
+
+  /// The method channel used to communicate with the native platform.
+  final MethodChannel _channel;
+
+  /// Returns desktop backend capabilities for feature-gating advanced controls.
+  ///
+  /// Keys are stable capability names (e.g. `supportsMirrorControl`).
+  /// If the native side does not implement this method yet, returns an empty map.
+  Future<Map<String, bool>> getPlatformCapabilities() async {
+    try {
+      final raw = await _channel.invokeMapMethod<String, dynamic>(
+        'getPlatformCapabilities',
+      );
+      if (raw == null) return const <String, bool>{};
+      final out = <String, bool>{};
+      raw.forEach((key, value) {
+        if (value is bool) {
+          out[key] = value;
+        }
+      });
+      return out;
+    } on MissingPluginException {
+      return const <String, bool>{};
+    } on PlatformException {
+      return const <String, bool>{};
+    }
+  }
+
+  /// Whether to mirror the preview horizontally (like a mirror).
+  /// Defaults to `true`. Set to `false` to show the unmirrored camera image.
+  @Deprecated('Mirroring is now handled at the native capture level.')
+  final bool mirrorPreview;
+
+  /// Whether the native → Dart method-call handler has been installed.
+  bool _nativeCallHandlerSet = false;
+
+  /// Lazily installs the native → Dart method-call handler.
+  ///
+  /// Called before the first camera is created. This cannot run in the
+  /// constructor because [registerWith] executes during plugin registration,
+  /// before [WidgetsFlutterBinding.ensureInitialized].
+  void _ensureNativeCallHandler() {
+    if (!_nativeCallHandlerSet) {
+      _channel.setMethodCallHandler(_handleNativeCall);
+      _nativeCallHandlerSet = true;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /// Mapping from cameraId to textureId (separate to decouple lifecycles).
+  final Map<int, int> _textureIds = {};
+
+  /// Broadcast stream for all camera events, filtered by cameraId downstream.
+  final StreamController<CameraEvent> _eventStreamController =
+      StreamController<CameraEvent>.broadcast();
+
+  /// Per-camera image stream controllers for [onStreamedFrameAvailable].
+  ///
+  /// Only populated when [ImageStreamFfi] is unavailable and the fallback
+  /// MethodChannel path is used for frame delivery. When FFI is active,
+  /// frames bypass this map entirely and `_handleNativeCall`'s
+  /// `imageStreamFrame` branch is a no-op for that camera.
+  final Map<int, StreamController<CameraImageData>> _imageStreamControllers =
+      {};
+
+  /// Active image streams (FFI or fallback) keyed by cameraId.
+  ///
+  /// Lets [dispose] tear down a stream whose subscription was never cancelled —
+  /// e.g. when an app disposes its `CameraController` without first calling
+  /// `stopImageStream()`. In that case `onCancel` never fires, so without this
+  /// the FFI poll timer (and its controller) would leak and keep polling.
+  final Map<int, _ActiveImageStream> _activeImageStreams = {};
+
+  /// Factory for the FFI image-stream poller. Overridable in tests to inject a
+  /// fake (or capture the real) poller without depending on call timing.
+  @visibleForTesting
+  ImageStreamPoller? Function(int streamHandle) imageStreamPollerFactory =
+      ImageStreamFfi.tryCreate;
+
+  /// Handles method calls from the native side (events pushed to Dart).
+  ///
+  /// Dispatches `cameraError`, `cameraClosing`, and `imageStreamFrame`
+  /// events from native code into the appropriate Dart stream controllers.
+  Future<dynamic> _handleNativeCall(MethodCall call) async {
+    final args = call.arguments as Map<Object?, Object?>?;
+    switch (call.method) {
+      case 'cameraError':
+        final cameraId = args!['cameraId']! as int;
+        final description = args['description']! as String;
+        _eventStreamController.add(CameraErrorEvent(cameraId, description));
+      case 'cameraClosing':
+        final cameraId = args!['cameraId']! as int;
+        _eventStreamController.add(CameraClosingEvent(cameraId));
+      case 'imageStreamFrame':
+        final cameraId = args!['cameraId']! as int;
+        final controller = _imageStreamControllers[cameraId];
+        if (controller != null && !controller.isClosed) {
+          final width = args['width']! as int;
+          final height = args['height']! as int;
+          final bytesPerRow = args['bytesPerRow'] as int? ?? (width * 4);
+          final bytes = args['bytes']! as Uint8List;
+          controller.add(
+            CameraImageData(
+              format: CameraImageFormat(
+                ImageFormatGroup.bgra8888,
+                raw: Platform.isMacOS ? 'BGRA' : 'RGBA',
+              ),
+              width: width,
+              height: height,
+              planes: [
+                CameraImagePlane(
+                  bytes: bytes,
+                  bytesPerRow: bytesPerRow,
+                  bytesPerPixel: 4,
+                  width: width,
+                  height: height,
+                ),
+              ],
+            ),
+          );
+        }
+    }
+  }
+
+  /// Filters the global event stream to events for a specific [cameraId].
+  Stream<CameraEvent> _cameraEvents(int cameraId) => _eventStreamController
+      .stream
+      .where((CameraEvent e) => e.cameraId == cameraId);
+
+  @override
+  Future<List<CameraDescription>> availableCameras() async {
+    final result = await _channel.invokeListMethod<Map<dynamic, dynamic>>(
+      'availableCameras',
+    );
+    if (result == null) return <CameraDescription>[];
+    return result.map((Map<dynamic, dynamic> m) {
+      return CameraDescription(
+        name: m['name'] as String,
+        lensDirection: CameraLensDirection.values[m['lensDirection'] as int],
+        sensorOrientation: m['sensorOrientation'] as int,
+      );
+    }).toList();
+  }
+
+  @override
+  Future<int> createCamera(
+    CameraDescription cameraDescription,
+    ResolutionPreset? resolutionPreset, {
+    bool enableAudio = false,
+  }) async {
+    return createCameraWithSettings(
+      cameraDescription,
+      MediaSettings(
+        resolutionPreset: resolutionPreset,
+        enableAudio: enableAudio,
+      ),
+    );
+  }
+
+  /// Creates a camera with the given [mediaSettings].
+  ///
+  /// The `videoBitrate` and `audioBitrate` fields are accessed via dynamic
+  /// dispatch with try/catch because older versions of
+  /// `camera_platform_interface` may not expose them.
+  @override
+  Future<int> createCameraWithSettings(
+    CameraDescription cameraDescription,
+    MediaSettings mediaSettings,
+  ) async {
+    _ensureNativeCallHandler();
+    int? videoBitrate;
+    try {
+      final dynamic dynamicSettings = mediaSettings;
+      final dynamic value = dynamicSettings.videoBitrate;
+      if (value is int) {
+        videoBitrate = value;
+      } else if (value is num) {
+        videoBitrate = value.toInt();
+      }
+    } catch (_) {}
+    int? audioBitrate;
+    try {
+      final dynamic dynamicSettings = mediaSettings;
+      final dynamic value = dynamicSettings.audioBitrate;
+      if (value is int) {
+        audioBitrate = value;
+      } else if (value is num) {
+        audioBitrate = value.toInt();
+      }
+    } catch (_) {}
+    try {
+      final result = await _channel.invokeMapMethod<String, dynamic>('create', {
+        'cameraName': cameraDescription.name,
+        'resolutionPreset':
+            mediaSettings.resolutionPreset?.index ?? ResolutionPreset.max.index,
+        'enableAudio': mediaSettings.enableAudio,
+        'fps': mediaSettings.fps,
+        if (videoBitrate != null) 'videoBitrate': videoBitrate,
+        if (audioBitrate != null) 'audioBitrate': audioBitrate,
+      });
+      final cameraId = result!['cameraId'] as int;
+      final textureId = result['textureId'] as int;
+      _textureIds[cameraId] = textureId;
+      return cameraId;
+    } on PlatformException catch (e) {
+      throw CameraException(e.code, e.message);
+    }
+  }
+
+  @override
+  Future<void> initializeCamera(
+    int cameraId, {
+    ImageFormatGroup imageFormatGroup = ImageFormatGroup.unknown,
+  }) async {
+    try {
+      final result = await _channel.invokeMapMethod<String, dynamic>(
+        'initialize',
+        {'cameraId': cameraId},
+      );
+      _eventStreamController.add(
+        CameraInitializedEvent(
+          cameraId,
+          (result!['previewWidth'] as num).toDouble(),
+          (result['previewHeight'] as num).toDouble(),
+          ExposureMode.auto,
+          false,
+          FocusMode.auto,
+          false,
+        ),
+      );
+    } on PlatformException catch (e) {
+      _eventStreamController.add(
+        CameraErrorEvent(cameraId, e.message ?? 'Initialization failed'),
+      );
+      throw CameraException(e.code, e.message);
+    }
+  }
+
+  /// Disposes the camera and releases all associated resources.
+  ///
+  /// Platform exceptions during disposal are silently ignored to ensure
+  /// cleanup always completes.
+  @override
+  Future<void> dispose(int cameraId) async {
+    // Stop any active image-stream poller BEFORE native dispose. This prevents
+    // a leaked 8ms poll timer when the stream subscription was never cancelled
+    // (CameraController.dispose() does not stop image streams), and ensures no
+    // Dart poll reads a shared buffer the native side is about to free.
+    final active = _activeImageStreams.remove(cameraId);
+    if (active != null) {
+      active.tornDown = true;
+      active.ffi?.stop();
+    }
+    try {
+      await _channel.invokeMethod<void>('dispose', {'cameraId': cameraId});
+    } on PlatformException catch (_) {
+    } finally {
+      _textureIds.remove(cameraId);
+      final imageController = _imageStreamControllers.remove(cameraId);
+      if (imageController != null && !imageController.isClosed) {
+        imageController.close();
+      }
+      if (active != null) {
+        active.ffi?.dispose();
+        if (!active.controller.isClosed) {
+          await active.controller.close();
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  @override
+  Stream<CameraInitializedEvent> onCameraInitialized(int cameraId) =>
+      _cameraEvents(cameraId).whereType<CameraInitializedEvent>();
+
+  @override
+  Stream<CameraResolutionChangedEvent> onCameraResolutionChanged(
+    int cameraId,
+  ) => _cameraEvents(cameraId).whereType<CameraResolutionChangedEvent>();
+
+  @override
+  Stream<CameraClosingEvent> onCameraClosing(int cameraId) =>
+      _cameraEvents(cameraId).whereType<CameraClosingEvent>();
+
+  @override
+  Stream<CameraErrorEvent> onCameraError(int cameraId) =>
+      _cameraEvents(cameraId).whereType<CameraErrorEvent>();
+
+  @override
+  Stream<VideoRecordedEvent> onVideoRecordedEvent(int cameraId) =>
+      _cameraEvents(cameraId).whereType<VideoRecordedEvent>();
+
+  @override
+  Stream<DeviceOrientationChangedEvent> onDeviceOrientationChanged() =>
+      Stream<DeviceOrientationChangedEvent>.value(
+        const DeviceOrientationChangedEvent(DeviceOrientation.landscapeLeft),
+      );
+
+  /// Builds the camera preview widget for the given [cameraId].
+  ///
+  /// On macOS and Linux the native backend mirrors the texture, so the
+  /// [Texture] widget is returned as-is. On Windows, IMFCaptureEngine does
+  /// not mirror natively, so the texture is wrapped in a horizontal
+  /// [Transform] flip.
+  @override
+  Widget buildPreview(int cameraId) {
+    final textureId = _textureIds[cameraId];
+    if (textureId == null) {
+      throw CameraException(
+        'buildPreview',
+        'Camera $cameraId has no registered texture. '
+            'Was createCamera called?',
+      );
+    }
+    final texture = Texture(textureId: textureId);
+    if (!Platform.isWindows) return texture;
+    return Transform(
+      alignment: Alignment.center,
+      transform: Matrix4.diagonal3Values(-1, 1, 1),
+      child: texture,
+    );
+  }
+
+  @override
+  Future<void> pausePreview(int cameraId) async {
+    try {
+      await _channel.invokeMethod<void>('pausePreview', {'cameraId': cameraId});
+    } on PlatformException catch (e) {
+      throw CameraException(e.code, e.message);
+    }
+  }
+
+  @override
+  Future<void> resumePreview(int cameraId) async {
+    try {
+      await _channel.invokeMethod<void>('resumePreview', {
+        'cameraId': cameraId,
+      });
+    } on PlatformException catch (e) {
+      throw CameraException(e.code, e.message);
+    }
+  }
+
+  /// Toggles horizontal mirroring on the live camera feed.
+  ///
+  /// On macOS, this sets `isVideoMirrored` on the AVCaptureConnection.
+  /// On Linux, this toggles the `videoflip` GStreamer element's method.
+  /// On Windows, this returns a platform `unsupported` error.
+  ///
+  /// Can be called while the camera is running, no restart needed.
+  /// Silently ignored via [MissingPluginException] if the native side
+  /// has no handler for this platform.
+  Future<void> setMirror(int cameraId, bool mirrored) async {
+    try {
+      await _channel.invokeMethod<void>('setMirror', {
+        'cameraId': cameraId,
+        'mirrored': mirrored,
+      });
+    } on MissingPluginException catch (_) {
+    } on PlatformException catch (e) {
+      throw CameraException(e.code, e.message);
+    }
+  }
+
+  @override
+  bool supportsImageStreaming() => true;
+
+  /// Returns a stream of [CameraImageData] frames from the camera.
+  ///
+  /// Image delivery uses a two-path architecture:
+  /// 1. **FFI path** (preferred): reads directly from a native shared buffer
+  ///    via `dart:ffi` for minimal copies (1 per frame). When active, frames
+  ///    bypass [_imageStreamControllers] entirely, so `_handleNativeCall`'s
+  ///    `imageStreamFrame` branch is a no-op for that camera.
+  /// 2. **MethodChannel fallback**: if FFI setup fails (symbols not found),
+  ///    frames are delivered through `_handleNativeCall` and stored in
+  ///    [_imageStreamControllers].
+  ///
+  /// The stream handle returned by native `startImageStream` may be an int
+  /// directly or a map containing a `streamHandle` key. Falls back to
+  /// [cameraId] for backward compatibility with older native implementations.
+  @override
+  Stream<CameraImageData> onStreamedFrameAvailable(
+    int cameraId, {
+    CameraImageStreamOptions? options,
+  }) {
+    int extractStreamHandle(dynamic value) {
+      if (value is int) return value;
+      if (value is Map<dynamic, dynamic>) {
+        final dynamic raw = value['streamHandle'];
+        if (raw is int) return raw;
+      }
+      return cameraId;
+    }
+
+    ImageStreamPoller? ffi;
+    int streamHandle = cameraId;
+    late final StreamController<CameraImageData> controller;
+
+    controller = StreamController<CameraImageData>(
+      onListen: () async {
+        // Register the active stream up front so a concurrent dispose() can
+        // find and tear it down even while startImageStream is still in flight.
+        final active = _ActiveImageStream(controller);
+        _activeImageStreams[cameraId] = active;
+
+        final dynamic value = await _channel.invokeMethod<dynamic>(
+          'startImageStream',
+          {'cameraId': cameraId},
+        );
+        streamHandle = extractStreamHandle(value);
+
+        // dispose() may have run while we awaited startImageStream. If so, do
+        // not start polling — the camera is already being torn down.
+        if (active.tornDown) return;
+
+        ffi = imageStreamPollerFactory(streamHandle);
+        active.ffi = ffi;
+        if (ffi == null) {
+          _imageStreamControllers[cameraId] = controller;
+        } else {
+          ffi!.start(controller);
+        }
+      },
+      onCancel: () async {
+        final active = _activeImageStreams.remove(cameraId);
+        // If dispose() already took over teardown, it owns the native stop and
+        // FFI cleanup. Just ensure the local poller is stopped and bail, so we
+        // never call stopImageStream on an already-disposed camera.
+        if (active == null || active.tornDown) {
+          ffi?.stop();
+          ffi?.dispose();
+          return;
+        }
+
+        // Unregister the native callback first so no new frames are dispatched.
+        ffi?.stop();
+        _imageStreamControllers.remove(cameraId);
+        // Tell native to stop streaming. Wrapped defensively: the camera may
+        // have been disposed between the check above and this call.
+        try {
+          await _channel.invokeMethod<void>('stopImageStream', {
+            'cameraId': cameraId,
+            'streamHandle': streamHandle,
+          });
+        } on PlatformException catch (_) {}
+        // Native has stopped, safe to release FFI resources.
+        ffi?.dispose();
+      },
+      onPause: () {},
+      onResume: () {},
+    );
+
+    return controller.stream;
+  }
+
+  @override
+  Future<XFile> takePicture(int cameraId) async {
+    try {
+      final path = await _channel.invokeMethod<String>('takePicture', {
+        'cameraId': cameraId,
+      });
+      return XFile(path!);
+    } on PlatformException catch (e) {
+      throw CameraException(e.code, e.message);
+    }
+  }
+
+  /// No-op on desktop, no preparation needed before recording.
+  @override
+  Future<void> prepareForVideoRecording() async {}
+
+  @override
+  Future<void> startVideoCapturing(VideoCaptureOptions options) async {
+    if (options.streamCallback != null) {
+      throw CameraException(
+        'startVideoCapturing',
+        'Simultaneous recording and streaming via streamCallback is not yet supported on desktop. Use onStreamedFrameAvailable() and startVideoRecording() separately.',
+      );
+    }
+    await startVideoRecording(options.cameraId);
+  }
+
+  @override
+  Future<void> startVideoRecording(
+    int cameraId, {
+    Duration? maxVideoDuration,
+  }) async {
+    try {
+      await _channel.invokeMethod<void>('startVideoRecording', {
+        'cameraId': cameraId,
+        if (maxVideoDuration != null)
+          'maxVideoDuration': maxVideoDuration.inMilliseconds,
+      });
+    } on PlatformException catch (e) {
+      throw CameraException(e.code, e.message);
+    }
+  }
+
+  @override
+  Future<XFile> stopVideoRecording(int cameraId) async {
+    try {
+      final dynamic value = await _channel.invokeMethod<dynamic>(
+        'stopVideoRecording',
+        {'cameraId': cameraId},
+      );
+      if (value is String) {
+        return XFile(value);
+      }
+      final map = value as Map<dynamic, dynamic>;
+      final path = map['path'] as String?;
+      if (path == null || path.isEmpty) {
+        throw CameraException(
+          'stopVideoRecording',
+          'Native stopVideoRecording returned no output path.',
+        );
+      }
+      return XFile(path);
+    } on PlatformException catch (e) {
+      throw CameraException(e.code, e.message);
+    }
+  }
+
+  @override
+  Future<void> pauseVideoRecording(int cameraId) async {
+    throw CameraException(
+      'pauseVideoRecording',
+      'Pausing video recording is not supported on desktop.',
+    );
+  }
+
+  @override
+  Future<void> resumeVideoRecording(int cameraId) async {
+    throw CameraException(
+      'resumeVideoRecording',
+      'Resuming video recording is not supported on desktop.',
+    );
+  }
+
+  /// No-op for [FlashMode.off]; desktop cameras typically lack flash hardware.
+  @override
+  Future<void> setFlashMode(int cameraId, FlashMode mode) async {
+    if (mode == FlashMode.off) {
+      return;
+    }
+    throw CameraException(
+      'setFlashMode',
+      'Flash mode is not supported on desktop.',
+    );
+  }
+
+  /// No-op for [ExposureMode.auto] (the default); throws otherwise.
+  @override
+  Future<void> setExposureMode(int cameraId, ExposureMode mode) async {
+    if (mode == ExposureMode.auto) return;
+    throw CameraException(
+      'setExposureMode',
+      'Exposure mode control is not supported on desktop.',
+    );
+  }
+
+  @override
+  Future<void> setExposurePoint(int cameraId, Point<double>? point) async {
+    throw CameraException(
+      'setExposurePoint',
+      'Exposure point is not supported on desktop.',
+    );
+  }
+
+  @override
+  Future<double> getMinExposureOffset(int cameraId) async => 0.0;
+
+  @override
+  Future<double> getMaxExposureOffset(int cameraId) async => 0.0;
+
+  @override
+  Future<double> getExposureOffsetStepSize(int cameraId) async => 0.0;
+
+  @override
+  Future<double> setExposureOffset(int cameraId, double offset) async => 0.0;
+
+  /// No-op for [FocusMode.auto] (the default); throws otherwise.
+  @override
+  Future<void> setFocusMode(int cameraId, FocusMode mode) async {
+    if (mode == FocusMode.auto) return;
+    throw CameraException(
+      'setFocusMode',
+      'Focus mode control is not supported on desktop.',
+    );
+  }
+
+  @override
+  Future<void> setFocusPoint(int cameraId, Point<double>? point) async {
+    throw CameraException(
+      'setFocusPoint',
+      'Focus point is not supported on desktop.',
+    );
+  }
+
+  @override
+  Future<double> getMinZoomLevel(int cameraId) async => 1.0;
+
+  @override
+  Future<double> getMaxZoomLevel(int cameraId) async => 1.0;
+
+  @override
+  Future<void> setZoomLevel(int cameraId, double zoom) async {
+    if (zoom != 1.0) {
+      throw CameraException(
+        'setZoomLevel',
+        'Zoom is not supported on desktop. Only 1.0 is accepted.',
+      );
+    }
+  }
+
+  /// No-op on desktop, orientation locking is not applicable.
+  @override
+  Future<void> lockCaptureOrientation(
+    int cameraId,
+    DeviceOrientation orientation,
+  ) async {}
+
+  /// No-op on desktop, orientation locking is not applicable.
+  @override
+  Future<void> unlockCaptureOrientation(int cameraId) async {}
+
+  @override
+  Future<void> setDescriptionWhileRecording(
+    CameraDescription description,
+  ) async {
+    throw CameraException(
+      'setDescriptionWhileRecording',
+      'Switching camera during recording is not supported on desktop.',
+    );
+  }
+}
+
+/// Tracks a single active image stream so [CameraDesktopPlugin.dispose] can tear
+/// it down even when its subscription was never cancelled.
+class _ActiveImageStream {
+  _ActiveImageStream(this.controller);
+
+  /// The controller backing the camera's image stream.
+  final StreamController<CameraImageData> controller;
+
+  /// The FFI poller, if the FFI fast path is active (null on the fallback path).
+  ImageStreamPoller? ffi;
+
+  /// Set once [CameraDesktopPlugin.dispose] has taken over teardown, so
+  /// `onListen`/`onCancel` know not to start polling or to double-stop native.
+  bool tornDown = false;
+}

plugins/camera_desktop/lib/src/camera_desktop_stub.dart

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+/// Flutter plugin registration stub for Dart-only initialization.
+///
+/// This class is automatically used by Flutter's plugin registration system
+/// to initialize the camera_desktop plugin on platforms that support
+/// Dart-only plugins.
+///
+/// **Note:** End users do not need to interact with this class directly.
+/// Flutter handles plugin registration automatically.
+class CameraDesktopDart {
+  /// Creates an instance for Dart-only plugin registration.
+  const CameraDesktopDart();
+
+  /// Registers the Dart implementation of this plugin.
+  ///
+  /// Called automatically by Flutter during plugin initialization.
+  /// Do not call this method directly.
+  static void registerWith() {}
+}

plugins/camera_desktop/lib/src/camera_desktop_web.dart

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+/// Web plugin registration stub.
+class CameraDesktopWeb {
+  /// No-op registration, camera_desktop is a desktop-only plugin.
+  static void registerWith(dynamic registrar) {}
+}

plugins/camera_desktop/lib/src/image_stream_ffi.dart

@@ -0,0 +1,292 @@
+import 'dart:async';
+import 'dart:ffi';
+import 'dart:io';
+
+import 'package:camera_platform_interface/camera_platform_interface.dart';
+import 'package:flutter/foundation.dart';
+
+/// FFI struct matching the native ImageStreamBuffer layout (32-byte header).
+///
+/// Layout:
+///   int64_t sequence      (offset 0)
+///   int32_t width         (offset 8)
+///   int32_t height        (offset 12)
+///   int32_t bytes_per_row (offset 16)
+///   int32_t format        (offset 20)  -- 0=BGRA, 1=RGBA
+///   int32_t ready         (offset 24)  -- 1=Dart may read, 0=native writing
+///   int32_t _pad          (offset 28)
+///   uint8_t pixels[]      (offset 32)
+final class ImageStreamBuffer extends Struct {
+  /// Frame sequence number, incremented by native code for each new frame.
+  @Int64()
+  external int sequence;
+
+  /// Frame width in pixels.
+  @Int32()
+  external int width;
+
+  /// Frame height in pixels.
+  @Int32()
+  external int height;
+
+  /// Number of bytes per row (may include padding beyond width * 4).
+  @Int32()
+  external int bytesPerRow;
+
+  /// Pixel format: 0 = BGRA (macOS), 1 = RGBA (Linux/Windows).
+  @Int32()
+  external int format;
+
+  /// Ready flag: 1 = Dart may read, 0 = native is writing.
+  @Int32()
+  external int ready;
+
+  /// Padding for 8-byte alignment.
+  @Int32()
+  // ignore: unused_field
+  external int _pad;
+}
+
+/// Native function signature for retrieving the shared image buffer pointer.
+typedef _GetBufferNative = Pointer<Void> Function(Int64 streamHandle);
+
+/// Dart-side function type for [_GetBufferNative].
+typedef _GetBufferDart = Pointer<Void> Function(int streamHandle);
+
+/// Native function signature for registering a frame-ready callback.
+typedef _RegisterCallbackNative =
+    Void Function(
+      Int64 streamHandle,
+      Pointer<NativeFunction<Void Function(Int32)>> callback,
+    );
+
+/// Dart-side function type for [_RegisterCallbackNative].
+typedef _RegisterCallbackDart =
+    void Function(
+      int streamHandle,
+      Pointer<NativeFunction<Void Function(Int32)>> callback,
+    );
+
+/// Native function signature for unregistering a frame-ready callback.
+typedef _UnregisterCallbackNative = Void Function(Int64 streamHandle);
+
+/// Dart-side function type for [_UnregisterCallbackNative].
+typedef _UnregisterCallbackDart = void Function(int streamHandle);
+
+/// Minimal interface for an image-stream frame poller, so the plugin can hold
+/// either a real [ImageStreamFfi] or a test fake.
+abstract interface class ImageStreamPoller {
+  /// Begins delivering frames to [controller].
+  void start(StreamController<CameraImageData> controller);
+
+  /// Stops delivering frames (cancels the poll timer).
+  void stop();
+
+  /// Releases all resources.
+  void dispose();
+}
+
+/// Manages FFI-based image stream for a single camera.
+///
+/// Instead of receiving frame data through MethodChannel serialization
+/// (3 copies per frame), this reads directly from a native shared buffer
+/// via dart:ffi (1 copy per frame, into a Dart-owned Uint8List).
+///
+/// If FFI setup fails (symbols not found, library not loadable), returns
+/// null from [tryCreate] and the caller falls back to MethodChannel.
+class ImageStreamFfi implements ImageStreamPoller {
+  ImageStreamFfi._(
+    this._streamHandle,
+    this._getBuffer,
+    this._registerCallback,
+    this._unregisterCallback,
+    this._nativeNoopCallback,
+  );
+
+  /// The native stream handle used to identify this stream to native code.
+  final int _streamHandle;
+
+  /// FFI function to retrieve the shared buffer pointer.
+  final _GetBufferDart _getBuffer;
+
+  /// FFI function to register a frame-ready callback with native code.
+  final _RegisterCallbackDart _registerCallback;
+
+  /// FFI function to unregister the frame-ready callback.
+  final _UnregisterCallbackDart _unregisterCallback;
+
+  /// A native no-op callback symbol.
+  ///
+  /// Registered with native to keep the shared-buffer FFI fast path active
+  /// without storing a Dart callback trampoline that can become invalid after
+  /// hot restart.
+  final Pointer<NativeFunction<Void Function(Int32)>> _nativeNoopCallback;
+
+  /// Polls the shared buffer for new sequence numbers.
+  Timer? _pollTimer;
+
+  /// Prevents re-entrant polling when frame decoding/copying takes longer than
+  /// the poll interval.
+  bool _pollInProgress = false;
+
+  /// The stream controller to which decoded frames are added.
+  StreamController<CameraImageData>? _controller;
+
+  /// The sequence number of the last frame delivered, used to skip duplicates.
+  int _lastSequence = 0;
+
+  /// Number of poll ticks executed since [start]. Test/diagnostic hook used to
+  /// verify the poller actually stops after the stream is torn down.
+  @visibleForTesting
+  int pollCount = 0;
+
+  /// Attempts to set up the FFI image stream.
+  ///
+  /// Returns null if the native library or required symbols cannot be found,
+  /// allowing the caller to fall back to MethodChannel frame delivery.
+  static ImageStreamFfi? tryCreate(int streamHandle) {
+    try {
+      final lib = _loadNativeLibrary();
+
+      final getBuffer = lib.lookupFunction<_GetBufferNative, _GetBufferDart>(
+        'camera_desktop_get_image_stream_buffer',
+      );
+      final registerCallback = lib
+          .lookupFunction<_RegisterCallbackNative, _RegisterCallbackDart>(
+            'camera_desktop_register_image_stream_callback',
+          );
+      final unregisterCallback = lib
+          .lookupFunction<_UnregisterCallbackNative, _UnregisterCallbackDart>(
+            'camera_desktop_unregister_image_stream_callback',
+          );
+      final nativeNoopCallback = lib
+          .lookup<NativeFunction<Void Function(Int32)>>(
+            'camera_desktop_image_stream_noop_callback',
+          );
+
+      return ImageStreamFfi._(
+        streamHandle,
+        getBuffer,
+        registerCallback,
+        unregisterCallback,
+        nativeNoopCallback,
+      );
+    } catch (_) {
+      return null;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /// Loads the native library containing the FFI image stream symbols.
+  ///
+  /// On all desktop platforms, the plugin's native code is compiled into a
+  /// shared library loaded by the Flutter engine. [DynamicLibrary.process]
+  /// searches the current process's symbol table. On Windows, falls back to
+  /// explicitly opening `camera_desktop_plugin.dll` if process lookup fails.
+  static DynamicLibrary _loadNativeLibrary() {
+    if (Platform.isMacOS || Platform.isLinux) {
+      return DynamicLibrary.process();
+    }
+    if (Platform.isWindows) {
+      try {
+        return DynamicLibrary.process();
+      } catch (_) {
+        return DynamicLibrary.open('camera_desktop_plugin.dll');
+      }
+    }
+    throw UnsupportedError('Unsupported platform for FFI image stream');
+  }
+
+  /// Registers a native no-op callback and starts polling the shared buffer.
+  ///
+  /// Using a native callback symbol (instead of [NativeCallable.listener])
+  /// avoids stale Dart callback metadata crashes during hot restart.
+  @override
+  void start(StreamController<CameraImageData> controller) {
+    _controller = controller;
+    _lastSequence = 0;
+    _pollInProgress = false;
+
+    _registerCallback(_streamHandle, _nativeNoopCallback);
+    _pollTimer?.cancel();
+    _pollTimer = Timer.periodic(
+      const Duration(milliseconds: 8),
+      (_) => _pollForFrame(),
+    );
+    _pollForFrame();
+  }
+
+  /// Polls for one new frame and emits it if sequence has advanced.
+  void _pollForFrame() {
+    pollCount++;
+    if (_pollInProgress) return;
+    _pollInProgress = true;
+    try {
+      _readLatestFrame();
+    } finally {
+      _pollInProgress = false;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /// Reads the shared buffer, skips duplicate
+  /// frames by comparing sequence numbers, creates a zero-copy view over
+  /// the native pixel buffer, then copies into a Dart-owned [Uint8List]
+  /// (1 copy, required by the platform interface contract).
+  void _readLatestFrame() {
+    final controller = _controller;
+    if (controller == null || controller.isClosed) return;
+
+    final bufPtr = _getBuffer(_streamHandle);
+    if (bufPtr == nullptr) return;
+
+    final buf = bufPtr.cast<ImageStreamBuffer>().ref;
+    if (buf.ready != 1) return;
+
+    if (buf.sequence <= _lastSequence) return;
+    _lastSequence = buf.sequence;
+
+    final width = buf.width;
+    final height = buf.height;
+    final bytesPerRow = buf.bytesPerRow;
+    final format = buf.format;
+    final dataSize = bytesPerRow * height;
+
+    final pixelsPtr = bufPtr.cast<Uint8>() + sizeOf<ImageStreamBuffer>();
+    final nativeView = pixelsPtr.asTypedList(dataSize);
+
+    final bytes = Uint8List.fromList(nativeView);
+
+    final rawFormat = format == 0 ? 'BGRA' : 'RGBA';
+
+    controller.add(
+      CameraImageData(
+        format: CameraImageFormat(ImageFormatGroup.bgra8888, raw: rawFormat),
+        width: width,
+        height: height,
+        planes: [
+          CameraImagePlane(
+            bytes: bytes,
+            bytesPerRow: bytesPerRow,
+            bytesPerPixel: 4,
+            width: width,
+            height: height,
+          ),
+        ],
+      ),
+    );
+  }
+
+  /// Unregisters the native callback.
+  @override
+  void stop() {
+    _pollTimer?.cancel();
+    _pollTimer = null;
+    _unregisterCallback(_streamHandle);
+  }
+
+  /// Releases all resources.
+  @override
+  void dispose() {
+    stop();
+    _controller = null;
+  }
+}

plugins/camera_desktop/linux/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.10)
+
+set(PROJECT_NAME "camera_desktop")
+project(${PROJECT_NAME} LANGUAGES CXX)
+
+set(PLUGIN_NAME "camera_desktop_plugin")
+
+list(APPEND PLUGIN_SOURCES
+  "camera_desktop_plugin.cc"
+  "camera_texture.cc"
+  "camera.cc"
+  "device_enumerator.cc"
+  "photo_handler.cc"
+  "record_handler.cc"
+  "image_stream_ffi.cc"
+  "pipewire_portal.cc"
+)
+
+add_library(${PLUGIN_NAME} SHARED
+  ${PLUGIN_SOURCES}
+)
+
+apply_standard_settings(${PLUGIN_NAME})
+
+set_target_properties(${PLUGIN_NAME} PROPERTIES
+  CXX_VISIBILITY_PRESET hidden)
+target_compile_definitions(${PLUGIN_NAME} PRIVATE FLUTTER_PLUGIN_IMPL)
+
+target_include_directories(${PLUGIN_NAME} INTERFACE
+  "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/include")
+target_include_directories(${PLUGIN_NAME} PRIVATE
+  "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}")
+
+target_link_libraries(${PLUGIN_NAME} PRIVATE flutter)
+target_link_libraries(${PLUGIN_NAME} PRIVATE PkgConfig::GTK)
+
+# GStreamer dependencies
+find_package(PkgConfig REQUIRED)
+pkg_check_modules(GSTREAMER REQUIRED
+  gstreamer-1.0
+  gstreamer-app-1.0
+  gstreamer-video-1.0
+)
+target_include_directories(${PLUGIN_NAME} PRIVATE ${GSTREAMER_INCLUDE_DIRS})
+target_link_libraries(${PLUGIN_NAME} PRIVATE ${GSTREAMER_LIBRARIES})
+
+set(camera_desktop_bundled_libraries
+  ""
+  PARENT_SCOPE
+)
+
+if(include_camera_desktop_tests)
+  add_subdirectory(test)
+endif()

plugins/camera_desktop/linux/camera.cc

@@ -0,0 +1,771 @@
+#include "camera.h"
+#include "photo_handler.h"
+
+#include <gio/gio.h>
+#include <gst/video/video.h>
+
+#include <atomic>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstring>
+
+static const guint kInitTimeoutMs = 8000;
+
+Camera::Camera(int camera_id,
+               FlTextureRegistrar* texture_registrar,
+               FlMethodChannel* method_channel,
+               const CameraConfig& config)
+    : camera_id_(camera_id),
+      texture_id_(-1),
+      state_(CameraState::kCreated),
+      config_(config),
+      texture_registrar_(texture_registrar),
+      method_channel_(method_channel),
+      texture_(nullptr),
+      pipeline_(nullptr),
+      tee_(nullptr),
+      appsink_(nullptr),
+      videoflip_(nullptr),
+      bus_watch_id_(0),
+      init_timeout_id_(0),
+      record_handler_(std::make_unique<RecordHandler>()),
+      pending_init_call_(nullptr),
+      first_frame_received_(false),
+      preview_paused_(false),
+      image_streaming_(false),
+      image_stream_callback_(nullptr),
+      actual_width_(0),
+      actual_height_(0) {}
+
+Camera::~Camera() {
+  Dispose();
+}
+
+int64_t Camera::RegisterTexture() {
+  texture_ = camera_texture_new();
+  FlTexture* fl_tex = camera_texture_as_fl_texture(texture_);
+  if (!fl_texture_registrar_register_texture(texture_registrar_, fl_tex)) {
+    g_info("[camera_desktop] Camera %d: failed to register Flutter texture",
+           camera_id_);
+    g_object_unref(texture_);
+    texture_ = nullptr;
+    return -1;
+  }
+  texture_id_ = fl_texture_get_id(fl_tex);
+  return texture_id_;
+}
+
+void Camera::Initialize(FlMethodCall* method_call) {
+  if (state_.load() != CameraState::kCreated) {
+    g_info("[camera_desktop] Camera %d: Initialize called in unexpected state %d",
+           camera_id_, static_cast<int>(state_.load()));
+    g_autoptr(FlValue) error_details = fl_value_new_null();
+    fl_method_call_respond_error(method_call, "already_initialized",
+                                 "Camera is already initialized or disposed",
+                                 error_details, nullptr);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  state_.store(CameraState::kInitializing);
+  pending_init_call_ = FL_METHOD_CALL(g_object_ref(method_call));
+  first_frame_received_.store(false);
+
+  g_info("[camera_desktop] Initializing camera %d (%s backend, %dx%d@%dfps)",
+         camera_id_,
+         config_.backend == CameraBackend::kPipeWire ? "PipeWire" : "V4L2",
+         config_.target_width, config_.target_height, config_.target_fps);
+
+  GError* error = nullptr;
+  if (!BuildPipeline(&error)) {
+    g_info("[camera_desktop] Camera %d: BuildPipeline failed: %s", camera_id_,
+           error ? error->message : "unknown error");
+    RespondToPendingInit(false, error->message);
+    g_error_free(error);
+    state_.store(CameraState::kCreated);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Set pipeline to PLAYING.
+  GstStateChangeReturn ret =
+      gst_element_set_state(pipeline_, GST_STATE_PLAYING);
+  if (ret == GST_STATE_CHANGE_FAILURE) {
+    g_info("[camera_desktop] Camera %d: gst_element_set_state(PLAYING) failed",
+           camera_id_);
+    RespondToPendingInit(false, "Failed to start GStreamer pipeline");
+    gst_object_unref(pipeline_);
+    pipeline_ = nullptr;
+    appsink_ = nullptr;
+    state_.store(CameraState::kCreated);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Set a timeout for initialization, if no frame arrives in time, fail.
+  init_timeout_id_ =
+      g_timeout_add(kInitTimeoutMs, Camera::OnInitTimeout, this);
+}
+
+bool Camera::BuildPipeline(GError** error) {
+  // Build pipeline with a tee to support branching for recording:
+  //   [source] ! videoconvert ! videoscale ! videorate ! caps ! tee name=t
+  //     t. ! queue ! appsink (preview)
+  //     t. ! [recording branch, added later by RecordHandler]
+  //
+  // videoscale/videorate let v4l2src negotiate a native mode (e.g. MJPEG or a
+  // lower YUYV resolution) instead of failing not-negotiated when the device
+  // cannot output the target size/fps in uncompressed YUV (common on USB cams).
+  const int w = config_.target_width;
+  const int h = config_.target_height;
+  const int fps = config_.target_fps;
+
+  gchar preview_tail[512];
+  g_snprintf(
+      preview_tail, sizeof(preview_tail),
+      "! videoflip name=flip method=horizontal-flip "
+      "! videoscale ! videorate "
+      "! video/x-raw,format=RGBA,width=%d,height=%d,framerate=%d/1 "
+      "! tee name=t "
+      "t. ! queue name=preview_queue ! "
+      "appsink name=sink emit-signals=true max-buffers=2 drop=true "
+      "sync=false",
+      w, h, fps);
+
+  gchar* pipeline_str = nullptr;
+
+  if (config_.backend == CameraBackend::kPipeWire) {
+    // PipeWire portal path: use pipewiresrc with the portal-provided fd.
+    std::string pw_node_id = config_.device_path.substr(3);
+    pipeline_str = g_strdup_printf(
+        "pipewiresrc fd=%d path=%s do-timestamp=true "
+        "! videoconvert "
+        "%s",
+        config_.pw_fd, pw_node_id.c_str(), preview_tail);
+  } else {
+    // V4L2: prefer MJPEG at the target size when the device actually supports
+    // it (native 720p/1080p on many USB cameras, and the only way some can
+    // deliver high resolutions within USB 2.0 bandwidth). The choice must be
+    // probed up front: gst_parse_launch() succeeds even for an MJPEG pipeline
+    // the camera cannot satisfy, so a non-MJPEG camera would otherwise fail at
+    // PLAYING with a runtime "not-negotiated" error instead of falling back.
+    // Only width/height are pinned on the MJPEG caps; the native frame rate is
+    // left to float and the downstream videorate adapts it to the target fps,
+    // so requesting an fps the camera does not offer natively in MJPEG does not
+    // break negotiation. Cameras exposing only raw formats (e.g. NV12/YUYV) use
+    // the unconstrained capture + scale path, which negotiates any native mode
+    // and adapts it to the target via videoscale/videorate.
+    if (DeviceEnumerator::SupportsMjpeg(config_.device_path, w, h)) {
+      pipeline_str = g_strdup_printf(
+          "v4l2src device=%s "
+          "! image/jpeg,width=%d,height=%d "
+          "! jpegdec ! videoconvert "
+          "%s",
+          config_.device_path.c_str(), w, h, preview_tail);
+    } else {
+      pipeline_str = g_strdup_printf("v4l2src device=%s "
+                                     "! videoconvert "
+                                     "%s",
+                                     config_.device_path.c_str(), preview_tail);
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (pipeline_str) {
+    g_info("[camera_desktop] Pipeline: %s", pipeline_str);
+    pipeline_ = gst_parse_launch(pipeline_str, error);
+    g_free(pipeline_str);
+  }
+
+  if (!pipeline_) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  // Get the tee element (needed for recording branch attachment).
+  tee_ = gst_bin_get_by_name(GST_BIN(pipeline_), "t");
+  if (!tee_) {
+    g_info("[camera_desktop] Camera %d: tee element not found in pipeline",
+           camera_id_);
+    g_set_error(error, G_IO_ERROR, G_IO_ERROR_FAILED,
+                "Failed to find tee in pipeline");
+    gst_object_unref(pipeline_);
+    pipeline_ = nullptr;
+    return false;
+  }
+  // Release our ref (pipeline holds one).
+  gst_object_unref(tee_);
+
+  // Get the videoflip element for runtime mirror toggling.
+  videoflip_ = gst_bin_get_by_name(GST_BIN(pipeline_), "flip");
+  if (videoflip_) {
+    gst_object_unref(videoflip_);  // Pipeline holds the ref.
+  } else {
+    g_info("[camera_desktop] Camera %d: videoflip element not found in pipeline"
+           " (mirror toggling will be unavailable)", camera_id_);
+  }
+
+  // Get the appsink element.
+  appsink_ = gst_bin_get_by_name(GST_BIN(pipeline_), "sink");
+  if (!appsink_) {
+    g_info("[camera_desktop] Camera %d: appsink element not found in pipeline",
+           camera_id_);
+    g_set_error(error, G_IO_ERROR, G_IO_ERROR_FAILED,
+                "Failed to find appsink in pipeline");
+    gst_object_unref(pipeline_);
+    pipeline_ = nullptr;
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  // Connect the new-sample signal.
+  GstAppSinkCallbacks callbacks = {};
+  callbacks.new_sample = Camera::OnNewSample;
+  gst_app_sink_set_callbacks(GST_APP_SINK(appsink_), &callbacks, this,
+                             nullptr);
+
+  // Set up bus watch for error messages.
+  GstBus* bus = gst_pipeline_get_bus(GST_PIPELINE(pipeline_));
+  bus_watch_id_ = gst_bus_add_watch(bus, Camera::OnBusMessage, this);
+  gst_object_unref(bus);
+
+  // Release our ref on the appsink (pipeline holds one).
+  gst_object_unref(appsink_);
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+void Camera::RespondToPendingInit(bool success, const char* error_message) {
+  if (!pending_init_call_) return;
+
+  // Cancel the timeout.
+  if (init_timeout_id_ > 0) {
+    g_source_remove(init_timeout_id_);
+    init_timeout_id_ = 0;
+  }
+
+  if (success) {
+    g_autoptr(FlValue) result = fl_value_new_map();
+    fl_value_set_string_take(result, "previewWidth",
+                             fl_value_new_float((double)actual_width_.load()));
+    fl_value_set_string_take(result, "previewHeight",
+                             fl_value_new_float((double)actual_height_.load()));
+    fl_method_call_respond_success(pending_init_call_, result, nullptr);
+  } else {
+    g_autoptr(FlValue) details = fl_value_new_null();
+    fl_method_call_respond_error(pending_init_call_, "initialization_failed",
+                                 error_message ? error_message : "Unknown error",
+                                 details, nullptr);
+  }
+
+  g_object_unref(pending_init_call_);
+  pending_init_call_ = nullptr;
+}
+
+GstFlowReturn Camera::OnNewSample(GstAppSink* sink, gpointer user_data) {
+  Camera* self = static_cast<Camera*>(user_data);
+
+  GstSample* sample = gst_app_sink_pull_sample(sink);
+  if (!sample) {
+    g_warning("[camera_desktop] OnNewSample: gst_app_sink_pull_sample returned null");
+    return GST_FLOW_ERROR;
+  }
+
+  GstBuffer* buffer = gst_sample_get_buffer(sample);
+  GstCaps* caps = gst_sample_get_caps(sample);
+
+  GstVideoInfo info;
+  if (!gst_video_info_from_caps(&info, caps)) {
+    g_warning("[camera_desktop] OnNewSample: gst_video_info_from_caps failed");
+    gst_sample_unref(sample);
+    return GST_FLOW_ERROR;
+  }
+
+  int width = GST_VIDEO_INFO_WIDTH(&info);
+  int height = GST_VIDEO_INFO_HEIGHT(&info);
+  int stride = GST_VIDEO_INFO_PLANE_STRIDE(&info, 0);
+
+  GstMapInfo map;
+  if (!gst_buffer_map(buffer, &map, GST_MAP_READ)) {
+    g_warning("[camera_desktop] OnNewSample: gst_buffer_map failed");
+    gst_sample_unref(sample);
+    return GST_FLOW_ERROR;
+  }
+
+  // Handle first-frame initialization response.
+  // C-2: first_frame_received_ is atomic, safe cross-thread read/write.
+  bool is_first_frame = !self->first_frame_received_.load();
+  if (is_first_frame) {
+    g_info("[camera_desktop] Camera %d: first frame received (%dx%d)",
+           self->camera_id_, width, height);
+    self->first_frame_received_.store(true);
+    // H-2: actual_width_/height_ are atomic, safe cross-thread write.
+    self->actual_width_.store(width);
+    self->actual_height_.store(height);
+    self->state_.store(CameraState::kRunning);
+  }
+
+  // Update the texture only if preview is not paused (or if this is the first
+  // frame, which we need for initialization).
+  // C-3: preview_paused_ is atomic, safe cross-thread read.
+  if (!self->preview_paused_.load() || is_first_frame) {
+    if (stride == width * 4) {
+      // No padding, direct copy.
+      camera_texture_update(self->texture_, map.data, width, height);
+    } else {
+      // Stride has padding, copy row-by-row into a tight buffer.
+      // M-1 note: this intermediate allocation is unavoidable here since
+      // camera_texture_update requires a tightly-packed buffer.
+      size_t tight_size = (size_t)width * height * 4;
+      uint8_t* tight = (uint8_t*)g_malloc(tight_size);
+      for (int row = 0; row < height; row++) {
+        memcpy(tight + row * width * 4, map.data + row * stride, width * 4);
+      }
+      camera_texture_update(self->texture_, tight, width, height);
+      g_free(tight);
+    }
+
+    // Notify Flutter that a new frame is available.
+    fl_texture_registrar_mark_texture_frame_available(
+        self->texture_registrar_,
+        camera_texture_as_fl_texture(self->texture_));
+  }
+
+  // Send frame to Dart image stream if streaming is active.
+  if (self->image_streaming_.load()) {
+    // C-4: load the callback pointer atomically once, then use the local copy.
+    // This prevents a TOCTOU race where the pointer is nulled between the
+    // check and the call.
+    ImageStreamCallback cb = self->image_stream_callback_.load();
+    if (cb) {
+      // FFI path: write to shared buffer, notify Dart directly.
+      size_t frame_size = (size_t)width * height * 4;
+      size_t total_size = offsetof(Camera::ImageStreamBuffer, pixels) + frame_size;
+
+      if (self->image_stream_buffer_size_ < total_size) {
+        g_free(self->image_stream_buffer_);
+        self->image_stream_buffer_ =
+            (Camera::ImageStreamBuffer*)g_malloc(total_size);
+        self->image_stream_buffer_size_ = total_size;
+      }
+
+      auto* buf = self->image_stream_buffer_;
+      buf->ready = 0;
+
+      if (stride == width * 4) {
+        memcpy(buf->pixels, map.data, frame_size);
+      } else {
+        for (int row = 0; row < height; row++) {
+          memcpy(buf->pixels + row * width * 4, map.data + row * stride,
+                 width * 4);
+        }
+      }
+
+      buf->width = width;
+      buf->height = height;
+      buf->bytes_per_row = width * 4;
+      buf->format = 1;  // RGBA (Linux GStreamer pipeline)
+      buf->sequence = ++self->image_stream_sequence_;
+
+      // C-5: release fence, guarantees all pixel and metadata writes above
+      // are visible to any thread that subsequently observes ready == 1.
+      std::atomic_thread_fence(std::memory_order_release);
+      buf->ready = 1;
+
+      cb(self->camera_id_);
+    } else {
+      // Legacy MethodChannel fallback path.
+      size_t frame_size = (size_t)width * height * 4;
+      uint8_t* frame_copy = (uint8_t*)g_malloc(frame_size);
+      if (stride == width * 4) {
+        memcpy(frame_copy, map.data, frame_size);
+      } else {
+        for (int row = 0; row < height; row++) {
+          memcpy(frame_copy + row * width * 4, map.data + row * stride,
+                 width * 4);
+        }
+      }
+
+      struct ImageStreamData {
+        FlMethodChannel* channel;
+        int camera_id;
+        uint8_t* pixels;
+        int width;
+        int height;
+        size_t size;
+      };
+
+      auto* stream_data = new ImageStreamData();
+      stream_data->channel = self->method_channel_;
+      stream_data->camera_id = self->camera_id_;
+      stream_data->pixels = frame_copy;
+      stream_data->width = width;
+      stream_data->height = height;
+      stream_data->size = frame_size;
+
+      g_idle_add(
+          [](gpointer user_data) -> gboolean {
+            auto* data = static_cast<ImageStreamData*>(user_data);
+
+            g_autoptr(FlValue) args = fl_value_new_map();
+            fl_value_set_string_take(args, "cameraId",
+                                     fl_value_new_int(data->camera_id));
+            fl_value_set_string_take(args, "width",
+                                     fl_value_new_int(data->width));
+            fl_value_set_string_take(args, "height",
+                                     fl_value_new_int(data->height));
+            fl_value_set_string_take(
+                args, "bytes",
+                fl_value_new_uint8_list(data->pixels, data->size));
+
+            fl_method_channel_invoke_method(data->channel, "imageStreamFrame",
+                                            args, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr);
+
+            g_free(data->pixels);
+            delete data;
+            return G_SOURCE_REMOVE;
+          },
+          stream_data);
+    }
+  }
+
+  gst_buffer_unmap(buffer, &map);
+  gst_sample_unref(sample);
+
+  // Dispatch init response to the main thread (OnNewSample runs on the
+  // GStreamer streaming thread, but fl_method_call_respond_* must be called
+  // from the main GLib thread).
+  if (is_first_frame) {
+    g_idle_add(
+        [](gpointer user_data) -> gboolean {
+          Camera* cam = static_cast<Camera*>(user_data);
+          cam->RespondToPendingInit(true, nullptr);
+          return G_SOURCE_REMOVE;
+        },
+        self);
+  }
+
+  return GST_FLOW_OK;
+}
+
+gboolean Camera::OnBusMessage(GstBus* bus, GstMessage* msg,
+                              gpointer user_data) {
+  Camera* self = static_cast<Camera*>(user_data);
+
+  switch (GST_MESSAGE_TYPE(msg)) {
+    case GST_MESSAGE_ERROR: {
+      GError* err = nullptr;
+      gchar* debug = nullptr;
+      gst_message_parse_error(msg, &err, &debug);
+
+      g_info("[camera_desktop] Camera %d: GStreamer error: %s (debug: %s)",
+             self->camera_id_,
+             err ? err->message : "unknown",
+             debug ? debug : "none");
+
+      // C-2: load state_ atomically.
+      CameraState s = self->state_.load();
+      if (s == CameraState::kInitializing) {
+        self->RespondToPendingInit(false, err->message);
+        self->state_.store(CameraState::kCreated);
+      } else if (s == CameraState::kRunning || s == CameraState::kPaused) {
+        self->SendError(err->message);
+      }
+
+      g_error_free(err);
+      g_free(debug);
+      break;
+    }
+    case GST_MESSAGE_EOS: {
+      // End of stream (e.g., device unplugged).
+      CameraState s = self->state_.load();
+      if (s == CameraState::kRunning || s == CameraState::kPaused) {
+        self->SendError("Camera stream ended unexpectedly");
+      }
+      break;
+    }
+    default:
+      break;
+  }
+  return TRUE;
+}
+
+gboolean Camera::OnInitTimeout(gpointer user_data) {
+  Camera* self = static_cast<Camera*>(user_data);
+  self->init_timeout_id_ = 0;
+
+  if (self->state_.load() == CameraState::kInitializing) {
+    self->RespondToPendingInit(
+        false, "Camera initialization timed out, no frames received");
+    if (self->pipeline_) {
+      gst_element_set_state(self->pipeline_, GST_STATE_NULL);
+    }
+    self->state_.store(CameraState::kCreated);
+  }
+  return G_SOURCE_REMOVE;
+}
+
+void Camera::SendError(const std::string& description) {
+  g_autoptr(FlValue) args = fl_value_new_map();
+  fl_value_set_string_take(args, "cameraId",
+                           fl_value_new_int(camera_id_));
+  fl_value_set_string_take(args, "description",
+                           fl_value_new_string(description.c_str()));
+  fl_method_channel_invoke_method(method_channel_, "cameraError", args,
+                                  nullptr, nullptr, nullptr);
+}
+
+void Camera::TakePicture(FlMethodCall* method_call) {
+  CameraState s = state_.load();
+  if (s != CameraState::kRunning && s != CameraState::kPaused) {
+    g_info("[camera_desktop] Camera %d: TakePicture called but camera is not"
+           " running (state=%d)", camera_id_, static_cast<int>(s));
+    g_autoptr(FlValue) details = fl_value_new_null();
+    fl_method_call_respond_error(method_call, "not_running",
+                                 "Camera is not running", details, nullptr);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Generate a unique temporary file path using an atomic sequence counter
+  // rather than the wall clock to prevent collisions under NTP corrections.
+  static std::atomic<int64_t> capture_seq{0};
+  gchar* tmp_path =
+      g_strdup_printf("%s/camera_desktop_%d_%" G_GINT64_FORMAT ".jpg",
+                      g_get_tmp_dir(), camera_id_,
+                      capture_seq.fetch_add(1, std::memory_order_relaxed));
+
+  // C-7: gst_video_convert_sample performs synchronous JPEG encoding which
+  // can take 30-200 ms at 1080p. Offload to a GLib thread-pool task so the
+  // main/UI thread is never blocked.
+  //
+  // Take a GStreamer reference to appsink_ so it stays alive for the duration
+  // of the task even if Dispose() is called concurrently.
+  struct TakePictureData {
+    GstElement* appsink;   // holds a gst_object_ref
+    std::string output_path;
+    std::string error_message;
+    bool success;
+    FlMethodCall* method_call;  // holds a g_object_ref
+  };
+
+  auto* d = new TakePictureData();
+  d->appsink = GST_ELEMENT(gst_object_ref(appsink_));
+  d->output_path = tmp_path;
+  d->success = false;
+  d->method_call = FL_METHOD_CALL(g_object_ref(method_call));
+  g_free(tmp_path);
+
+  GTask* task = g_task_new(nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr);
+  g_task_set_task_data(task, d, nullptr);
+  g_task_run_in_thread(
+      task,
+      [](GTask* /*task*/, gpointer /*source*/, gpointer task_data,
+         GCancellable* /*cancel*/) {
+        auto* d = static_cast<TakePictureData*>(task_data);
+        GError* err = nullptr;
+        d->success = PhotoHandler::TakePicture(d->appsink, d->output_path, &err);
+        gst_object_unref(d->appsink);
+        d->appsink = nullptr;
+        if (!d->success && err) {
+          d->error_message = err->message;
+          g_error_free(err);
+        }
+        // Marshal the method-channel response back to the main GLib thread.
+        g_idle_add(
+            [](gpointer p) -> gboolean {
+              auto* d = static_cast<TakePictureData*>(p);
+              if (d->success) {
+                g_autoptr(FlValue) result =
+                    fl_value_new_string(d->output_path.c_str());
+                fl_method_call_respond_success(d->method_call, result, nullptr);
+              } else {
+                g_autoptr(FlValue) details = fl_value_new_null();
+                fl_method_call_respond_error(
+                    d->method_call, "capture_failed",
+                    d->error_message.empty() ? "Failed to capture image"
+                                             : d->error_message.c_str(),
+                    details, nullptr);
+              }
+              g_object_unref(d->method_call);
+              delete d;
+              return G_SOURCE_REMOVE;
+            },
+            d);
+      });
+  g_object_unref(task);
+}
+
+void Camera::StartVideoRecording(FlMethodCall* method_call) {
+  CameraState s = state_.load();
+  if (s != CameraState::kRunning && s != CameraState::kPaused) {
+    g_info("[camera_desktop] Camera %d: StartVideoRecording called but camera"
+           " is not running (state=%d)", camera_id_, static_cast<int>(s));
+    g_autoptr(FlValue) details = fl_value_new_null();
+    fl_method_call_respond_error(method_call, "not_running",
+                                 "Camera is not running", details, nullptr);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Set up the recording branch on first use.
+  if (!record_handler_->is_recording()) {
+    GError* error = nullptr;
+    // H-2: load actual dimensions atomically, they are written from the
+    // GStreamer streaming thread on first frame.
+    if (!record_handler_->Setup(pipeline_, tee_,
+                                actual_width_.load(), actual_height_.load(),
+                                config_.target_fps,
+                                config_.target_bitrate,
+                                config_.audio_bitrate,
+                                config_.enable_audio, &error)) {
+      g_info("[camera_desktop] Camera %d: RecordHandler::Setup failed: %s",
+             camera_id_, error ? error->message : "unknown error");
+      g_autoptr(FlValue) details = fl_value_new_null();
+      fl_method_call_respond_error(
+          method_call, "recording_setup_failed",
+          error ? error->message : "Failed to set up recording", details,
+          nullptr);
+      if (error) g_error_free(error);
+      return;
+    }
+    if (config_.enable_audio && !record_handler_->has_audio()) {
+      SendError("Audio recording was requested but audio setup failed. "
+                "Recording will continue without audio.");
+    }
+  }
+
+  // H-6: derive extension from the muxer that was actually selected so the
+  // file's extension always matches its container format.
+  static std::atomic<int64_t> rec_seq{0};
+  gchar* tmp_path = g_strdup_printf(
+      "%s/camera_desktop_%d_%" G_GINT64_FORMAT ".%s",
+      g_get_tmp_dir(), camera_id_,
+      rec_seq.fetch_add(1, std::memory_order_relaxed),
+      record_handler_->output_extension());
+
+  GError* error = nullptr;
+  if (!record_handler_->StartRecording(tmp_path, &error)) {
+    g_autoptr(FlValue) details = fl_value_new_null();
+    fl_method_call_respond_error(
+        method_call, "recording_start_failed",
+        error ? error->message : "Failed to start recording", details,
+        nullptr);
+    if (error) g_error_free(error);
+    g_free(tmp_path);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  g_free(tmp_path);
+  fl_method_call_respond_success(method_call, fl_value_new_null(), nullptr);
+}
+
+void Camera::StopVideoRecording(FlMethodCall* method_call) {
+  if (!record_handler_->is_recording()) {
+    g_info("[camera_desktop] Camera %d: StopVideoRecording called but not"
+           " recording", camera_id_);
+    g_autoptr(FlValue) details = fl_value_new_null();
+    fl_method_call_respond_error(method_call, "not_recording",
+                                 "No recording in progress", details, nullptr);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  record_handler_->StopRecording(method_call);
+}
+
+void Camera::StartImageStream() {
+  g_info("[camera_desktop] Camera %d: starting image stream", camera_id_);
+  image_streaming_ = true;
+}
+
+void Camera::StopImageStream() {
+  g_info("[camera_desktop] Camera %d: stopping image stream", camera_id_);
+  image_streaming_ = false;
+}
+
+void Camera::RegisterImageStreamCallback(void (*callback)(int32_t)) {
+  // C-4: atomic store, safe to write from main thread while GStreamer thread
+  // reads. The GStreamer thread loads the pointer once per frame (see
+  // OnNewSample) so it cannot race between check and call.
+  image_stream_callback_.store(callback);
+}
+
+void Camera::UnregisterImageStreamCallback() {
+  image_stream_callback_.store(nullptr);
+}
+
+void Camera::PausePreview() {
+  g_info("[camera_desktop] Camera %d: pausing preview", camera_id_);
+  // C-3: atomic store, safe cross-thread write.
+  preview_paused_.store(true);
+}
+
+void Camera::ResumePreview() {
+  g_info("[camera_desktop] Camera %d: resuming preview", camera_id_);
+  preview_paused_.store(false);
+}
+
+void Camera::SetMirror(bool mirrored) {
+  if (!videoflip_) {
+    g_info("[camera_desktop] Camera %d: SetMirror(%s) ignored, videoflip_ is null",
+           camera_id_, mirrored ? "true" : "false");
+    return;
+  }
+  g_info("[camera_desktop] Camera %d: SetMirror(%s)", camera_id_,
+         mirrored ? "true" : "false");
+  // GstVideoFlipMethod: 0 = none (identity), 4 = horizontal-flip
+  g_object_set(videoflip_, "method", mirrored ? 4 : 0, nullptr);
+}
+
+void Camera::Dispose() {
+  g_info("[camera_desktop] Camera %d: disposing", camera_id_);
+  // C-2: use atomic exchange so the check-and-set is race-free. If two threads
+  // somehow call Dispose() concurrently, only one proceeds.
+  CameraState prev = state_.exchange(CameraState::kDisposing);
+  if (prev == CameraState::kDisposed || prev == CameraState::kDisposing) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Cancel pending init if still waiting (main thread → main thread, safe).
+  if (pending_init_call_) {
+    RespondToPendingInit(false, "Camera disposed during initialization");
+  }
+
+  // C-4: null the callback atomically BEFORE stopping the pipeline. This
+  // prevents new FFI callbacks from being registered while we're tearing down,
+  // but does NOT free the buffer yet, that must wait until the pipeline stops.
+  image_stream_callback_.store(nullptr);
+
+  // C-1 FIX: stop the pipeline BEFORE freeing image_stream_buffer_.
+  // gst_element_set_state(NULL) blocks until the GStreamer streaming thread
+  // (which runs OnNewSample and accesses image_stream_buffer_) is fully
+  // stopped. Freeing before this point was a use-after-free.
+  if (pipeline_) {
+    videoflip_ = nullptr;
+    gst_element_set_state(pipeline_, GST_STATE_NULL);
+    if (bus_watch_id_ > 0) {
+      g_source_remove(bus_watch_id_);
+      bus_watch_id_ = 0;
+    }
+    gst_object_unref(pipeline_);
+    pipeline_ = nullptr;
+    appsink_ = nullptr;
+  }
+
+  // Now safe: the GStreamer streaming thread is guaranteed to have exited
+  // OnNewSample and will never access image_stream_buffer_ again.
+  if (image_stream_buffer_) {
+    g_free(image_stream_buffer_);
+    image_stream_buffer_ = nullptr;
+    image_stream_buffer_size_ = 0;
+  }
+
+  // Unregister the texture.
+  if (texture_ && texture_registrar_) {
+    fl_texture_registrar_unregister_texture(
+        texture_registrar_, camera_texture_as_fl_texture(texture_));
+    g_object_unref(texture_);
+    texture_ = nullptr;
+  }
+
+  // Send closing event to Dart.
+  g_autoptr(FlValue) args = fl_value_new_map();
+  fl_value_set_string_take(args, "cameraId",
+                           fl_value_new_int(camera_id_));
+  fl_method_channel_invoke_method(method_channel_, "cameraClosing", args,
+                                  nullptr, nullptr, nullptr);
+
+  state_.store(CameraState::kDisposed);
+  g_info("[camera_desktop] Camera %d: disposed", camera_id_);
+}

plugins/camera_desktop/linux/camera.h

@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+#ifndef CAMERA_H_
+#define CAMERA_H_
+
+#include <flutter_linux/flutter_linux.h>
+#include <gst/gst.h>
+#include <gst/app/gstappsink.h>
+
+#include <atomic>
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+
+#include "camera_texture.h"
+#include "device_enumerator.h"
+#include "record_handler.h"
+
+enum class CameraBackend {
+  kV4L2,       // Traditional /dev/video* + v4l2src
+  kPipeWire,   // Portal-authorized pipewiresrc
+};
+
+enum class CameraState {
+  kCreated,
+  kInitializing,
+  kRunning,
+  kPaused,
+  kDisposing,
+  kDisposed,
+};
+
+// Alias for the image-stream callback function pointer type.
+using ImageStreamCallback = void (*)(int32_t);
+
+struct CameraConfig {
+  std::string device_path;
+  int resolution_preset;
+  bool enable_audio;
+  int target_width;
+  int target_height;
+  int target_fps;
+  int target_bitrate;
+  int audio_bitrate = 0;
+  CameraBackend backend = CameraBackend::kV4L2;
+  int pw_fd = -1;  // PipeWire remote fd (only used when backend == kPipeWire)
+};
+
+class Camera {
+ public:
+  Camera(int camera_id,
+         FlTextureRegistrar* texture_registrar,
+         FlMethodChannel* method_channel,
+         const CameraConfig& config);
+  ~Camera();
+
+  int camera_id() const { return camera_id_; }
+  int64_t texture_id() const { return texture_id_; }
+  CameraState state() const { return state_; }
+
+  // Allocates the texture and registers it. Must be called before Initialize.
+  // Returns the texture_id on success, -1 on failure.
+  int64_t RegisterTexture();
+
+  // Builds and starts the GStreamer pipeline. Responds to |method_call|
+  // asynchronously once the first frame arrives or an error/timeout occurs.
+  void Initialize(FlMethodCall* method_call);
+
+  // Captures a still image and saves it to a temporary JPEG file.
+  // Responds to |method_call| with the file path or an error.
+  void TakePicture(FlMethodCall* method_call);
+
+  // Pauses/resumes the live preview.
+  void PausePreview();
+  void ResumePreview();
+
+  // Starts video recording (silent, no audio).
+  void StartVideoRecording(FlMethodCall* method_call);
+
+  // Stops video recording and returns the file path.
+  void StopVideoRecording(FlMethodCall* method_call);
+
+  // Starts/stops sending raw frame data to Dart via method channel.
+  void StartImageStream();
+  void StopImageStream();
+
+  // FFI image stream access.
+  void* GetImageStreamBuffer() const { return image_stream_buffer_; }
+  void RegisterImageStreamCallback(void (*callback)(int32_t));
+  void UnregisterImageStreamCallback();
+
+  // Toggles horizontal mirroring on the live video feed.
+  void SetMirror(bool mirrored);
+
+  // Tears down the pipeline and releases all resources.
+  void Dispose();
+
+ private:
+  bool BuildPipeline(GError** error);
+  void RespondToPendingInit(bool success, const char* error_message);
+
+  // GStreamer callbacks (static with user_data = Camera*).
+  static GstFlowReturn OnNewSample(GstAppSink* sink, gpointer user_data);
+  static gboolean OnBusMessage(GstBus* bus, GstMessage* msg,
+                               gpointer user_data);
+  static gboolean OnInitTimeout(gpointer user_data);
+
+  // Sends an error event to Dart via the method channel.
+  void SendError(const std::string& description);
+
+  int camera_id_;
+  int64_t texture_id_;
+  // state_ is written from the GStreamer streaming thread (OnNewSample) and
+  // read/written from the main thread. Must be atomic. (C-2)
+  std::atomic<CameraState> state_;
+  CameraConfig config_;
+
+  FlTextureRegistrar* texture_registrar_;  // Not owned.
+  FlMethodChannel* method_channel_;        // Not owned.
+  CameraTexture* texture_;                 // Owned (GObject ref).
+
+  GstElement* pipeline_;
+  GstElement* tee_;       // For branching preview + recording.
+  GstElement* appsink_;
+  GstElement* videoflip_;  // Named element in pipeline for mirror toggle.
+  guint bus_watch_id_;
+  guint init_timeout_id_;
+
+  std::unique_ptr<RecordHandler> record_handler_;
+
+  // Pending async initialization, stores the FlMethodCall until first frame.
+  // Only accessed from the main thread (set in Initialize, cleared in
+  // RespondToPendingInit which is always dispatched via g_idle_add to main).
+  FlMethodCall* pending_init_call_;
+
+  // Written from the GStreamer streaming thread; read from main thread. (C-2)
+  std::atomic<bool> first_frame_received_;
+
+  // Read from GStreamer streaming thread, written from main thread. (C-3)
+  std::atomic<bool> preview_paused_;
+
+  std::atomic<bool> image_streaming_;
+
+  // FFI image stream shared buffer.
+  // NOTE: The |ready| field acts as a release/acquire flag between the
+  // GStreamer thread (writer) and Dart (reader). The native side MUST issue a
+  // std::atomic_thread_fence(release) before writing ready=1, ensuring all
+  // pixel writes are visible before Dart observes ready==1. (C-5)
+  struct ImageStreamBuffer {
+    int64_t  sequence;
+    int32_t  width;
+    int32_t  height;
+    int32_t  bytes_per_row;
+    int32_t  format;       // 0=BGRA, 1=RGBA
+    int32_t  ready;        // 1=Dart may read, 0=native writing
+    int32_t  _pad;
+    uint8_t  pixels[];     // flexible array member
+  };
+
+  ImageStreamBuffer* image_stream_buffer_ = nullptr;
+  size_t image_stream_buffer_size_ = 0;
+
+  // Written from the main thread, read from the GStreamer streaming thread.
+  // Must be atomic to avoid data races and torn reads. (C-4)
+  std::atomic<ImageStreamCallback> image_stream_callback_{nullptr};
+
+  int64_t image_stream_sequence_ = 0;
+
+  // Written from the GStreamer streaming thread on first frame, read from the
+  // main thread in StartVideoRecording. Must be atomic. (H-2)
+  std::atomic<int> actual_width_;
+  std::atomic<int> actual_height_;
+};
+
+#endif  // CAMERA_H_

plugins/camera_desktop/linux/camera_desktop_plugin.cc

@@ -0,0 +1,467 @@
+#include "include/camera_desktop/camera_desktop_plugin.h"
+
+#include <flutter_linux/flutter_linux.h>
+#include <gst/gst.h>
+
+
+#include <map>
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+#include <cstdint>
+
+#include "camera.h"
+#include "device_enumerator.h"
+#include "pipewire_portal.h"
+
+int64_t camera_desktop_ffi_register_stream_handle(Camera* camera);
+void camera_desktop_ffi_release_stream_handle(int64_t stream_handle);
+void camera_desktop_ffi_release_handles_for_camera(Camera* camera);
+
+// Plugin data stored as an opaque C++ pointer inside the GObject struct.
+struct PluginData {
+  std::map<int, std::unique_ptr<Camera>> cameras;
+  int next_camera_id = 1;
+  std::unique_ptr<PipeWirePortal> portal;
+  bool use_pipewire = false;
+};
+
+#define CAMERA_DESKTOP_PLUGIN(obj) \
+  (G_TYPE_CHECK_INSTANCE_CAST((obj), camera_desktop_plugin_get_type(), \
+                              CameraDesktopPlugin))
+
+struct _CameraDesktopPlugin {
+  GObject parent_instance;
+  FlMethodChannel* channel;
+  FlTextureRegistrar* texture_registrar;
+  PluginData* data;
+};
+
+G_DEFINE_TYPE(CameraDesktopPlugin, camera_desktop_plugin, g_object_get_type())
+
+// --- Method handlers ---
+
+// Builds the Flutter response list from a vector of DeviceInfo.
+static void respond_with_devices(FlMethodCall* method_call,
+                                 const std::vector<DeviceInfo>& devices) {
+  g_autoptr(FlValue) result = fl_value_new_list();
+  for (const auto& device : devices) {
+    g_autoptr(FlValue) entry = fl_value_new_map();
+    // Format: "Friendly Name (/dev/videoN)" or "Friendly Name (pw:42)"
+    std::string display_name =
+        device.name + " (" + device.device_path + ")";
+    fl_value_set_string_take(entry, "name",
+                             fl_value_new_string(display_name.c_str()));
+    fl_value_set_string_take(entry, "lensDirection",
+                             fl_value_new_int(device.lens_direction));
+    fl_value_set_string_take(entry, "sensorOrientation",
+                             fl_value_new_int(device.sensor_orientation));
+    fl_value_append(result, entry);
+  }
+  fl_method_call_respond_success(method_call, result, nullptr);
+}
+
+static void handle_available_cameras(CameraDesktopPlugin* self,
+                                     FlMethodCall* method_call) {
+  if (self->data->use_pipewire && self->data->portal) {
+    // Async path: request portal permission, enumerate PipeWire nodes.
+    g_object_ref(method_call);
+    self->data->portal->EnumerateDevicesAsync(
+        [method_call](std::vector<DeviceInfo> devices) {
+          // If portal returned no devices, fall back to V4L2.
+          if (devices.empty()) {
+            g_info("[camera_desktop] PipeWire returned no cameras, falling back to V4L2");
+            devices = DeviceEnumerator::EnumerateDevices();
+          }
+          g_info("[camera_desktop] availableCameras returning %zu device(s)",
+                 devices.size());
+          respond_with_devices(method_call, devices);
+          g_object_unref(method_call);
+        });
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // V4L2 path (synchronous, for native Linux installs).
+  auto devices = DeviceEnumerator::EnumerateDevices();
+  g_info("[camera_desktop] availableCameras returning %zu device(s)",
+         devices.size());
+  respond_with_devices(method_call, devices);
+}
+
+static void handle_get_platform_capabilities(FlMethodCall* method_call) {
+  g_autoptr(FlValue) result = fl_value_new_map();
+  fl_value_set_string_take(result, "supportsMirrorControl",
+                           fl_value_new_bool(true));
+  fl_value_set_string_take(result, "supportsVideoFpsControl",
+                           fl_value_new_bool(true));
+  fl_value_set_string_take(result, "supportsVideoBitrateControl",
+                           fl_value_new_bool(true));
+  fl_method_call_respond_success(method_call, result, nullptr);
+}
+
+static void handle_create(CameraDesktopPlugin* self,
+                          FlMethodCall* method_call) {
+  FlValue* args = fl_method_call_get_args(method_call);
+  const char* camera_name =
+      fl_value_get_string(fl_value_lookup_string(args, "cameraName"));
+  int resolution_preset =
+      fl_value_get_int(fl_value_lookup_string(args, "resolutionPreset"));
+  FlValue* audio_val = fl_value_lookup_string(args, "enableAudio");
+  bool enable_audio = audio_val ? fl_value_get_bool(audio_val) : false;
+
+  int target_fps = 30;
+  FlValue* fps_val = fl_value_lookup_string(args, "fps");
+  if (fps_val && fl_value_get_type(fps_val) == FL_VALUE_TYPE_INT) {
+    target_fps = fl_value_get_int(fps_val);
+  } else if (fps_val && fl_value_get_type(fps_val) == FL_VALUE_TYPE_FLOAT) {
+    target_fps = static_cast<int>(fl_value_get_float(fps_val));
+  }
+  if (target_fps < 5) {
+    g_info("[camera_desktop] fps %d clamped to minimum 5", target_fps);
+    target_fps = 5;
+  }
+  if (target_fps > 60) {
+    g_info("[camera_desktop] fps %d clamped to maximum 60", target_fps);
+    target_fps = 60;
+  }
+
+  int target_bitrate = 0;
+  FlValue* bitrate_val = fl_value_lookup_string(args, "videoBitrate");
+  if (bitrate_val && fl_value_get_type(bitrate_val) == FL_VALUE_TYPE_INT) {
+    target_bitrate = fl_value_get_int(bitrate_val);
+  } else if (bitrate_val &&
+             fl_value_get_type(bitrate_val) == FL_VALUE_TYPE_FLOAT) {
+    target_bitrate = static_cast<int>(fl_value_get_float(bitrate_val));
+  }
+  if (target_bitrate < 0) {
+    g_info("[camera_desktop] videoBitrate %d clamped to minimum 0",
+           target_bitrate);
+    target_bitrate = 0;
+  }
+
+  int audio_bitrate = 0;
+  FlValue* audio_bitrate_val = fl_value_lookup_string(args, "audioBitrate");
+  if (audio_bitrate_val &&
+      fl_value_get_type(audio_bitrate_val) == FL_VALUE_TYPE_INT) {
+    audio_bitrate = fl_value_get_int(audio_bitrate_val);
+  } else if (audio_bitrate_val &&
+             fl_value_get_type(audio_bitrate_val) == FL_VALUE_TYPE_FLOAT) {
+    audio_bitrate = static_cast<int>(fl_value_get_float(audio_bitrate_val));
+  }
+  if (audio_bitrate < 0) {
+    g_info("[camera_desktop] audioBitrate %d clamped to minimum 0",
+           audio_bitrate);
+    audio_bitrate = 0;
+  }
+
+  // Extract device path from the camera name.
+  // Format: "Friendly Name (/dev/videoN)", extract the path in parentheses.
+  std::string name_str(camera_name);
+  std::string device_path;
+  size_t paren_start = name_str.rfind('(');
+  size_t paren_end = name_str.rfind(')');
+  if (paren_start != std::string::npos && paren_end != std::string::npos &&
+      paren_end > paren_start) {
+    device_path = name_str.substr(paren_start + 1, paren_end - paren_start - 1);
+  } else {
+    // Fallback: treat the whole name as a device path.
+    g_info("[camera_desktop] No parentheses found in camera name '%s',"
+           " using full name as device path", camera_name);
+    device_path = name_str;
+  }
+
+  // Detect backend from device path prefix.
+  CameraBackend backend = CameraBackend::kV4L2;
+  if (device_path.size() > 3 && device_path.substr(0, 3) == "pw:") {
+    backend = CameraBackend::kPipeWire;
+  } else if (device_path.empty() || device_path.find("/dev/") != 0) {
+    g_autoptr(FlValue) details = fl_value_new_null();
+    fl_method_call_respond_error(method_call, "invalid_camera_name",
+                                 "Could not extract device path from camera name",
+                                 details, nullptr);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Enumerate resolutions based on backend.
+  std::vector<ResolutionInfo> resolutions;
+  if (backend == CameraBackend::kPipeWire) {
+    resolutions = PipeWirePortal::GetDefaultResolutions();
+  } else {
+    resolutions = DeviceEnumerator::EnumerateResolutions(device_path);
+  }
+  auto selected = DeviceEnumerator::SelectResolution(resolutions,
+                                                     resolution_preset);
+
+  CameraConfig config;
+  config.device_path = device_path;
+  config.resolution_preset = resolution_preset;
+  config.enable_audio = enable_audio;
+  config.target_width = selected.width;
+  config.target_height = selected.height;
+  config.target_fps = target_fps > 0 ? target_fps : selected.max_fps;
+  config.target_bitrate = target_bitrate;
+  config.audio_bitrate = audio_bitrate;
+  config.backend = backend;
+  if (backend == CameraBackend::kPipeWire && self->data->portal) {
+    config.pw_fd = self->data->portal->pw_fd();
+  }
+
+  g_info("[camera_desktop] Creating camera: device=%s, backend=%s, %dx%d@%dfps",
+         config.device_path.c_str(),
+         config.backend == CameraBackend::kPipeWire ? "PipeWire" : "V4L2",
+         config.target_width, config.target_height, config.target_fps);
+
+  int camera_id = self->data->next_camera_id++;
+  auto camera = std::make_unique<Camera>(
+      camera_id, self->texture_registrar, self->channel, config);
+
+  int64_t texture_id = camera->RegisterTexture();
+  if (texture_id < 0) {
+    g_info("[camera_desktop] Camera %d: texture registration failed",
+           camera_id);
+    g_autoptr(FlValue) details = fl_value_new_null();
+    fl_method_call_respond_error(method_call, "texture_registration_failed",
+                                 "Failed to register Flutter texture",
+                                 details, nullptr);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  self->data->cameras[camera_id] = std::move(camera);
+
+  g_autoptr(FlValue) result = fl_value_new_map();
+  fl_value_set_string_take(result, "cameraId",
+                           fl_value_new_int(camera_id));
+  fl_value_set_string_take(result, "textureId",
+                           fl_value_new_int(texture_id));
+  fl_method_call_respond_success(method_call, result, nullptr);
+}
+
+static Camera* find_camera(CameraDesktopPlugin* self,
+                           FlMethodCall* method_call) {
+  FlValue* args = fl_method_call_get_args(method_call);
+  int camera_id = fl_value_get_int(fl_value_lookup_string(args, "cameraId"));
+  auto it = self->data->cameras.find(camera_id);
+  if (it == self->data->cameras.end()) {
+    g_info("[camera_desktop] find_camera: camera_id %d not found", camera_id);
+    g_autoptr(FlValue) details = fl_value_new_null();
+    fl_method_call_respond_error(method_call, "camera_not_found",
+                                 "No camera found with the given ID",
+                                 details, nullptr);
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+  return it->second.get();
+}
+
+static void handle_initialize(CameraDesktopPlugin* self,
+                              FlMethodCall* method_call) {
+  Camera* camera = find_camera(self, method_call);
+  if (!camera) return;
+  // Camera::Initialize responds asynchronously.
+  camera->Initialize(method_call);
+}
+
+static void handle_take_picture(CameraDesktopPlugin* self,
+                                FlMethodCall* method_call) {
+  Camera* camera = find_camera(self, method_call);
+  if (!camera) return;
+  camera->TakePicture(method_call);
+}
+
+static void handle_start_video_recording(CameraDesktopPlugin* self,
+                                         FlMethodCall* method_call) {
+  Camera* camera = find_camera(self, method_call);
+  if (!camera) return;
+  camera->StartVideoRecording(method_call);
+}
+
+static void handle_stop_video_recording(CameraDesktopPlugin* self,
+                                        FlMethodCall* method_call) {
+  Camera* camera = find_camera(self, method_call);
+  if (!camera) return;
+  camera->StopVideoRecording(method_call);
+}
+
+static void handle_start_image_stream(CameraDesktopPlugin* self,
+                                      FlMethodCall* method_call) {
+  Camera* camera = find_camera(self, method_call);
+  if (!camera) return;
+  camera->StartImageStream();
+  const int64_t stream_handle = camera_desktop_ffi_register_stream_handle(camera);
+  FlValue* args = fl_method_call_get_args(method_call);
+  int camera_id = fl_value_get_int(fl_value_lookup_string(args, "cameraId"));
+  g_info("[camera_desktop] Camera %d: image stream started, streamHandle=%" G_GINT64_FORMAT,
+         camera_id, stream_handle);
+  g_autoptr(FlValue) result = fl_value_new_map();
+  fl_value_set_string_take(result, "streamHandle",
+                           fl_value_new_int(stream_handle));
+  fl_method_call_respond_success(method_call, result, nullptr);
+}
+
+static void handle_stop_image_stream(CameraDesktopPlugin* self,
+                                     FlMethodCall* method_call) {
+  Camera* camera = find_camera(self, method_call);
+  if (!camera) return;
+  FlValue* args = fl_method_call_get_args(method_call);
+  int camera_id = fl_value_get_int(fl_value_lookup_string(args, "cameraId"));
+  FlValue* handle_val = fl_value_lookup_string(args, "streamHandle");
+  if (handle_val && fl_value_get_type(handle_val) == FL_VALUE_TYPE_INT) {
+    int64_t stream_handle = fl_value_get_int(handle_val);
+    g_info("[camera_desktop] Camera %d: stopping image stream,"
+           " streamHandle=%" G_GINT64_FORMAT, camera_id, stream_handle);
+    camera_desktop_ffi_release_stream_handle(stream_handle);
+  } else {
+    g_info("[camera_desktop] Camera %d: stopping image stream (no handle)",
+           camera_id);
+  }
+  camera->StopImageStream();
+  fl_method_call_respond_success(method_call, fl_value_new_null(), nullptr);
+}
+
+static void handle_pause_preview(CameraDesktopPlugin* self,
+                                 FlMethodCall* method_call) {
+  Camera* camera = find_camera(self, method_call);
+  if (!camera) return;
+  camera->PausePreview();
+  fl_method_call_respond_success(method_call, fl_value_new_null(), nullptr);
+}
+
+static void handle_resume_preview(CameraDesktopPlugin* self,
+                                  FlMethodCall* method_call) {
+  Camera* camera = find_camera(self, method_call);
+  if (!camera) return;
+  camera->ResumePreview();
+  fl_method_call_respond_success(method_call, fl_value_new_null(), nullptr);
+}
+
+static void handle_set_mirror(CameraDesktopPlugin* self,
+                              FlMethodCall* method_call) {
+  Camera* camera = find_camera(self, method_call);
+  if (!camera) return;
+
+  FlValue* args = fl_method_call_get_args(method_call);
+  int camera_id = fl_value_get_int(fl_value_lookup_string(args, "cameraId"));
+  FlValue* mirrored_val = fl_value_lookup_string(args, "mirrored");
+  bool mirrored = mirrored_val ? fl_value_get_bool(mirrored_val) : true;
+
+  g_info("[camera_desktop] Camera %d: setMirror(%s)", camera_id,
+         mirrored ? "true" : "false");
+  camera->SetMirror(mirrored);
+  fl_method_call_respond_success(method_call, fl_value_new_null(), nullptr);
+}
+
+static void handle_dispose(CameraDesktopPlugin* self,
+                           FlMethodCall* method_call) {
+  FlValue* args = fl_method_call_get_args(method_call);
+  int camera_id = fl_value_get_int(fl_value_lookup_string(args, "cameraId"));
+
+  g_info("[camera_desktop] handle_dispose: camera_id=%d", camera_id);
+  auto it = self->data->cameras.find(camera_id);
+  if (it != self->data->cameras.end()) {
+    camera_desktop_ffi_release_handles_for_camera(it->second.get());
+    it->second->Dispose();
+    self->data->cameras.erase(it);
+  }
+  fl_method_call_respond_success(method_call, fl_value_new_null(), nullptr);
+}
+
+// --- Plugin lifecycle ---
+
+static void camera_desktop_plugin_handle_method_call(
+    CameraDesktopPlugin* self,
+    FlMethodCall* method_call) {
+  const gchar* method = fl_method_call_get_name(method_call);
+
+  if (strcmp(method, "availableCameras") == 0) {
+    handle_available_cameras(self, method_call);
+  } else if (strcmp(method, "getPlatformCapabilities") == 0) {
+    handle_get_platform_capabilities(method_call);
+  } else if (strcmp(method, "create") == 0) {
+    handle_create(self, method_call);
+  } else if (strcmp(method, "initialize") == 0) {
+    handle_initialize(self, method_call);
+  } else if (strcmp(method, "takePicture") == 0) {
+    handle_take_picture(self, method_call);
+  } else if (strcmp(method, "startVideoRecording") == 0) {
+    handle_start_video_recording(self, method_call);
+  } else if (strcmp(method, "stopVideoRecording") == 0) {
+    handle_stop_video_recording(self, method_call);
+  } else if (strcmp(method, "startImageStream") == 0) {
+    handle_start_image_stream(self, method_call);
+  } else if (strcmp(method, "stopImageStream") == 0) {
+    handle_stop_image_stream(self, method_call);
+  } else if (strcmp(method, "pausePreview") == 0) {
+    handle_pause_preview(self, method_call);
+  } else if (strcmp(method, "resumePreview") == 0) {
+    handle_resume_preview(self, method_call);
+  } else if (strcmp(method, "setMirror") == 0) {
+    handle_set_mirror(self, method_call);
+  } else if (strcmp(method, "dispose") == 0) {
+    handle_dispose(self, method_call);
+  } else {
+    fl_method_call_respond_not_implemented(method_call, nullptr);
+  }
+}
+
+static void method_call_cb(FlMethodChannel* channel,
+                           FlMethodCall* method_call,
+                           gpointer user_data) {
+  CameraDesktopPlugin* plugin = CAMERA_DESKTOP_PLUGIN(user_data);
+  camera_desktop_plugin_handle_method_call(plugin, method_call);
+}
+
+static void camera_desktop_plugin_dispose(GObject* object) {
+  CameraDesktopPlugin* self = CAMERA_DESKTOP_PLUGIN(object);
+
+  // Dispose all cameras.
+  if (self->data) {
+    g_info("[camera_desktop] Plugin teardown: disposing %zu camera(s)",
+           self->data->cameras.size());
+    for (auto& pair : self->data->cameras) {
+      camera_desktop_ffi_release_handles_for_camera(pair.second.get());
+      pair.second->Dispose();
+    }
+    delete self->data;
+    self->data = nullptr;
+  }
+
+  g_clear_object(&self->channel);
+
+  G_OBJECT_CLASS(camera_desktop_plugin_parent_class)->dispose(object);
+}
+
+static void camera_desktop_plugin_class_init(CameraDesktopPluginClass* klass) {
+  G_OBJECT_CLASS(klass)->dispose = camera_desktop_plugin_dispose;
+}
+
+static void camera_desktop_plugin_init(CameraDesktopPlugin* self) {
+  self->data = new PluginData();
+  self->data->use_pipewire = PipeWirePortal::ShouldUsePipeWire();
+  if (self->data->use_pipewire) {
+    g_info("[camera_desktop] Plugin init: PipeWire mode enabled");
+    self->data->portal = std::make_unique<PipeWirePortal>();
+  } else {
+    g_info("[camera_desktop] Plugin init: V4L2 mode (no PipeWire)");
+  }
+}
+
+void camera_desktop_plugin_register_with_registrar(
+    FlPluginRegistrar* registrar) {
+  // Initialize GStreamer (safe to call multiple times).
+  gst_init(nullptr, nullptr);
+  g_info("[camera_desktop] GStreamer initialized (version %s)",
+         gst_version_string());
+
+  CameraDesktopPlugin* plugin = CAMERA_DESKTOP_PLUGIN(
+      g_object_new(camera_desktop_plugin_get_type(), nullptr));
+
+  plugin->texture_registrar =
+      fl_plugin_registrar_get_texture_registrar(registrar);
+
+  g_autoptr(FlStandardMethodCodec) codec = fl_standard_method_codec_new();
+  plugin->channel = fl_method_channel_new(
+      fl_plugin_registrar_get_messenger(registrar),
+      "plugins.flutter.io/camera_desktop", FL_METHOD_CODEC(codec));
+  fl_method_channel_set_method_call_handler(
+      plugin->channel, method_call_cb, g_object_ref(plugin), g_object_unref);
+
+  g_object_unref(plugin);
+}

plugins/camera_desktop/linux/camera_texture.cc

@@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
+#include "camera_texture.h"
+
+#include <cstring>
+
+// Triple-buffer texture for safe GStreamer→Flutter frame delivery.
+//
+// - GStreamer streaming thread writes to buffers[write_idx].
+// - After writing, it swaps write_idx ↔ ready_idx (under mutex).
+// - Flutter render thread (copy_pixels) swaps ready_idx ↔ read_idx (under
+//   mutex) and returns buffers[read_idx]. This buffer is safe because neither
+//   the GStreamer thread nor the swap touches it until the next copy_pixels.
+
+struct _CameraTexture {
+  FlPixelBufferTexture parent_instance;
+
+  uint8_t* buffers[3];
+  int write_idx;
+  int read_idx;
+  int ready_idx;
+  gboolean has_new_frame;
+
+  uint32_t width;
+  uint32_t height;
+  size_t buffer_size;  // width * height * 4
+
+  GMutex mutex;
+};
+
+G_DEFINE_TYPE(CameraTexture, camera_texture,
+              fl_pixel_buffer_texture_get_type())
+
+static gboolean camera_texture_copy_pixels_impl(
+    FlPixelBufferTexture* texture,
+    const uint8_t** out_buffer,
+    uint32_t* width,
+    uint32_t* height,
+    GError** error) {
+  CameraTexture* self = CAMERA_TEXTURE(texture);
+
+  g_mutex_lock(&self->mutex);
+
+  if (self->width == 0 || self->height == 0 ||
+      self->buffers[self->read_idx] == nullptr) {
+    g_mutex_unlock(&self->mutex);
+    return FALSE;
+  }
+
+  // Swap ready → read if a new frame is available.
+  if (self->has_new_frame) {
+    int tmp = self->read_idx;
+    self->read_idx = self->ready_idx;
+    self->ready_idx = tmp;
+    self->has_new_frame = FALSE;
+  }
+
+  *out_buffer = self->buffers[self->read_idx];
+  *width = self->width;
+  *height = self->height;
+
+  g_mutex_unlock(&self->mutex);
+  return TRUE;
+}
+
+static void camera_texture_dispose(GObject* object) {
+  CameraTexture* self = CAMERA_TEXTURE(object);
+
+  g_mutex_lock(&self->mutex);
+  for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
+    g_free(self->buffers[i]);
+    self->buffers[i] = nullptr;
+  }
+  self->width = 0;
+  self->height = 0;
+  self->buffer_size = 0;
+  g_mutex_unlock(&self->mutex);
+
+  g_mutex_clear(&self->mutex);
+
+  G_OBJECT_CLASS(camera_texture_parent_class)->dispose(object);
+}
+
+static void camera_texture_class_init(CameraTextureClass* klass) {
+  G_OBJECT_CLASS(klass)->dispose = camera_texture_dispose;
+  FL_PIXEL_BUFFER_TEXTURE_CLASS(klass)->copy_pixels =
+      camera_texture_copy_pixels_impl;
+}
+
+static void camera_texture_init(CameraTexture* self) {
+  g_mutex_init(&self->mutex);
+  self->write_idx = 0;
+  self->read_idx = 1;
+  self->ready_idx = 2;
+  self->has_new_frame = FALSE;
+  self->width = 0;
+  self->height = 0;
+  self->buffer_size = 0;
+  for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
+    self->buffers[i] = nullptr;
+  }
+}
+
+CameraTexture* camera_texture_new(void) {
+  return CAMERA_TEXTURE(g_object_new(CAMERA_TEXTURE_TYPE, nullptr));
+}
+
+void camera_texture_update(CameraTexture* self,
+                           const uint8_t* data,
+                           uint32_t width,
+                           uint32_t height) {
+  g_return_if_fail(CAMERA_IS_TEXTURE(self));
+  g_return_if_fail(data != nullptr);
+
+  size_t required = (size_t)width * height * 4;
+
+  // --- Phase 1: ensure buffers are allocated and capture write_idx. ---
+  // The lock is held briefly only to check/update dimensions and read
+  // write_idx. Reallocation (rare, only on resolution change) also happens
+  // here, under the lock, because copy_pixels_impl may be reading
+  // buffers[read_idx] concurrently and we must not free it mid-read.
+  g_mutex_lock(&self->mutex);
+
+  if (required != self->buffer_size) {
+    for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
+      g_free(self->buffers[i]);
+      self->buffers[i] = (uint8_t*)g_malloc(required);
+    }
+    self->buffer_size = required;
+    self->width = width;
+    self->height = height;
+  }
+
+  // Capture the current write index while the lock is held. write_idx is
+  // exclusively owned by this thread (only this function ever modifies it),
+  // so it will not change between now and Phase 3.
+  int wi = self->write_idx;
+
+  g_mutex_unlock(&self->mutex);
+
+  // --- Phase 2: copy frame data into the write buffer (NO lock). ---
+  // C-6 FIX: The memcpy (up to 8 MB at 1080p) previously held the mutex for
+  // its full duration, which forced Flutter's render thread to stall every
+  // time it called copy_pixels_impl. Moving it outside the lock eliminates
+  // that contention. This is safe because:
+  //   - write_idx is producer-exclusive (only this function touches it).
+  //   - The consumer (copy_pixels_impl) only ever swaps ready_idx ↔ read_idx,
+  //     never write_idx. So buffers[wi] is not touched by any other thread
+  //     while we're here.
+  memcpy(self->buffers[wi], data, required);
+
+  // --- Phase 3: atomically swap write ↔ ready under the lock. ---
+  g_mutex_lock(&self->mutex);
+
+  int tmp = self->write_idx;
+  self->write_idx = self->ready_idx;
+  self->ready_idx = tmp;
+  self->has_new_frame = TRUE;
+
+  g_mutex_unlock(&self->mutex);
+}
+
+FlTexture* camera_texture_as_fl_texture(CameraTexture* self) {
+  return FL_TEXTURE(self);
+}

plugins/camera_desktop/linux/camera_texture.h

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+#ifndef CAMERA_TEXTURE_H_
+#define CAMERA_TEXTURE_H_
+
+#include <flutter_linux/flutter_linux.h>
+
+G_BEGIN_DECLS
+
+#define CAMERA_TEXTURE_TYPE (camera_texture_get_type())
+G_DECLARE_FINAL_TYPE(CameraTexture, camera_texture, CAMERA, TEXTURE,
+                     FlPixelBufferTexture)
+
+// Creates a new CameraTexture instance.
+CameraTexture* camera_texture_new(void);
+
+// Updates the texture with new RGBA frame data.
+// |data| must point to tightly-packed RGBA pixels (stride == width * 4).
+// |width| and |height| are the frame dimensions.
+// This is called from the GStreamer streaming thread; it writes to the
+// internal write buffer and swaps it into the ready slot.
+void camera_texture_update(CameraTexture* self,
+                           const uint8_t* data,
+                           uint32_t width,
+                           uint32_t height);
+
+// Returns the FlTexture base pointer (for registrar calls).
+FlTexture* camera_texture_as_fl_texture(CameraTexture* self);
+
+G_END_DECLS
+
+#endif  // CAMERA_TEXTURE_H_